Marxismo e a crítica à teologia jurídico-política

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Alex Gonçalves dos
• Orientador(a): Barbosa, Jonnefer Francisco
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Filosofia
• Departamento: Faculdade de Filosofia, Comunicação, Letras e Artes
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Direito; Estado; Teologia; Política; Religião
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: The Law; The State; Theology; Politics; Religion
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/29521

The present essay seeks to delve deeper into the relationship between The Law and its parallels with legal theology, based on the reflections of the works of Marx, Benjamin, and Pachukanis, along with the legal-philosophical conception of the development of The Law’s establishment within capitalist society. The purpose was to demonstrate the limits of legal practice in designing the capitalist society, to delimit this technical practice as a mechanism for the maintenance of the society of capital and all its predatory behaviors intertwined with the religious conceptions of modern Western society. The study has three distinct parts: The first presents the hypothesis of the methodological structure of the research, using as its primary source the reflections of Marx and Engels on the concrete method of social life; Followed by the co-working of Benjamin with the philosopher Giorgio Agamben in the theological debate of The Law, of capitalism as a theological and bureaucratic religion in the democratic State of law; As for the third and final part, we present Pachukanis and his unique contribution to legal thinking in Marxist ideology, with the reflection on The Law and how the social model is used as a supposed suspension of the democratic way for the preservation of its Capital mechanism, of the subject of law, and ultimately, the individual of commercial law. We have synthesized the analysis in the legal-philosophical currents, mainly the positivist or neo positivist and the critical theory, outlining our Marxist proposition to social history in the structural inquiry of society, highlighting that this form of democratic State of the society of capital is a theological, juridical, bureaucratic and violent capitalist form. Proving that another use of the law is necessary, a different one, the complete deactivation of this one which perpetuates an exploratory, violent, vile, and cruel cycle, using many different resources for the maintenance of its way of existing, making use of different traditions for the reproduction of the divine essence of sacred capitalism