Própolis na dieta de abelhas Apis mellifera L. e seu efeito no sistema imune, expressão de genes após o desafio bacteriano e detoxificação frente ao agroquímico fipronil

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Edison Antonio de [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Genic expression; Gene transcription; Honey bees; Immunity; Real time PCR; Collapse; Detoxification; Pesticide; Phenylpyrazoles; Pollinators; PCR tempo real; Fenilpirazois; Abelhas melíferas; Expressão gênica; Imunidade; Transcrição gênica; Colapso; Detoxificação; Inseticida; Polinizadores
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132422

INFLUENCE OF PROPOLIS CONSUMPTION IN GENES EXPRESSION RELATED TO IMMUNE SYSTEM OF Apis mellifera L. BEES SUBJECTED TO CHALLENGE BACTERIA. The Apis mellifera bees may be subject to a number of threats as parasites and pathogens that affect your immune system. This fact makes it necessary to look for natural products that can contribute to improving the immune system of these insects such as propolis. Given the above, the objective was to analyze the influence of the supply of propolis in gene expressions related to immunity of Apis mellifera L. bees subjected to bacterial challenge Over 30 days, four hives receive weekly treatments with different percentages of alcoholic extract of propolis 30% (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%). The experiment was randomized in a factorial 4 x 2 x 2x 3 (treatments x with or without bacteria x times x periods), totaling 48 samples. It was observed the expressions of abaecin, hymenoptaecin, apidaecin and defensing1 genes. As internal control was used actin gene. The results were compared by ANOVA followed by Tukey test (P <0.05). Alterations were observed in gene expression of bees studied for all periods and treatments before and after bacterial challenge for all proposed genes, were yet verified inductions of relative expression in the three periods. It is concluded that under the conditions of this study, propolis can induce the relative expression of genes abaecin, hymenoptaecin, apidaecin and defensin1, when subjected to bacterial challenge. However, it is not able to characterize a treatment with propolis presenting greater relative expression for all genes simultaneously. EFFECT OF PROPOLIS CONSUMPTION IN THE BEHAVIORAL CHANGES AND MORTALITY OF Apis mellifera L. BEES SUBMITTED TO PESTICIDE FIPRONIL. Pesticides pose the greatest direct risk for pollinators such as Apis mellifera bees, responsible for reducing bee populations and beekeeping, making it necessary to search for substances that can contribute to improving the health of these bees, such as propolis. Given this, the study found the effect of propolis alcoholic extract consumption behavior when subjected to DL50(0.2 µg/bee) and sublethal (1/500 DL50), and mortality of Apis mellifera L. bees submitted to different doses of the insecticide fipronil (0,05; 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 µg/bee). Four colonies were used, one for each treatment (0, 5, 10 and 15% inclusion of propolis), and in three periods (0,15 and 30 days) to determine the effect of the treatments throughout the experiment. To the achievement of mortality and behavioral changes tests the foraging bees from treated hives were selected. For the mortality test, the data were analyzed in generalized linear mixed model, added the Tukey test (P <0.05) and the analysis of the assessment of behavioral activities was made by (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test (P <0.05). Beehives who consumed propolis have a lower mortality rate compared to the hive control (0%), except on day 0 that the hive control did not differ from treatment 10%. It was also found that the hive that received treatment 10% was among the lowest mortality rates in the fifteenth and thirtieth collection day. Furthermore, the observed mortality was 23% in bees when subjected to LD50. In tests of locomotor and behavioral changes were observed influences of treatments with propolis. It concludes that, for this study, propolis influenced the mortality rate and may have promoted a protective effect on bees Apis mellifera L. when subjected to different concentrations of the insecticide fipronil, and also, that the treatment 10% was effective due to having presented the lowest mortality rates in the 15 and 30. However, treatments with propolis did not influence the behavioral and motor changes.