Estudo da viabilidade da extração do óleo de semente de babaçu por extração em banho ultrassônico utilizando solventes orgânicos

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Yaekashi, Karolina Sanches
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná; Ponta Grossa; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; UTFPR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Óleos vegetais; Óleo de babaçu; Solventes; Extração (Química); Cromatografia a gás; Espectrofotometria; Vegetable oils; Babaçu oil; Solvents; Extraction (Chemistry); Gas chromatography; Spectrophotometry; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA; Engenharia Química
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/35622

Orbignya speciosa or phalerata (babaçu) is an oilseed plant of economic importance. The structure of the babaçu fruit is similar to that of a coconut, consisting of four parts: epicarp, mesocarp, endocarp, and the seed, which contains about 60% oil. The main component of this oil is lauric acid, which is primarily responsible for the antiviral, antifungal, and bactericidal activities of babaçu oil. Babaçu oil is a vegetable oil used in the food industry, as well as in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. The aim of this study was to extract the oil from the babaçu seed using a green extraction method, the ultrasonic bath, using hexane and other less toxic organic solvents such as ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and ethanol. After extraction, the kinetic curve of the process was determined to define the necessary time to reach saturation, with the identified time considered optimal for the process. The composition in terms of fatty acids was determined by gas chromatography. The antioxidant activity was analyzed according to an adapted method for free radical capture by ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometry. This method is based on the capture of the DPPH radical (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) by antioxidants, leading to a decrease in absorbance. After interpreting and correlating the results, it was possible to evaluate that the oils obtained using ethyl acetate, ethanol, and isopropanol showed similar results when compared to the oil obtained with the hexane solvent, demonstrating that it is possible to replace hexane with a less toxic solvent.