Estudo do efeito da sujidade na eficiência de módulos fotovoltaicos

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Felipe Rabelo Rodrigues
• Orientador(a): Luz, Marta Pereira da
• Banca de defesa: Carneiro, Marcos Lajovic , Marra, Enes Gonçalves
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação STRICTO SENSU em Engenharia de Produção e Sistemas
• Departamento: Escola de Engenharia::Curso de Engenharia de Produção
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Energia solar; Sujidade; Eficiência; Módulo fotovoltaico.
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Solar energy; Soiling; Efficiency; Photovoltaic module.
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::ENGENHARIA DO PRODUTO
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucgoias.edu.br/handle/tede/4010

The dependence on nonrenewable sources and concern about high levels of pollutant emissions encourage the use of systems that are derived from renewable resources. In this way, photovoltaic systems are seen as promising because they depend on a clean and abundant source, especially in areas of tropical climate, the solar radiation. However, the accumulation of soiling on the surfaces of photovoltaic modules is one of the main environmental factors that cause of the loss of efficiency of these systems, together with irradiance, temperature and shading. In this sense, the present work seeks to verify the soiling effects on the efficiency of photovoltaic modules, through data collection, measurement of specific parameters, statistical analysis and comparisons of scenarios of dirty and clean modules. For the verification and quantification of soiling interference in the efficiency of photovoltaic modules, the electrical and environmental parameters capable of characterizing them are obtained: Isc - Short circuit current (A); Voc - Open circuit voltage (V); G - Solar irradiance (W/m²); T - Module temperature (°C). From the results it can be observed that the intensity of the solar radiation has greater influence on the current of the module, while the temperature directly affects the voltage. This work showed that, in the universe studied, soiling has reduced the power generation efficiency of modules by 3,2% for accumulated soiling in periods of 45 days, and by 18% for accumulated soiling in a longer period of 3,5 years. The characterization of the soiling showed that in addition to mineral particles, there is also organic matter derived from biofilms, which makes it difficult to clean the modules by natural methods (rains and winds). Based on the bibliography and the tests realized, it is estimated that the periodicity of the hygiene should not exceed 60 days, with that, the effects of the soiling are reduced significantly.