Ocorrência de mormo no estado do Maranhão no período de 2018 a 2022

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Brito, Leana Bruna Salomão de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual do Maranhão; Brasil; Campus São Luis Centro de Ciências Agrárias – CCA; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM DEFESA SANITÁRIA ANIMAL- PPGPDSA; UEMA
• Palavras-chave em Português: Epidemiologia; Mormo; Equídeos; Diagnóstico; Epidemiology; Glanders; Equids; Diagnosis; Ciências Agrárias
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/3806

Glanders is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei that mainly affects equines. It presents respiratory, lymphatic and cutaneous signs in the affected animals, and the course can be acute, subacute or chronic. The asymptomatic carrier horse is the main reservoir of the agent. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of glanders in equines in the state of Maranhão, from 2018 to 2022, a period that comprises the change in the diagnostic screening method to glanders. A total of 23,988 horses were tested for glanders in this period and in the first years the test used was Complement Fixation and no sample was reactive, while in the following years the diagnostic test was ELISA and 93 animals were reactive. These cases were analyzed for epidemiological characterization of glanders in the state of Maranhão and it was found that the municipalities with the highest numbers of reagent animals are those belonging to the Baixada Maranhense microregion. It was observed that 86.56% of the positive samples were of the equine species (Equus caballus) and 13.44% of the mule species, with no cases in donkeys. There were no significant differences between genders, as 54.5% of the positives were females and 45.5% were males. The breeds of the reacting animals were quarter mile 54.5% and 45.4% had no defined breed. Regarding age, 39.3% of the positives were between 0-5 years old, 48.4% were between 5-10 years old and 12.1% were older than 10 years old. With the data obtained in this research, it is concluded that glanders are endemic in Maranhão, with outbreaks being recorded in all regions of the state. It was also observed that the diagnostic change contributed to the confirmation of cases due to the specificity and sensitivity characteristics of the ELISA test. It is noteworthy that glanders is an important zoonosis, which impacts the state's equideoculture and Public Health, requiring effective control and prevention measures