Biodiversidade de vertebrados em cavidades artificiais no Estado de Minas Gerais: alternativas para a conservação e proposta de estudo de vertebrados cavernícolas em ambientes impactados

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Teixeira, Amanda Luisa Meireles
• Orientador(a): Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes
• Banca de defesa: Pompeu, Paulo dos Santos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: DBI - Programa de Pós-graduação
• País: BRASIL
• Palavras-chave em Português: Streblidae; Ácaro; Assimetria; Mites; Asymmetry
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ_NÃO_INFORMADO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufla.br/handle/1/1803

Mine´s built merges with Minas Gerais state own history. As a result of your mining vocation, Minas Gerais has several open artificial cavities since XVIII century and other that had been built recently, as those located in the state´s northeast area. These cavities can shelter diverse vertebrates groups. This study aims were indentify the vertebrate species that use the artificial cavities and identify the environmental impact where these artificial cavities occur. Moreover, an inquire were done to identify the ectoparasites in the bats living in those environments as theirs parasitisms levels. The parasitism levels data were also used to verify their influence in the asymmetry variation on the most abundant bat species. The employed method was direct search in the artificial cavities to collect individuals for posterior identification, when necessary. Specification files were filled with the impact around and inside the cavities. Yet, only in bats, ectoparasites were collected and morfometric measures were taken to asymmetry analysis. In 11 State` cities 107 artificial cavities were visited. Among the groups found were amphibian, mammal (bats, rodents and marsupials), and birds. Overall 25 vertebrate species were registered using artificial cavities in the whole state. The most common species found were the Thoropa miliaris and the Carollia perspicillata found in 29 and 16 cavities respectively. The cities with the main richness were located in the northeast area of the state, (Caraí, Medina, and Novo Oriente de Minas). Throughout the main impact observed were trails, deforestation, and extractives´ activities. The higher environmental impact levels were found in the northeast area. Only one environmental characteristic was meaningful related with the vertebrate richness. A bat parasitism study was realized to demonstrate that more specific researches can be done in the artificial cavities. 160 flies from Streblidae family from seven species were collected. The higher prevalence levels and average infestation were 45 and 4 when relating Trichobius furmani and Desmodus rotundus and Trichobius tiptoni and Glossophaga soricina, respectively. Although the collection method was different, no sex ratio alteration was verified. Among the mites, 314 individuals were collected and they were distributed in 15 species. The higher prevalence levels and average infestation were 100 and 5,5 when comparing Desmodus rotundus and Radfordiella desmodi and Anoura caudifera e Periglischrus caligus. When compared the asymmetry rates and the parasite number, several associations were relevant. In Desmodus rotundus was verified a huge parasites quantity and also parasite individuals. This specie also presented high number of relevant correlation with the asymmetric structures. Thus it was noticed that the asymmetry can be one of the characteristics that affect the parasitism rates just like its reverse can be also true. Those results express the artificial cavities potential to preserve the vertebrate community in the areas where they are located and also the capability to realize more specific researches in these fauna.