Automutilação na adolescência: descrição de projetos interventivos e preventivos desenvolvidos em escolas públicas da região administrativa do Gama – DF

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Raquel Lima
• Orientador(a): Albuquerque, Alessandra Rocha de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Brasília
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Stricto Sensu em Psicologia
• Departamento: Escola de Saúde e Medicina
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Adolescência; Automutilação; Ambiente escolar
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: School environment; Self-mutilation; Adolescence
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2755

The incidence of self-harm in adolescence has increased and as a result, this practice has been considered a public health problem. Given this finding and the risks of this practice, investigations on how to prevent it are important. The aim of the present study is to describe intervention and preventive actions to the self-using behavior of adolescents, carried out in the public schools of the Administrative Region of Gama-DF, revealing what has been done in the school environments, as well as the limitations and advances of these actions in the perception. of the professionals who implement them. The research focused on the qualitative approach, by conducting semi-structured interviews with the educational counselors of these schools and observing some activities developed. The results show that, of the 25 schools that serve adolescents from 10 to 19 years old in Gama, 76% have reported cases of self-harm among young people and 68% carry out some action or project aimed at reducing this behavior. The projects carried out in four of these schools, all coordinated by educational counselors, were described in detail, involving activities such as conversation circles and individualized guidance, enabling a listening space for adolescents to talk openly about their anxieties and problems. In addition, the activities promoted motivate them to develop youth protagonism, reveal their talents and accept their own body. The biggest difficulty faced by all educational counselors participating in the research is the absence of psychologists at school assisting in working with emotional issues. The results show the efforts of schools to face the problem of self-mutilation, however it is clear that this confrontation often occurs intuitively. Given the exploratory nature of this research and its limitations such as the fact that it was based primarily on the report of the educational counselors about the actions developed, further research is suggested on: a) the perceptions of adolescents participating in this type of project; b) rate of self-mutilation in schools with the presence of a psychologist, investigating if it is lower compared to schools that do not have this professional; c) number of schools that have qualified listening spaces and the results presented; c) methods of extinction and / or reduction of self-injurious behavior with interventions in the behavioral approach.