Senso de coerência materno no período puerpério imediato baseado no peso ao nascer do recém-nascido

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Ingrid Gomes Perez Occhi Alexandre
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; FAO - DEPARTAMENTO DE ODONTOPEDIATRIA E ORTODONTIA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Recém-nascido de baixo peso; Recém-nascido; Senso de coerência; Mães; Período pós-parto; Puerpério; Baixo peso ao nascer
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/53626; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1757-2286

Low birth weight is considered a stressful factor for mothers, since it represents a higher risk of mortality. The Sense of Coherence (SOC) is the adaptive capacity to deal with stress. In certain situations, such as the birth of a child, the SOC may change. This paired cross-sectional study aimed to verify the association of maternal SOC according to the newborn’s birth weight with birth outcomes, as well as socioeconomic factors in the immediate postpartum. After approval by the ethics committee, the mothers who were in immediate postpartum (up to 10 days of postpartum) and gave birth at the Public University Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais were invited to participate. Women who could not read or write, unable to complete any of the questionnaires, diagnosed with depression, or whose children were twin or born with malformations or syndromes. The newborns could be at the Rooming-in or at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and all mothers assessed were in the Rooming-in. Mothers were divided into two groups, paired in a 1:1 ratio by their range age: Group BP - mothers whose children were born with low birth weight; and Group PN - mothers whose children were born with normal weight. The dependent variable in this study was the SOC, obtained through the short version of the SOC scale (SOC-13), and dichotomized in "high SOC" and "low SOC" in each group through two-step cluster analysis. The independent variables related to the newborns were: gestational age, the need to stay in ICU or incubator and sex. The mother’s variables addressed the age, socioeconomic factors (work during pregnancy, monthly family income, years of schooling, religiosity and to live with newborn’s father), health related factors (systemic alterations, pre-eclampsia, medications, tobacco use and abortion history), and pregnancy variables (parity, planned pregnancy, type of childbirth, postpartum time, and breastfeeding). These variables were obtained through medical records and a semi-structured questionnaire applied to mothers, containing 40 questions divided into 5 sections: identification; maternal education; socioeconomic status; maternal health; childbirth and breastfeeding. After descriptive analysis, the data were analyzed by bi and multivariate Logistic Regression models, with significance level set at 0.05. The mean age of the 158 mothers evaluated was 27.8 years (± 7.2). In the BP group, mothers with monthly family income above 2 Brazilian minimum wages were more likely to present high SOC (OR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.15-11.10). On the other hand, in the PN group, mothers who lived with the newborn’s father (OR = 3.88; 95% CI = 1.12–13.52) and whose newborns did not need an incubator (OR = 5.38; 95% CI = 1.14–25.32) were more likely to present with high SOC. The maternal SOC in the immediate postpartum period is associated with distinct factors considering the birth weight. Recognizing these factors can help specific strategies for reducing stressors in the immediate postpartum.