Espiritualidade e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com câncer de pulmão em tratamento oncológico

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Erica Maria Belmiro dos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Enfermagem; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Enfermagem oncológica; Câncer de pulmão; Câncer - Espiritualidade; Câncer - Qualidade de vida; Spirituality; Quality of life; Lung cancer; Oncology nursing; Espiritualidad; Calidad de vida; Cancer de pulmon; Enfermería oncológica; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/33170

Introduction: Cancer is a complex disease and is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, among the types of cancer, lung cancer stands out, as it profoundly affects the lives of patients and their families with disabling, non-specific symptoms and high mortality rates. Given the challenges inherent to diagnosis and treatment, several factors can influence the well-being and quality of life of these individuals. Among these factors, spirituality has emerged as a relevant aspect, capable of providing emotional support, meaning and resilience in the face of oncological adversity, bringing benefits to the healthrelated quality of life of patients with lung cancer. Objective: To evaluate the spirituality and health-related quality of life of patients with lung cancer undergoing oncological treatment. Method: Cross-sectional research, with a quantitative approach, carried out in a reference service for cancer treatment, located in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The study population was made up of adults and elderly people with lung cancer undergoing oncological treatment at the aforementioned service (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy) for at least one month. The sample size calculation was performed using the R software version 4.2.3, thus obtaining a sample of 74 patients. Data were collected using a structured instrument to obtain data regarding the sociodemographic and clinical profile, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Spirituality/Religiosity/Personal Beliefs – WHOQOL-SRPB, and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Care Quality of Life Questionnaire – EORTC QLQ-C30. The data were stored in an electronic spreadsheet in the Microsoft Excel program, subsequently analyzed statistically using the R software program version 4.3.1, through descriptive and inferential analysis. The project was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee, under opinion number 70379523.4.0000.5188. Results: Spirituality presented a high average in the faith facet. HRQoL had the highest means on the symptom scale of constipation, financial difficulties, fatigue, pain, loss of appetite, insomnia and dyspnea. In the HRQoL functional scale, the highest averages were in cognitive, emotional, physical, social and functional functions. In the relationship between spirituality and the health-related quality of life of patients with lung cancer undergoing oncological treatment, we can observe that there was a weak positive correlation between the connection score and financial difficulty (r = 0.29 and p-value = 0.012), as well as with the social score (r = 0.27 and p-value = 0.028), weak positive correlation between sense and global health scale (r = 0.25 and p-value = 0.041), In relation to admiration, it was observed- if a weak negative correlation with the functional score (r = -0.24 and p-value = 0.044). A weak positive correlation was also observed between insomnia and completeness score (r = -0.27 and pvalue = 0.024). Regarding strength, there was a weak negative correlation with insomnia (r = - 0.25 and p-value = 0.037) and a weak positive correlation with loss of appetite (r = 0.24 and p-value = 0.044). We observed a weak negative correlation between the cognitive score and peace (r = -0.31 and p-value = 0.011). Regarding hope, there was a weak positive correlation with financial difficulty (r = 0.26 and p-value = 0.036) and a weak/moderate negative correlation with the cognitive score (r = -0.42 and p-value = 0.001) . Finally, we can observe a weak negative correlation between Total Spirituality and insomnia (r = -0.27 and p-value = 0.025) and cognitive (r = -0.27 and p-value = 0.024). There was also a weak negative correlation between financial difficulty and age (r = -0.33 and p-value = 0.005), as well as income (r = -0.34 and p-value = 0.004), we observed the same type of correlation between income and emotional score (r = -0.29 and p-value = 0.016). We also have a weak positive correlation between dyspnea and time since diagnosis (r = -0.26 and p-value = 0.035). Finally, regarding treatment time, there was a weak negative correlation with fatigue (r = -0.25 and p- value = 0.041), nausea and vomiting (r = -0.27 and p-value = 0.028), constipation ( r = -0.30 and p-value = 0.012) and physical functions (r = -0.32 and p-value = 0.007). We observed a weak negative correlation between income and admiration (r = -0.25 and p-value = 0.042), as well as a weak positive correlation between faith and time since diagnosis (r = 0.42 and pvalue = 0.001). Conclusion: Spirituality contributes positively to the HRQoL of patients with lung cancer undergoing oncological treatment.