Resistência Primária aos Antirretrovirais e Mapeamento Genético do HIV-1 no Estado do Mato Grosso

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: FERREIRA, Adriana Santarém
• Orientador(a): STEFANI, Mariane Martins de Araújo
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde
• Departamento: Ciências da Saúde - Medicina
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Resistência Primária ao HIV-1; subtipos; Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: HIV-1 primary drug resistance; subtypes; Brazil
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1722

The antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced morbidity and mortality related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In spite of this advance, the antiretroviral resistance mutations and viral genetic diversity remain the main obstacles in the fight against AIDS. The resistance pattern of HIV-1 to antiretrovirals can be evaluated by resistance tests, specially the genotype testing that allows detection of mutations in the viral genome. This study describes the prevalence of primary HIV-1 drug resistance and subtypes circulating in Mato Grosso, Central West Brazil. Plasma samples from 105 naive patients were colleted during the years 2008 and 2009 to perform the viral resistance genotyping at Tropical Pathology and Public Health Institute, Federal University of Goiás. Protease (PR) and partial reverse transcriptase (RT) were amplified and sequenced from plasma RNA. HIV-1 pol subtypes were assigned by phylogenetic analysis through Los Alamos Database. ARV resistance mutations were analyzed by Stanford University Database and International AIDS Society. Ninety two of the 105 samples had their RNA amplified, 5 (5,43%) of them harboring a resistant strain. Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors associed mutations were present in 3 (3,26%), 1(1,08%) and 1(1,08%) samples respectively. Reverse transcriptase gene mutations were observed at códons 219 (K219E), 67 (D67N) e 103 (K103N). Protease gene mutation was observed at códon 90 (L90M). This study revealed that the main mutations are related to reversetranscriptase inhibitors, mainly INTR, reflecting the widespread use of reversetranscriptase inhibitors in the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Moreover, shows the wide genetic diversity with a significant proportion of distinct BF1 recombinants and the co-circulation of subtypes B, F1 and C in Central West Brazil.