Desenvolvimento e aplicação de uma estratégia de controle para o método de elevação artificial por bombeio mecânico

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Galvão, Hannah Lícia Cruz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA E ENGENHARIA DE PETRÓLEO
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bombeio mecânico; Elevação artificial; Controlador PID; Carta dinamométrica; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA::PETROLEO E PETROQUIMICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22131

In the oil industry, one area that has been developed and gained highlight is automation and well control, which has been used in artificial lift methods, especially in Sucker-Rod Pump (SRP) that is considered one of the methods more used in onshore regions and it is more applied in Brazil compared to other artificial methods. Therefore, it is noted that enhancements in sucker-rod pump may cause largely improvements in oil extraction in the country. One relevant enhancement would be the development and application of new strategies and control techniques to this system. Then, the main focus of this work was developing a controller applied to sucker-rod rump in order to avoid the appearance of undesirable effects during the production process as well as to maximize the operating efficiency. The developed tool controls the partial filling of the downhole pumps through the manipulation of the pumping velocity. Thus, a Proportional Integral Derivative controller (PID) was used due to its versatile structure, adapting to requirements and work limitations. Initially, literature researches about the SRP method were conducted— covering the function of the surface and downhole dynamometric cards, mainly— the basic concepts about the PID control — and the main control strategies applied to sucker-rod pump. In this work was developed a mathematical and computational modeling to determine the value of the downhole pumps filling. To implement the controlling was used the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming language associated to its integrated development environment (IDE), which is present in Microsoft Excel. To validate, it was used a sucker-rod pump simulator as a virtual well and simulations were realized with the controller that was created. It was observed that the developed strategy was an important tool when it comes to enhance the production through sucker-rod pump because the strategy that was applied provided a partial control of the downhole pumps without stopping the production, that is, the pumping unit, what reflected an operational optimization.