Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano
Ano de defesa: | 2023 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Brasil Agricultura Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias (Agroecologia) UFPB |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Link de acesso: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29358 |
Resumo: | The indian neem (Azadirachta indica) is a florestal species known for its insecticide properties, with azadirachtine being its main active compound and the basis for the production of natural bioinsecticides for the control of insects and plagues. However, this compound has been causing lethal injuries to pollinating insects, especially to bees. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the neem on the nesting behaviors of the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. The study was conducted in two steps and in two areas composed of neem specimens, utilizing 10 standard hives with uruçu bees allocated within these trees. The assessment of the influence of the floral and leaf resources of the neem over the behavior of the bees was realized through the weighing of the hives, every fifteen days, to observe if the colonies would gain or lose weight. A comercial digital balance was used for the weighing, with a total of 6 weighings, totalizing 75 days of experiment. The information was registered and analyzed by means of polynomial regression, along with the box plot. The results attained for the first part of the study demonstrated weight gain and loss rates for the bee colonies, with loss rates being superior when compared to gain rates. After 30,45,60 and 75 days of observation, it was possible to notice a continuous weight loss in almost all hives, with a loss of 2.860 kg for hive 10 (6.540 kg – 3.680 kg), the biggest among all of them. The azadiractine active compound present in the leaves of the neem demonstrated toxicity over the colonies of the uruçu bees, resulting on a weigth and vigor loss for the swarms. On the second step of the study, it was not possible to obbtain sufficient data, due to the falling of the leaves and the consequent decrease of the quantity of flowers until the end of its floral cycle. However, it was managed to collect the data of hives 4 and 10, with the initial weights of 6.740 kg and 6.650 being registered, respectively, and after 15 days a weight loss was observed for hive 4 (6.630 kg) and hive 10 (6.420 kg). The pollen and nectar of the flowers of the A. Indica tree show a toxic action towards the bees brood which raised the mortality level of larvae in the colonies. Complementary research are necessary, especially with the obervation of the annual phenology, including flowering, with the offer of nectar and pollen, as a way to assess the impact over food supply for the uruçu bees. It is concluded that the collected data are indicative that, probably, the Indian neem favors a decrease of the uruçu colonies, established right under their tree tops, preventing the expressive gain (birth) of new workers. This study demonstrates the necessity not to plant the Indian neem on the colonies surroundings and the meliponaries of the species of uruçu bees. |
id |
UFPB_fcbd636e0eebc8713049a111b7f07f2a |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/29358 |
network_acronym_str |
UFPB |
network_name_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibanoMelíponasColmeiasToxicidadeAbelhas sem-ferrãoStingless beesMeliponinesHivesCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIASThe indian neem (Azadirachta indica) is a florestal species known for its insecticide properties, with azadirachtine being its main active compound and the basis for the production of natural bioinsecticides for the control of insects and plagues. However, this compound has been causing lethal injuries to pollinating insects, especially to bees. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the neem on the nesting behaviors of the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. The study was conducted in two steps and in two areas composed of neem specimens, utilizing 10 standard hives with uruçu bees allocated within these trees. The assessment of the influence of the floral and leaf resources of the neem over the behavior of the bees was realized through the weighing of the hives, every fifteen days, to observe if the colonies would gain or lose weight. A comercial digital balance was used for the weighing, with a total of 6 weighings, totalizing 75 days of experiment. The information was registered and analyzed by means of polynomial regression, along with the box plot. The results attained for the first part of the study demonstrated weight gain and loss rates for the bee colonies, with loss rates being superior when compared to gain rates. After 30,45,60 and 75 days of observation, it was possible to notice a continuous weight loss in almost all hives, with a loss of 2.860 kg for hive 10 (6.540 kg – 3.680 kg), the biggest among all of them. The azadiractine active compound present in the leaves of the neem demonstrated toxicity over the colonies of the uruçu bees, resulting on a weigth and vigor loss for the swarms. On the second step of the study, it was not possible to obbtain sufficient data, due to the falling of the leaves and the consequent decrease of the quantity of flowers until the end of its floral cycle. However, it was managed to collect the data of hives 4 and 10, with the initial weights of 6.740 kg and 6.650 being registered, respectively, and after 15 days a weight loss was observed for hive 4 (6.630 kg) and hive 10 (6.420 kg). The pollen and nectar of the flowers of the A. Indica tree show a toxic action towards the bees brood which raised the mortality level of larvae in the colonies. Complementary research are necessary, especially with the obervation of the annual phenology, including flowering, with the offer of nectar and pollen, as a way to assess the impact over food supply for the uruçu bees. It is concluded that the collected data are indicative that, probably, the Indian neem favors a decrease of the uruçu colonies, established right under their tree tops, preventing the expressive gain (birth) of new workers. This study demonstrates the necessity not to plant the Indian neem on the colonies surroundings and the meliponaries of the species of uruçu bees.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESO nim indiano (Azadirachta indica) é uma espécie florestal conhecida por suas propiedades inseticidas, sendo a azadirachtina seu principal composto ativo e a base para a produção de bioinseticidas naturais para o controle de insetos pragas. No entanto, esse composto tem causado prejuízos letais aos insetos polinizadores, em especial às abelhas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do nim indiano no comportamento de nidificação da abelha sem ferrão Melipona scutellaris. O estudo foi conduzido em duas etapas e em duas áreas compostas por espécimes de nim indiano, utilizando-se 10 colmeias padrões com abelhas uruçu alocadas nessas árvores. As avaliações da influência dos recursos foliares e florais do nim sobre o comportamento das abelhas foram realizadas mediante pesagens das colmeias, a cada quinze dias, para observar se as colônias ganhariam ou perderiam peso. Utilizou-se uma balança comercial digital para a realização das pesagens, sendo realizadas 6 pesagens, totalizando 75 dias de experimento. As informações foram registradas e analisadas por meio da regressão polinomial juntamente com o box plot. Os resultados obtidos para a primeira etapa do estudo demonstraram taxas de ganho e de perdas de peso das colônias de abelhas, sendo as de perda superiores quando comparadas com as de aumento. Após 30, 45, 60 e 75 dias de observação, foi possível notar a perda contínua de peso em quase todas as colmeias, registrando-se uma diminuição de 2.860 kg para a colmeia 10 (6.540 kg - 3.680 kg), a maior entre todas elas. O composto ativo de azadiractina presente nas folhas do nim indiano apresentou toxicidade sobre as colônias de abelhas uruçu, resultando em diminuição do peso e vigor dos enxames. Na segunda etapa do estudo, não foi possível obter dados suficientes em virtude das àrvores apresentarem quedas das folhas e a consequente diminuição da quantidade de flores até a finalização do seu ciclo floral. Todavia, foi possível realizar a coleta de dados das colmeias 4 e 10, sendo observado o peso inicial de 6.740 kg e 6.650 kg, respectivamente, e após 15 dias observou-se perda de peso para a colmeia 4 (6.630 kg), e para a colmeia 10 (6.420 kg). O pólen e o néctar das flores de A. indica apresentam uma ação tóxica para a cria das abelhas e provocou mortalidade das larvas nas colônias. Pesquisas complementares são necessárias, especialmente com observações da fenologia anual, incluindo a floração, com a oferta de néctar e pólen, a fim de aferir o impacto da oferta alimentar nas abelhas uruçu. Conclui-se que os dados coletados são indicativos de que, provavelmente, o nim indiano favorece a uma diminuição das colônias de uruçu, estabelecidas abaixo da copa dessas árvores, impedindo o ganho expressivo (nascimento) de novas operárias. Esse estudo demonstra ainda a necessidade do não plantio do nim indiano no entorno das colônias e de meliponários das espécies de abelhas uruçu.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilAgriculturaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias (Agroecologia)UFPBAquino, Italo de Souzahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8077469301474299Fernandes, Teotônio Lucas Sabino2024-01-28T22:03:21Z2023-11-192024-01-28T22:03:21Z2023-10-05info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29358porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2024-01-29T06:06:14Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/29358Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2024-01-29T06:06:14Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano |
title |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano |
spellingShingle |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano Fernandes, Teotônio Lucas Sabino Melíponas Colmeias Toxicidade Abelhas sem-ferrão Stingless bees Meliponines Hives CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS |
title_short |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano |
title_full |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano |
title_fullStr |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano |
title_sort |
Comportamento de nidificação de melipona scutellaris na microrregião do brejo paraibano |
author |
Fernandes, Teotônio Lucas Sabino |
author_facet |
Fernandes, Teotônio Lucas Sabino |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Aquino, Italo de Souza http://lattes.cnpq.br/8077469301474299 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Fernandes, Teotônio Lucas Sabino |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Melíponas Colmeias Toxicidade Abelhas sem-ferrão Stingless bees Meliponines Hives CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS |
topic |
Melíponas Colmeias Toxicidade Abelhas sem-ferrão Stingless bees Meliponines Hives CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS |
description |
The indian neem (Azadirachta indica) is a florestal species known for its insecticide properties, with azadirachtine being its main active compound and the basis for the production of natural bioinsecticides for the control of insects and plagues. However, this compound has been causing lethal injuries to pollinating insects, especially to bees. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the neem on the nesting behaviors of the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. The study was conducted in two steps and in two areas composed of neem specimens, utilizing 10 standard hives with uruçu bees allocated within these trees. The assessment of the influence of the floral and leaf resources of the neem over the behavior of the bees was realized through the weighing of the hives, every fifteen days, to observe if the colonies would gain or lose weight. A comercial digital balance was used for the weighing, with a total of 6 weighings, totalizing 75 days of experiment. The information was registered and analyzed by means of polynomial regression, along with the box plot. The results attained for the first part of the study demonstrated weight gain and loss rates for the bee colonies, with loss rates being superior when compared to gain rates. After 30,45,60 and 75 days of observation, it was possible to notice a continuous weight loss in almost all hives, with a loss of 2.860 kg for hive 10 (6.540 kg – 3.680 kg), the biggest among all of them. The azadiractine active compound present in the leaves of the neem demonstrated toxicity over the colonies of the uruçu bees, resulting on a weigth and vigor loss for the swarms. On the second step of the study, it was not possible to obbtain sufficient data, due to the falling of the leaves and the consequent decrease of the quantity of flowers until the end of its floral cycle. However, it was managed to collect the data of hives 4 and 10, with the initial weights of 6.740 kg and 6.650 being registered, respectively, and after 15 days a weight loss was observed for hive 4 (6.630 kg) and hive 10 (6.420 kg). The pollen and nectar of the flowers of the A. Indica tree show a toxic action towards the bees brood which raised the mortality level of larvae in the colonies. Complementary research are necessary, especially with the obervation of the annual phenology, including flowering, with the offer of nectar and pollen, as a way to assess the impact over food supply for the uruçu bees. It is concluded that the collected data are indicative that, probably, the Indian neem favors a decrease of the uruçu colonies, established right under their tree tops, preventing the expressive gain (birth) of new workers. This study demonstrates the necessity not to plant the Indian neem on the colonies surroundings and the meliponaries of the species of uruçu bees. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-11-19 2023-10-05 2024-01-28T22:03:21Z 2024-01-28T22:03:21Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29358 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29358 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Agricultura Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias (Agroecologia) UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Agricultura Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias (Agroecologia) UFPB |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
instacron_str |
UFPB |
institution |
UFPB |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
_version_ |
1801843219416219648 |