Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual
Ano de defesa: | 2012 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia
|
Departamento: |
Zootecnia
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4338 |
Resumo: | This study evaluated the lactation curve shape, the yield and composition of milk from cows of Holstein and Jersey breeds grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, and aimed to analyze its response when subjected to grazing pasture herd consisting of two genotypes. The experiment was conducted from 08.18.2010 to 10.29.2010 and are used in total, eleven tester cows of each racial group and a variable number of regulator cows. The animals were managed in rotational grazing with variable stocking rate and were supplemented at a rate of 1 kg per 3 liters of milk produced above 15 liters / cow / day. Pasture management allowed similar grazing conditions between the two tested breeds and proved to be not limiting to pasture and animals production. Individual milking performance was measured once a week throughout experimental period. The visual body condition score (BCS, 1-5), was also registered weekly, and body weigh was measured monthly. The experimental design for pasture variables and for individual animal production was a randomized block design with replications in time, having been used stepwise proc (SAS, 2009) to test regression models. Only the supplement in the months August, September and October in analysis, besides individual productions corrected to 4% fat, day consuption in the months of August, September and October was considered in analysis, besides individual animal productions corrected to 4% fat, days in lactation period , body weights, BCS, number of lactations and age. Individual samples were taken by milking in September and October, and analyzed for the following milk components: fat, protein, lactose, water, acidity, freezing point, density, and computed total dry extract (TDE) and defatted dry extract (DDE). The statistical analysis for milk components was randomized complete blocks with triple factorial arrangement for breeds (2), periods (2), and stages of lactation (4). ANOVA was performed by GLM (SAS, 2009) and multivariate analysis, through Software Multiv (Pillar, 1997), using the correlation between variables as a measure of similarity, and clustering criteria was the least variance of sum of squares Jersey exceeded Holstein (P <0.005) for fat (%) lactose (%) and protein (%); Holstein was exceeding Jersey (P <0.0001) for fat (kg), protein (kg) and TDE ( kg). Correlation studies showed a clear difference in the degree of association between genotypes for dry matter intake of feed, with lower association for Jersey genotype, Holtstein presented a higher and consistent dependence of intake throughout the experimental period, coinciding with pasture cycle. This trend may indicate greater efficiency of Jersey genotype in the use of pastures of high quality, obtained in the initial pasture phases. The regression studies indicated that supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in September explained 65.69% of milk production for Holstein breed, and supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in October explained 55.73% of milk production of Jersey breed. |
id |
UFSM_607a98adfcfe66b622cfdd8e5e374197 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/4338 |
network_acronym_str |
UFSM |
network_name_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
2017-07-042017-07-042012-02-29DIEFENBACH, Jairo. Production and milk quality of Holstein and Jersey cows breeds, grazing annual ryegrass. 2012. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4338This study evaluated the lactation curve shape, the yield and composition of milk from cows of Holstein and Jersey breeds grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, and aimed to analyze its response when subjected to grazing pasture herd consisting of two genotypes. The experiment was conducted from 08.18.2010 to 10.29.2010 and are used in total, eleven tester cows of each racial group and a variable number of regulator cows. The animals were managed in rotational grazing with variable stocking rate and were supplemented at a rate of 1 kg per 3 liters of milk produced above 15 liters / cow / day. Pasture management allowed similar grazing conditions between the two tested breeds and proved to be not limiting to pasture and animals production. Individual milking performance was measured once a week throughout experimental period. The visual body condition score (BCS, 1-5), was also registered weekly, and body weigh was measured monthly. The experimental design for pasture variables and for individual animal production was a randomized block design with replications in time, having been used stepwise proc (SAS, 2009) to test regression models. Only the supplement in the months August, September and October in analysis, besides individual productions corrected to 4% fat, day consuption in the months of August, September and October was considered in analysis, besides individual animal productions corrected to 4% fat, days in lactation period , body weights, BCS, number of lactations and age. Individual samples were taken by milking in September and October, and analyzed for the following milk components: fat, protein, lactose, water, acidity, freezing point, density, and computed total dry extract (TDE) and defatted dry extract (DDE). The statistical analysis for milk components was randomized complete blocks with triple factorial arrangement for breeds (2), periods (2), and stages of lactation (4). ANOVA was performed by GLM (SAS, 2009) and multivariate analysis, through Software Multiv (Pillar, 1997), using the correlation between variables as a measure of similarity, and clustering criteria was the least variance of sum of squares Jersey exceeded Holstein (P <0.005) for fat (%) lactose (%) and protein (%); Holstein was exceeding Jersey (P <0.0001) for fat (kg), protein (kg) and TDE ( kg). Correlation studies showed a clear difference in the degree of association between genotypes for dry matter intake of feed, with lower association for Jersey genotype, Holtstein presented a higher and consistent dependence of intake throughout the experimental period, coinciding with pasture cycle. This trend may indicate greater efficiency of Jersey genotype in the use of pastures of high quality, obtained in the initial pasture phases. The regression studies indicated that supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in September explained 65.69% of milk production for Holstein breed, and supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in October explained 55.73% of milk production of Jersey breed.Foram avaliados o comportamento da curva de lactação, e a produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey em pastagens de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum) no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, com o objetivo de analisar a resposta de dois genótipos de raças leiteiras, em pastoreio rotativo. O experimento foi conduzido de 18/08/2010 a 29/10/2010, sendo utilizadas, onze vacas testadoras de cada grupo racial e um número variável de vacas reguladoras. Os animais foram manejados em pastoreio rotativo com lotação variável e receberam concentrado comercial à razão de 1 kg para cada 3 litros de leite produzidos acima de 15 litros/vaca/dia. O manejo das pastagens permitiu condições de pastejo semelhantes entre as duas raças testadas e se mostrou não limitante à produção da pastagem e dos animais. Foi medido o desempenho individual por turno de produção de leite, uma vez por semana em todo período experimental. Também foram tomados semanalmente, o escore de condição corporal (ECC, escala de 1 a 5), e mensalmente o peso vivo (PV), em balança mecânica. O delineamento para variáveis da pastagem e produção animal foi blocos ao acaso, com medidas repetidas no tempo, tendo sido utilizado o proc stepwise (SAS, 2009) para testar modelos de regressões. Foi considerado apenas o consumo do suplemento nos meses de agosto, setembro e outubro na análise, além de produções individuais corrigidas a 4% de gordura, dias em leite no inicio e final, pesos, ECC, número de lactações e idade. Foram tomadas amostras individuais de leite por ordenha, em setembro e outubro, e analisados para os componentes: gordura, proteína, lactose, além de água, acidez, crioscopia, densidade, e calculados extrato seco total (EST) e extrato seco desengordurado (ESD). A análise estatística para componentes do leite considerou o delineamento em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial triplo para raças (2), períodos (2), e fases de lactação (4). Foi realizada ANOVA por GLM (SAS, 2009) e análise multivariada, através do Software Multiv (Pillar, 1997), sendo utilizada a correlação entre variáveis como medida de semelhança, e o critério de agrupamento foi a variância mínima da soma de quadrados. Jersey foi superior a Holandês (P<0,005) para os teores de gordura (%) lactose (%) e proteína (%); Holandês foi superior a Jersey (P<0,0001) para as produções de gordura (kg), proteína (kg) e EST (kg). O estudo de correlações indicou clara diferença no grau de associação entre genótipos para consumo de matéria seca do concentrado (CMSR), tendo Jersey menor associação, e Holandês uma mais alta e consistente dependência desse consumo ao longo do período experimental, coincidente com o avanço no ciclo da pastagem. Esta tendência pode indicar maior eficiência do genótipo Jersey no uso de pastos de alta qualidade, obtida nas fases iniciais da pastagem. O estudo de regressões indicou CMSR (R² parcial) no mês de setembro explicando 65,69% da produção de leite do genótipo Holandês, e CMSR (R² parcial) no mês de outubro explicando 55,73% da produção de leite do genótipo Jersey.application/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaUFSMBRZootecniaLeite a pastoPersistência da lactaçãoCurva de lactaçãoLolium multiflorumRaças de vacas leiteirasConstituintes do leiteSuplementaçãoSistema de produçãoMilk pasturePersistency of lactationLactation curveLolium multiflorumBreeds of dairy cowsMilk compositionSupplementationProduction systemCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIAProdução e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anualProduction and milk quality of Holstein and Jersey cows breeds, grazing annual ryegrassinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisQuadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780560Z8Olivo, Clair Jorgehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783027J6Ribeiro Filho, Henrique Mendonça Nuneshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4799882P9Viegas, Juliohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782452P7Silveira, Vicente Celestino Pireshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784899Z0http://lattes.cnpq.br/9329334148909730Diefenbach, Jairo50040000000240030030030030030050087f7a696-584d-4ee4-ad83-13fd04320556e738bae4-4fb4-4fba-b2f2-4a18ee822c69dcc57586-782a-4983-a6a9-b47542d8de68ea1cd406-cceb-41e0-9fda-c300fe7b69d40f2478af-db45-4dc0-9d7d-88088849fd6b15c88432-a045-4ae1-9d42-0d66c8d6de2binfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALDIEFENBACH, JAIRO.pdfTese de Doutoradoapplication/pdf2003603http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4338/1/DIEFENBACH%2c%20JAIRO.pdfbe9550afc381e332fd242f242f5efeddMD51TEXTDIEFENBACH, JAIRO.pdf.txtDIEFENBACH, JAIRO.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain183226http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4338/2/DIEFENBACH%2c%20JAIRO.pdf.txta1f31d5fae08a484d87b1c4211f6e86bMD52THUMBNAILDIEFENBACH, JAIRO.pdf.jpgDIEFENBACH, JAIRO.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5098http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4338/3/DIEFENBACH%2c%20JAIRO.pdf.jpg04eee3773c2ee973d183f755f0f74775MD531/43382022-08-09 08:33:58.829oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/4338Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-08-09T11:33:58Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Production and milk quality of Holstein and Jersey cows breeds, grazing annual ryegrass |
title |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual |
spellingShingle |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual Diefenbach, Jairo Leite a pasto Persistência da lactação Curva de lactação Lolium multiflorum Raças de vacas leiteiras Constituintes do leite Suplementação Sistema de produção Milk pasture Persistency of lactation Lactation curve Lolium multiflorum Breeds of dairy cows Milk composition Supplementation Production system CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
title_short |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual |
title_full |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual |
title_fullStr |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual |
title_full_unstemmed |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual |
title_sort |
Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual |
author |
Diefenbach, Jairo |
author_facet |
Diefenbach, Jairo |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780560Z8 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Olivo, Clair Jorge |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783027J6 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Ribeiro Filho, Henrique Mendonça Nunes |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4799882P9 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Viegas, Julio |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782452P7 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Silveira, Vicente Celestino Pires |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784899Z0 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9329334148909730 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Diefenbach, Jairo |
contributor_str_mv |
Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de Olivo, Clair Jorge Ribeiro Filho, Henrique Mendonça Nunes Viegas, Julio Silveira, Vicente Celestino Pires |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Leite a pasto Persistência da lactação Curva de lactação Lolium multiflorum Raças de vacas leiteiras Constituintes do leite Suplementação Sistema de produção |
topic |
Leite a pasto Persistência da lactação Curva de lactação Lolium multiflorum Raças de vacas leiteiras Constituintes do leite Suplementação Sistema de produção Milk pasture Persistency of lactation Lactation curve Lolium multiflorum Breeds of dairy cows Milk composition Supplementation Production system CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Milk pasture Persistency of lactation Lactation curve Lolium multiflorum Breeds of dairy cows Milk composition Supplementation Production system |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
description |
This study evaluated the lactation curve shape, the yield and composition of milk from cows of Holstein and Jersey breeds grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, and aimed to analyze its response when subjected to grazing pasture herd consisting of two genotypes. The experiment was conducted from 08.18.2010 to 10.29.2010 and are used in total, eleven tester cows of each racial group and a variable number of regulator cows. The animals were managed in rotational grazing with variable stocking rate and were supplemented at a rate of 1 kg per 3 liters of milk produced above 15 liters / cow / day. Pasture management allowed similar grazing conditions between the two tested breeds and proved to be not limiting to pasture and animals production. Individual milking performance was measured once a week throughout experimental period. The visual body condition score (BCS, 1-5), was also registered weekly, and body weigh was measured monthly. The experimental design for pasture variables and for individual animal production was a randomized block design with replications in time, having been used stepwise proc (SAS, 2009) to test regression models. Only the supplement in the months August, September and October in analysis, besides individual productions corrected to 4% fat, day consuption in the months of August, September and October was considered in analysis, besides individual animal productions corrected to 4% fat, days in lactation period , body weights, BCS, number of lactations and age. Individual samples were taken by milking in September and October, and analyzed for the following milk components: fat, protein, lactose, water, acidity, freezing point, density, and computed total dry extract (TDE) and defatted dry extract (DDE). The statistical analysis for milk components was randomized complete blocks with triple factorial arrangement for breeds (2), periods (2), and stages of lactation (4). ANOVA was performed by GLM (SAS, 2009) and multivariate analysis, through Software Multiv (Pillar, 1997), using the correlation between variables as a measure of similarity, and clustering criteria was the least variance of sum of squares Jersey exceeded Holstein (P <0.005) for fat (%) lactose (%) and protein (%); Holstein was exceeding Jersey (P <0.0001) for fat (kg), protein (kg) and TDE ( kg). Correlation studies showed a clear difference in the degree of association between genotypes for dry matter intake of feed, with lower association for Jersey genotype, Holtstein presented a higher and consistent dependence of intake throughout the experimental period, coinciding with pasture cycle. This trend may indicate greater efficiency of Jersey genotype in the use of pastures of high quality, obtained in the initial pasture phases. The regression studies indicated that supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in September explained 65.69% of milk production for Holstein breed, and supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in October explained 55.73% of milk production of Jersey breed. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2012-02-29 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-07-04 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-07-04 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
DIEFENBACH, Jairo. Production and milk quality of Holstein and Jersey cows breeds, grazing annual ryegrass. 2012. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4338 |
identifier_str_mv |
DIEFENBACH, Jairo. Production and milk quality of Holstein and Jersey cows breeds, grazing annual ryegrass. 2012. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4338 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
500400000002 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
400 300 300 300 300 300 500 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
87f7a696-584d-4ee4-ad83-13fd04320556 e738bae4-4fb4-4fba-b2f2-4a18ee822c69 dcc57586-782a-4983-a6a9-b47542d8de68 ea1cd406-cceb-41e0-9fda-c300fe7b69d4 0f2478af-db45-4dc0-9d7d-88088849fd6b 15c88432-a045-4ae1-9d42-0d66c8d6de2b |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
BR |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Zootecnia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4338/1/DIEFENBACH%2c%20JAIRO.pdf http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4338/2/DIEFENBACH%2c%20JAIRO.pdf.txt http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4338/3/DIEFENBACH%2c%20JAIRO.pdf.jpg |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
be9550afc381e332fd242f242f5efedd a1f31d5fae08a484d87b1c4211f6e86b 04eee3773c2ee973d183f755f0f74775 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1793240157961322496 |