Corpo e afeto em Alemanha ano zero, de Roberto Rossellini: rendilhando cartografias

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Roque, Isabel Rebelo
• Orientador(a): Pinheiro, José Amálio de Branco
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Comunicação e Semiótica
• Departamento: Faculdade de Filosofia, Comunicação, Letras e Artes
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cinema; Corpo; Infância
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Rossellini, Roberto [1906-1977] - Crítica e interpretação; Body; Childhood; Rossellini, Roberto [1906-1977] - Criticism and interpretation
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::COMUNICACAO
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/23168

This study focuses on Germany, year zero, a 1948 film cowritten, produced, and directed by the Italian film-maker Roberto Rossellini and regarded as a representative artwork of the Italian neorealism. The piece integrates the so called “trilogy of war”, preceded by Rome, open city (1945) and Paisà (1946). In contrast to the previous productions, this film has received much less attention from the audience and the critics. Based on specialized literature and film analysis, we provide an aesthetic cartography and an ethical cartography to the wanders and meetings of the protagonist, Edmund, a twelve year-old boy who struggles to survive among the rubbles of a Berlin devastated by war, until his unexpected suicide. The film’s aesthetic cartography is revealed in the course of the horizontality of the sequence planes (but also in moments of verticality), in the first planes, in the use of lights and shadows, in the mise-en-scène, in the constant wander of the protagonist, in the use of optic and sound images, which, according to Deleuze, is placed among the neorealist legacy, and in the casting direction that highlights a notorious expressionlessness. The affect cartography, or ethical cartography, arises as an interweaving that merges the aesthetic aspects whilst evoking Spinozism concepts that underlies the idea of ethics as “mode of being”. Through the understanding of Edmund’s body as a speech and based on the assembly of the aforementioned cartographies, the goal is to investigate what that body communicates. Our study aims at defining and exploring aspects attached to the body-time-space relationship, as well as evoking an ethical sense from Spinoza’s point of view. What does Edmund’s body tell us? Our hypothesis is that the “speech” of his body is even more eloquent when it is not saying: Edmund’s body does not act; it reacts instead. Consequently, at certain moments, we have the impression of staring at an expressionless look, such as an automaton’s. As a foreign in his own country, Edmund is nowhere, in a non-childhood. Hence his vulnerability to everything he sees and listens. It’s a saturated, drifted body, which finds place neither among adults or younger and older children. Just before meeting death, this body finally gives itself to games, amusements, and a placeless childhood. As a secondary objective, we tried to make arise from this interweaving, even though its end of apparent hopelessness, what Rossellini claimed to be his intention: bequeath to the cinema an art workpiece of deep love to life as potency and invention of other worlds