Aeroporto e desenvolvimento regional: uma análise para as microrregiões brasileiras de 2004 a 2017

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Brighenti, Gustavo Machado [UNIFESP]
• Orientador(a): Araujo, Veneziano de Castro [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• dARK ID: ark:/48912/001300002f836
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo
• Palavras-chave em Português: Transporte aéreo; Crescimento econômico; Impacto microrregional; Air transport; Economic growth; Micro-regional impact
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/11600/65132

Regional air transport underwent great expansion between 2004 and 2017 in Brazil. This expressive growth raised a series of questions about the relationship and the causal effects between these airports and the socioeconomic development in countries of continental dimensions. This research aims to fill this gap in the literature. The general objective of this study is to verify the economic impact in the microregions generated by the typical activities of regional airports. This empirical analysis was structured for a panel data at the microregional level, on air transport and economic performance for the years 2004 to 2017. The results of Granger's causality tests corroborated the notion of a bidirectional relationship between the variables, which goes from air transport to economic growth, and vice versa. Although the theoretical and empirical relations between the two indicators have been assumed in previous studies, little is known about the dynamics of these relations in the regional and remote context of airports, especially in countries of continental dimensions such as Brazil. The results of the Fixed Effects and GMM-system estimates for regional aviation models indicate that the growth of air transport would stimulate economic growth. Conversely, the results reflect the notion that economic growth, at the micro-regional level, is an indicator of the amount of activity in the air transport sector. Population density, the labor market and economic openness are also related to a greater or lesser extent for this set of models analyzed. In this way, air transport plays an important role in promoting micro-regional economic performance, in the regional and remote context of airports in Brazil.