Avaliação da influência das emissões de navios na distribuição de tamanhos e concentrações de metais e hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos no material particulado na Baía de Guanabara (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil)

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Silveira, Renata Simões
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Orientador(a): Corrêa, Sergio Machado
• Banca de defesa: Souza, Simone Lorena Quitério de , Silva, Clayton Martins da , Alvim, Débora Souza , Guarieiro, Lílian Lefol Nani
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental
• Departamento: Centro de Tecnologia e Ciências::Faculdade de Engenharia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Engenharia ambiental; Ar - Poluição; Navios; Cromatografia a gás; Metais - Toxicologia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Environmental engineering; Air - Pollution; Ships; Gas chromatography; Metals - Toxicology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL::CONTROLE DA POLUICAO
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/19370

In the world of growing maritime fleets, ships powered by fossil fuels are being widely used, that are responsible for atmospheric emissions such as Particulate Matter (PM). When inhaled, these can cause serious injury to the body and affect internal organs, because the particle size is on a tiny scale. The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) regulates the standards for emissions from marine diesel engines. However, although they pose risks to human health and the environment, the metals and HPA present in PM are not covered by Brazilian national current legislation. This study is based on the results of sampling of PM in the atmosphere of Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from October 2019 to January 2021, totaling 57 Examples, lasting 24 hours, by means of the MOUDI cascade impactor, followed by acid opening of the collected PM and subsequent chemical analysis by ICP-MS for the determination of concentration of Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn. In coarse particles, the mean values ranged from 0.11 ng m-3 for Ba to 24.9 ng m-3 for Fe; in fine particles, from 0.07 ng m-3 for Co to 25.0 ng m-3 for Fe; in ultrafine particles, from 0.11 ng m-3 for Ba to 9.71 ng m-3 for Fe. Finally, the nanoparticles (Ba and Ca) were not detected, and the maximum value obtained was 5.32 ng m-3 for Mn. In addition, a GC-MS analysis was performed for the determination of concentration of Anthracene (ANT), Benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), Benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), Benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), Chrysene (CRY), Fluoranthene (FLT), Phenanthrene (PHE) and Pyrene (PYR). In coarse particles, the mean values range from 0.46 ng m-3 for FLT to 6.07 ng m-3 for PHE; in fine particles, from 0.518 to 4.204 ng m-3 for PHE; in the ultrafine, FLT was not detected, and the maximum value generated was 4.77 ng m-3 for PHE. And in the nanoparticles, FLT was also not detected, and the maximum value obtained was 2.425 ng m-3 for PHE. There was no significant participation of ship emissions in the concentration of metals in Guanabara Bay. However, a contribution of PHE from ship emissions to local air pollution can be verified.