Práticas de lazer e auto avaliação do estado de saúde de usuários de serviços de hemodiálise da região metropolitana de vitória

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Cunha, Alexandre Cardoso da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva
• Palavras-chave em Português: Atividades de Lazer; Diálise Renal; Determinantes Sociais da Saúde; Doenças não Transmissíveis; Insuficiência Renal Crônica; Auto avaliação; Nível de Saúde; subject.br-rjbn; Saúde Coletiva
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/16288

The concept of expanded health is widespread and accepted, in addition to bringing health professionals closer to subjectivity and the social determinants of health. It takes the form of public policies that seek to improve health conditions with inter and intra-sectoral, territorial actions, based on comprehensive care, which considers people's assessment of their own body and health. Hemodialysis is a treatment that generates many changes in people's daily lives. Among these changes are leisure practices, complex activities involving various dimensions of human life such as social, cultural and health. In this scenario, leisure activities have the potential to generate well-being and are associated with various aspects of daily life, such as self-assessment of health status. Objectives: To describe leisure practices, identify associated factors and analyze the relationship between leisure practices and health status in users of hemodialysis services in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória - Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out with 1024 individuals on hemodialysis in the metropolitan region of Vitória/ES. Data collection took place from February to September 2019. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data, life habits, clinical and treatment characteristics, self-assessment of health and leisure status. Leisure data were collected using the Leisure Practices Scale. Results: The predominant population can be described as: men (56.7%), 30 to 59 years old (51.6%), with less than 8 years of schooling (51.6%), income of up to 2 minimum wages (54 .2%), who undergo hemodialysis in the morning (41.1%), with 3 or more diseases (68.1%) and in treatment for two years or less (38.1%). The most practiced leisure activities are contemplation and leisure (41.7%), social (37.1%) and intellectual (32.5%). Men practice more physical activities (p=<0.001) and manual women (p=<0.001). It was identified that being 40 years of age or younger increased the chance of having more leisure time by 5.26 times (95%CI = 3.86-10.15), never having smoked increased the chances of practicing more leisure by 2.12 times (95%CI = 3.86-10.15). % = 1.04-4.30). However, those who had eight years of education or less were 71.1% less likely to have more leisure time (OR = 0.289, 95%CI = 0.17–0.49). The chances of an individual on hemodialysis negatively evaluating their health when leisure activities of the artistic type are not performed are increased by 2.15 times (95%CI = 1.352-3.432); physical and sports in 3.20 times (95%CI = 1.858-5.515), intellectual in 2.21 times (95%CI = 1.444-3.405), social in 2.744 (95%CI = 1.744-4.314), tourist in 2.08 times (95%CI = 1.370-3.171) and contemplative and idle in 1.92 times (95%CI = 1.293-2.846). Conclusion: The factors associated with leisure practices above the median of hemodialysis users are younger age, higher education and the absence of smoking, demonstrating the need to implement public policies to reduce health inequities and increase leisure practices, which will contribute to improving the people's well-being. Self-assessment of health is associated with artistic, manual, physical and sports, social, intellectual, tourist and contemplative leisure activities, which have the function of providing social participation and giving meaning to life.