Intolerância religiosa contra terreiros de umbanda: uma análise multidisciplinar na cidade de Teresina - PI

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Rêgo, Elson José do
• Orientador(a): Macho, Carlos Henrique
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Brasília
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Stricto Sensu em Direito
• Departamento: Escola de Humanidades, Negócios e Direito
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Intolerância religiosa; Racismo religioso; Religiões afro-brasileiras; Umbanda
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Afro-Brazilian religions; Religious intolerance; Religious racism
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/3727

This study focuses on analyzing the manifestations and impacts of religious intolerance and religious racism against Umbanda temples in the city of Teresina, Piauí. The research is grounded in the recognition that prejudice against African-derived religions, such as Umbanda, represents a specific form of symbolic, cultural, and structural violence rooted in a historical logic of exclusion and silencing of these groups. The research problem consists of understanding how religious racism is expressed in Teresina and what effects it has on the practices, identities, and resistance strategies of Umbanda communities. The methodology adopted was qualitative, based on bibliographic review, documental analysis, and semi-structured interviews with religious leaders and members of Umbanda temples. The study is justified by the social and academic relevance of the topic, considering the rise in cases of religious intolerance in Brazil and the need to make visible and combat the forms of oppression that affect Afro-Brazilian religious expressions. The general objective was to analyze the manifestations and impacts of religious racism against Umbanda temples in Teresina, while the specific objectives included: identifying symbolic and material forms of intolerance; mapping the resistance strategies adopted by the temples; and discussing public policies and social actions aimed at ensuring religious freedom. The results show that religious racism in the city occurs both through physical and verbal attacks and more subtle processes of exclusion, such as denial of public space and institutional prejudice. Furthermore, the absence of centralized doctrinal regulation in Umbanda—unlike other religions structured by synods or formal hierarchies—makes institutional protection more difficult, leaving Umbanda temples more vulnerable to persecution. The conclusion of the study emphasizes the urgency of public policies that recognize and guarantee the rights of African-derived religions, as well as the importance of anti-racist education and the strengthening of community support networks. Additionally, it is suggested that future studies should explore the effects of religious racism on the mental health of practitioners and the youth of the terreiro communities, and evaluate the impact of legislation such as Law 10.639/03 in reducing prejudice in schools. The fight against religious racism must be understood as part of a broader democratic project of valuing diversity and building social justice in Brazil.