Estado nutricional, percepção da imagem corporal e qualidade de vida de adolescentes

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Mendonça, Karla Lorena
• Orientador(a): Jardim, Paulo César Brandão Veiga
• Banca de defesa: Jardim, Paulo César Brandão Veiga, Souza, Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso de, Zanini, Claudia Regina Oliveira, Vitorino, Priscila Valverde de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde (FM)
• Departamento: Faculdade de Medicina - FM (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Adolescentes; Estado nutricional; Imagem corporal; Índice de massa corporal; Qualidade de vida
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Adolescents; Nutritional status; Body image; Body mass index; Quality of life
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3407

Objective: To analyze the influence of Body Mass Index percentile on Body Image perception and Quality of Life of adolescents from a large city. Methodology: Cross-sectional study in which a representative sample of healthy adolescents was selected from both private and public schools of a Brazilian capital city. Anthropometric measures were performed in order to calculate Body Mass Index percentile. A scale of Body Image was applied to the adolescents to verify whether there was satisfaction or dissatisfaction and possible Body Image distortion. Self-reported questionnaires were also applied to the adolescents and their parents or responsible adults with questions about the Quality of Life and image the adolescents have about themselves and the view of the parents about the Quality of Life of their children. Results: This study has included 1,168 adolescents aged between 12 and 18, mean of 14.7 (± 1.60), being n=550 (47.1%) male and n=618 (52.9%) female. It was observed that 3.4% of the young people were underweight and 22.4% were either overweight or obese with higher overweight prevalence among male adolescents, the youngest and private schools students. It was verified that 69.4% were dissatisfied with Body Image, 30% of the adolescents wished to gain weight and 39.4% wished to lose it. The majority of the subjects presented Body Image distortion: of those underweight, 35.0% did not regard themselves as thin, 33.8% of the eutrophic individuals did not believe they should belong to this classification, 39.1% of those with overweight did not consider themselves to be so and 62.1% of the obese individuals believed they were just overweight or eutrophic. Regarding Quality of Life, the adolescents presented a self- evaluation better than that of their parents in terms of school, social, physical and global attributes. Concerning the emotional aspects, on the other hand, the adolescents had self-evaluated worse than their parents’ assessment. Male adolescents’ self-evaluation was better than that of female adolescents in terms of emotional, school and social aspects. Older adolescents demonstrated higher Quality of Life scores than the younger ones regarding social, psychosocial and global dimensions. Public school students had higher Quality of Life scores than those of private schools regarding physical, psychosocial and global dimensions. Conclusions: Overweight/obese adolescents are the ones who presented more dissatisfaction with Body Image, mainly the female. Male adolescents presented a greater wish of gaining weight. Body Image distortion was present in adolescents of all Body Mass Index ranges. Adolescents evaluated their Quality of Life better than their parents except regarding the emotional dimension. Older male adolescents and the ones who attend public school presented better Quality of Life.