Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil
Ano de defesa: | 2018 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | , , |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso embargado |
Idioma: | eng |
Instituição de defesa: |
Cranfield University
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Link de acesso: | http://www.repositorio.mar.mil.br/handle/ripcmb/843841 |
Resumo: | The use of explosives is likely to contaminate soil and groundwater during military training. New insensitive explosive formulations including Insensitive High Explosives (IHEs) are being brought into service as replacements for conventional explosives with the aim to increase 2 safety in handling, transportation and use . Studies on transport of those new formulations are needed since their impact and possible damages to the environment are not well understood. Evaluation on transport through two UK soil types including sand and loam soil was carried out in six vertical s oil columns which were artificially contaminated with Insensitive High Explosive (IHE) formulation containing 3 - nitro - 1,2,4 - triazol - 5 - one (NTO), 2,4 dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 1,3,5 - t rinitro - 1,3,5 - triazinane (RDX) . The columns were watered for six consecutive weeks and t he watering regime was equivalent to the average yearly in England Southwest and South Wales rainfall. The water leachate collected during the six - week experiment was analysed by using High Performance Liquid Chromat ography (HPLC) . Both soil types showed different breakthrough time in the leachate for all IHE components . The accumulated percentage of recovered explosives from sand column leachates we re 99.08 ±17.55 for NTO, 18.98 ± 4.14 for DNAN over a 6 - week period . In contrast, loam soil showed a different behaviour of recovering from leachates. The accumulated percentage of recover ing for NTO w as 0.16 ± 0.07 , 0.64 ± 0.01 and 2.25 ± .75 for DNAN and RDX respect i vel y . Th e results show ed that the soil characteristics affect the transport of explosive through soil rat her than the solubility , suggesting degradation of NTO and DNAN in soil with higher organic content . At the end of the experiments a full mass balance was carried by break ing down the columns and extract ing any remaining contaminants by shaking to ensure everything was accounted for. |
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Temple, TraceyMai, NathalieLadyman, MelissaPaula, Priscila Simões Teixeira AmaralTemple, TraceyMai, NathalieLadyman, Melissa2019-04-29T16:44:03Z2019-04-29T16:44:03Z2018http://www.repositorio.mar.mil.br/handle/ripcmb/843841The use of explosives is likely to contaminate soil and groundwater during military training. New insensitive explosive formulations including Insensitive High Explosives (IHEs) are being brought into service as replacements for conventional explosives with the aim to increase 2 safety in handling, transportation and use . Studies on transport of those new formulations are needed since their impact and possible damages to the environment are not well understood. Evaluation on transport through two UK soil types including sand and loam soil was carried out in six vertical s oil columns which were artificially contaminated with Insensitive High Explosive (IHE) formulation containing 3 - nitro - 1,2,4 - triazol - 5 - one (NTO), 2,4 dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 1,3,5 - t rinitro - 1,3,5 - triazinane (RDX) . The columns were watered for six consecutive weeks and t he watering regime was equivalent to the average yearly in England Southwest and South Wales rainfall. The water leachate collected during the six - week experiment was analysed by using High Performance Liquid Chromat ography (HPLC) . Both soil types showed different breakthrough time in the leachate for all IHE components . The accumulated percentage of recovered explosives from sand column leachates we re 99.08 ±17.55 for NTO, 18.98 ± 4.14 for DNAN over a 6 - week period . In contrast, loam soil showed a different behaviour of recovering from leachates. The accumulated percentage of recover ing for NTO w as 0.16 ± 0.07 , 0.64 ± 0.01 and 2.25 ± .75 for DNAN and RDX respect i vel y . Th e results show ed that the soil characteristics affect the transport of explosive through soil rat her than the solubility , suggesting degradation of NTO and DNAN in soil with higher organic content . At the end of the experiments a full mass balance was carried by break ing down the columns and extract ing any remaining contaminants by shaking to ensure everything was accounted for.engCranfield UniversityEngenharia navalExplosivosTransporte ambientalEnvironmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisEnglandinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Produção Científica da Marinha do Brasil (RI-MB)instname:Marinha do Brasil (MB)instacron:MBripcmb/8438412022-09-23 17:06:32.941oai:www.repositorio.mar.mil.br:ripcmb/843841Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.repositorio.mar.mil.br/oai/requestdphdm.repositorio@marinha.mil.bropendoar:2024-03-20T14:15:05.344584Repositório Institucional da Produção Científica da Marinha do Brasil (RI-MB) - Marinha do Brasil (MB)false |
dc.title.en_US.fl_str_mv |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil |
title |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil |
spellingShingle |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil Paula, Priscila Simões Teixeira Amaral Explosivos Transporte ambiental Engenharia naval |
title_short |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil |
title_full |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil |
title_fullStr |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil |
title_sort |
Environmental transport studies of components of an insensitive high explosive formulation in soil |
author |
Paula, Priscila Simões Teixeira Amaral |
author_facet |
Paula, Priscila Simões Teixeira Amaral |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Temple, Tracey Mai, Nathalie Ladyman, Melissa |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Paula, Priscila Simões Teixeira Amaral |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Temple, Tracey Mai, Nathalie Ladyman, Melissa |
contributor_str_mv |
Temple, Tracey Mai, Nathalie Ladyman, Melissa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Explosivos Transporte ambiental |
topic |
Explosivos Transporte ambiental Engenharia naval |
dc.subject.dgpm.none.fl_str_mv |
Engenharia naval |
description |
The use of explosives is likely to contaminate soil and groundwater during military training. New insensitive explosive formulations including Insensitive High Explosives (IHEs) are being brought into service as replacements for conventional explosives with the aim to increase 2 safety in handling, transportation and use . Studies on transport of those new formulations are needed since their impact and possible damages to the environment are not well understood. Evaluation on transport through two UK soil types including sand and loam soil was carried out in six vertical s oil columns which were artificially contaminated with Insensitive High Explosive (IHE) formulation containing 3 - nitro - 1,2,4 - triazol - 5 - one (NTO), 2,4 dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 1,3,5 - t rinitro - 1,3,5 - triazinane (RDX) . The columns were watered for six consecutive weeks and t he watering regime was equivalent to the average yearly in England Southwest and South Wales rainfall. The water leachate collected during the six - week experiment was analysed by using High Performance Liquid Chromat ography (HPLC) . Both soil types showed different breakthrough time in the leachate for all IHE components . The accumulated percentage of recovered explosives from sand column leachates we re 99.08 ±17.55 for NTO, 18.98 ± 4.14 for DNAN over a 6 - week period . In contrast, loam soil showed a different behaviour of recovering from leachates. The accumulated percentage of recover ing for NTO w as 0.16 ± 0.07 , 0.64 ± 0.01 and 2.25 ± .75 for DNAN and RDX respect i vel y . Th e results show ed that the soil characteristics affect the transport of explosive through soil rat her than the solubility , suggesting degradation of NTO and DNAN in soil with higher organic content . At the end of the experiments a full mass balance was carried by break ing down the columns and extract ing any remaining contaminants by shaking to ensure everything was accounted for. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2018 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-04-29T16:44:03Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2019-04-29T16:44:03Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://www.repositorio.mar.mil.br/handle/ripcmb/843841 |
url |
http://www.repositorio.mar.mil.br/handle/ripcmb/843841 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
embargoedAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cranfield University |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cranfield University |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da Produção Científica da Marinha do Brasil (RI-MB) instname:Marinha do Brasil (MB) instacron:MB |
instname_str |
Marinha do Brasil (MB) |
instacron_str |
MB |
institution |
MB |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da Produção Científica da Marinha do Brasil (RI-MB) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da Produção Científica da Marinha do Brasil (RI-MB) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da Produção Científica da Marinha do Brasil (RI-MB) - Marinha do Brasil (MB) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dphdm.repositorio@marinha.mil.br |
_version_ |
1794067774233903104 |