Multiculturalismo, lucha por la tierra y violencia: la Organización Nacional Indígena de Colombia (1975-1998)

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Diaz Uribe, Mauricio Alejandro
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Doutorado em História; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em História
• Palavras-chave em Português: Latin America; Indigenous movements; Multiculturalism; América Latina; Movimentos indígenas; Movimientos indígenas; Movimentos sociais - Colômbia; Multiculturalismo; Organización Nacional Indígena de Colombia; História; 93/99
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/11224

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the transformations and tensions in the forms, discourses, claims and demands of the modern Colombian indigenous movement (MIC) through its most representative organization at the national level: The National Indigenous Organization of Colombia (ONIC) since its appearance the 80s to the year 1998. After recognition of Colombia as a social state of ethnic and cultural plural right in the 90s, many of the MIC's discourses and concepts were transformed; for some researchers, this is due to the stagnation of the leaderships and forms of representation of the organizations that have become political parties. For others, rather than a setback, it is due to the emergence of new discourses on autonomy, territoriality, ethnic affirmation; and a permanent tension between the state, the ethnic identity and the multiculturalism. In the case of Colombia, this tension manifests itself in a social context of permanent conflict of generalized violence. The territories of indigenous communities must coexist with war between armed, legal and illegal actors, and the threatening presence of multinational corporations interested in environmental goods and mineral resources. Faced with this situation, indigenous leaders, especially the ONIC, try to cope by maintaining their cultural practices based on their worldviews, their own development plans, maintaining the unity in the diversity of interethnic relations. In this way, the research problematize this tension from three aspects: The concept of territory, the practice of the multiculturalism and the scenario of violence, as themes that project the discourse and actions of its leaders, in the last decades facing the dilemmas of the multicultural State.