Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo

Detalhes bibliográficos
Ano de defesa: 2020
Autor(a) principal: Molina Gómez, Diana Paola
Orientador(a): Teixeira, Renato Augusto
Banca de defesa: Não Informado pela instituição
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
Idioma: por
Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
Porto Alegre
Programa de Pós-Graduação: Não Informado pela instituição
Departamento: Não Informado pela instituição
País: Não Informado pela instituição
Palavras-chave em Português:
Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/16741
Resumo: Acentroscelus is a genus of neotropical spiders belonging to the Tmarini tribe and characterized by its small size. Currently, knowledge of this genus is limited to the original taxonomic descriptions of its species. In order to test the evolutionary relations of the genus and to unravel the taxonomic classification of its species, we performed a phylogenetic analysis, the taxonomic revision of the group, and through the use of morphometric tools we made integrative notes on two species of Acentroscelus. For this, our work has been divided into three main phases. The first phase corresponds to the taxonomic validation of Acentroscelus ramboi and Acentroscelus versicolor, whose descriptions were originally made based on the morphology of females and their males present a high morphological similarity. Assessing the carapace and pedipalp of males of these two species, we obtained a clear disparity. With the results of the test made from the use of anatomical landmarks we ratified the taxonomic validity, finding that besides the clear difference of the females, the males of A. ramboi have the prosoma wider and flatter than the males of A. versicolor; besides presenting the ventral apophysis of the tibia (VTA) thinner at the base and its ectal branch more curved. The second phase corresponds to the phylogenetic analysis based on morphological characters. In this test we confirmed the monophily of the evaluated group, but we found the clade subdivided into three groups. Based on these clates, we proposed the subdivision of Acentroscelus latu sensu into three different genera: Maeanderion, Whittickius and Acentroscelus. In addition to the first systematic approach of the group, we evaluated the body size in the Tmarini species included in the analysis, describing the clado Acentroscelus latu sensu as spiders in miniaturization condition. Finally, the third phase was the taxonomic revision of Acentroscelus latu sensu. We diagnosed and described Maeanderion, with Maeanderion peruvianus (Keyserling, 1880) as the only species of the genus. Besides, we revalidated the Amazonian genus Whittickius (Mello-Leitão, 1940) with W. singularis (Mello-Leitão, 1940) as a type species; we redescribed inside this genus W. granulosus and W. guianensis, whose male was described for the first time; and we described two new species: W. caxiuana and W.echinithorax. Acentroscelus stricto sensu was re described together with its five species, distributed in the Atlantic Forest: Acentroscelus albipes, Acentroscelus versicolor, Acentroscelus ramboi and two new species. Acentroscelus muricatus has been considered as junior synonym of the species type A. albipes.
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spelling Molina Gómez, Diana PaolaTeixeira, Renato Augusto2020-10-10T12:03:56Z2020-10-10T12:03:56Z2020http://hdl.handle.net/10923/16741Acentroscelus is a genus of neotropical spiders belonging to the Tmarini tribe and characterized by its small size. Currently, knowledge of this genus is limited to the original taxonomic descriptions of its species. In order to test the evolutionary relations of the genus and to unravel the taxonomic classification of its species, we performed a phylogenetic analysis, the taxonomic revision of the group, and through the use of morphometric tools we made integrative notes on two species of Acentroscelus. For this, our work has been divided into three main phases. The first phase corresponds to the taxonomic validation of Acentroscelus ramboi and Acentroscelus versicolor, whose descriptions were originally made based on the morphology of females and their males present a high morphological similarity. Assessing the carapace and pedipalp of males of these two species, we obtained a clear disparity. With the results of the test made from the use of anatomical landmarks we ratified the taxonomic validity, finding that besides the clear difference of the females, the males of A. ramboi have the prosoma wider and flatter than the males of A. versicolor; besides presenting the ventral apophysis of the tibia (VTA) thinner at the base and its ectal branch more curved. The second phase corresponds to the phylogenetic analysis based on morphological characters. In this test we confirmed the monophily of the evaluated group, but we found the clade subdivided into three groups. Based on these clates, we proposed the subdivision of Acentroscelus latu sensu into three different genera: Maeanderion, Whittickius and Acentroscelus. In addition to the first systematic approach of the group, we evaluated the body size in the Tmarini species included in the analysis, describing the clado Acentroscelus latu sensu as spiders in miniaturization condition. Finally, the third phase was the taxonomic revision of Acentroscelus latu sensu. We diagnosed and described Maeanderion, with Maeanderion peruvianus (Keyserling, 1880) as the only species of the genus. Besides, we revalidated the Amazonian genus Whittickius (Mello-Leitão, 1940) with W. singularis (Mello-Leitão, 1940) as a type species; we redescribed inside this genus W. granulosus and W. guianensis, whose male was described for the first time; and we described two new species: W. caxiuana and W.echinithorax. Acentroscelus stricto sensu was re described together with its five species, distributed in the Atlantic Forest: Acentroscelus albipes, Acentroscelus versicolor, Acentroscelus ramboi and two new species. Acentroscelus muricatus has been considered as junior synonym of the species type A. albipes.Acentroscelus é um gênero de aranhas neotropicais pertencentes à tribo Tmarini, caracterizadas principalmente por seu pequeno porte. Atualmente o conhecimento do gênero encontra-se limitado às descrições taxonômicas originais das onze espécies descritas. A fim de testar as relações evolutivas do gênero e destrinchar a classificação taxonômica das suas espécies, realizamos uma análise filogenética, a revisão taxonômica do grupo, e mediante o uso de ferramentas morfométricas fizemos anotações integrativas sobre duas espécies de Acentroscelus. Para isto, nosso trabalho foi dividido em três fases principais. A primeira fase corresponde à validação taxonômica de Acentroscelus ramboi e Acentroscelus versicolor, cujas descrições foram feitas originalmente em base à morfologia das fêmeas e seus machos eram desconhecidos. Por esta razão, quisemos avaliar a disparidade dos machos, que apresentam uma alta semelhança morfológica. Com os resultados do teste feito a partir do uso de marcos anatômicos na carapaça e no pedipalpo dos machos destas duas espécies, ratificamos a validade taxonômica, encontrando que além da clara diferença das fêmeas, os machos de A. ramboi possuem o prossoma mais largo e achatado do que os machos de A. versicolor; e apresentam a apófises ventral da tíbia (VTA) mais fina na base e seu ramo ectal mais curvo. A segunda fase corresponde à análise filogenética feita em base a caracteres morfológicos. Neste teste confirmamos a monofilia do grupo avaliado, porém, encontramos o clado subdividido em três grupos. Baseados nestes clados, propusemos a subdivisão de Acentroscelus latu sensu em três gêneros diferentes: Maeanderion, Whittickius e Acentroscelus. Além de brindar a primeira aproximação sistemática do grupo, avaliamos o tamanho corporal nas espécies da tribo Tmarini inclusas na análise, descrevendo o clado Acentroscelus latu sensu como aranhas em condição de miniaturização. Por último, a terceira fase esteve constituída pela revisão taxonômica de Acentroscelus latu sensu. Diagnosticamos e descrevemos Maeanderion, com Maeanderion peruvianus (Keyserling, 1880) como única espécie do gênero. Além disso, revalidamos o gênero amazônico Whittickius Mello-Leitão, 1940 com W. singularis Mello-Leitão, 1940 como espécie tipo; redescrevemos dentro deste gênero W. granulosus e W. guianensis, cujo macho foi descrito pela primeira vez; e descrevemos duas espécies novas: W. caxiuana e W. echinithorax. Acentroscelus stricto sensu foi redescrito junto com suas cinco espécies, distribuídas na Mata Atlântica: Acentroscelus albipes, Acentroscelus versicolor, Acentroscelus ramboi e duas espécies novas. Acentroscelus muricatus foi considerado sinônimo junior da espécie tipo A. albipes.Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-10T12:03:56Z (GMT). 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dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
title Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
spellingShingle Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
Molina Gómez, Diana Paola
ARACNÍDEOS
ARANHAS
TAXIONOMIA
FILOGENIA
ECOLOGIA
title_short Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
title_full Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
title_fullStr Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
title_full_unstemmed Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
title_sort Filogenia de Acentroscelus Simon, 1886 (Araneae: Thomisidae) e a evolução do nanismo nas aranhas caranguejo
author Molina Gómez, Diana Paola
author_facet Molina Gómez, Diana Paola
author_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Molina Gómez, Diana Paola
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Teixeira, Renato Augusto
contributor_str_mv Teixeira, Renato Augusto
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv ARACNÍDEOS
ARANHAS
TAXIONOMIA
FILOGENIA
ECOLOGIA
topic ARACNÍDEOS
ARANHAS
TAXIONOMIA
FILOGENIA
ECOLOGIA
description Acentroscelus is a genus of neotropical spiders belonging to the Tmarini tribe and characterized by its small size. Currently, knowledge of this genus is limited to the original taxonomic descriptions of its species. In order to test the evolutionary relations of the genus and to unravel the taxonomic classification of its species, we performed a phylogenetic analysis, the taxonomic revision of the group, and through the use of morphometric tools we made integrative notes on two species of Acentroscelus. For this, our work has been divided into three main phases. The first phase corresponds to the taxonomic validation of Acentroscelus ramboi and Acentroscelus versicolor, whose descriptions were originally made based on the morphology of females and their males present a high morphological similarity. Assessing the carapace and pedipalp of males of these two species, we obtained a clear disparity. With the results of the test made from the use of anatomical landmarks we ratified the taxonomic validity, finding that besides the clear difference of the females, the males of A. ramboi have the prosoma wider and flatter than the males of A. versicolor; besides presenting the ventral apophysis of the tibia (VTA) thinner at the base and its ectal branch more curved. The second phase corresponds to the phylogenetic analysis based on morphological characters. In this test we confirmed the monophily of the evaluated group, but we found the clade subdivided into three groups. Based on these clates, we proposed the subdivision of Acentroscelus latu sensu into three different genera: Maeanderion, Whittickius and Acentroscelus. In addition to the first systematic approach of the group, we evaluated the body size in the Tmarini species included in the analysis, describing the clado Acentroscelus latu sensu as spiders in miniaturization condition. Finally, the third phase was the taxonomic revision of Acentroscelus latu sensu. We diagnosed and described Maeanderion, with Maeanderion peruvianus (Keyserling, 1880) as the only species of the genus. Besides, we revalidated the Amazonian genus Whittickius (Mello-Leitão, 1940) with W. singularis (Mello-Leitão, 1940) as a type species; we redescribed inside this genus W. granulosus and W. guianensis, whose male was described for the first time; and we described two new species: W. caxiuana and W.echinithorax. Acentroscelus stricto sensu was re described together with its five species, distributed in the Atlantic Forest: Acentroscelus albipes, Acentroscelus versicolor, Acentroscelus ramboi and two new species. Acentroscelus muricatus has been considered as junior synonym of the species type A. albipes.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2020-10-10T12:03:56Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2020-10-10T12:03:56Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2020
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Porto Alegre
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Porto Alegre
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