Os limites da responsabilização dos sócios nas sociedades limitadas diante da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica e da avaliação das quotas sociais: um estudo à luz da filosofia e da teoria geral do direito e das consequências no direito trabalhista, no direito tributário e na recuperação judicial e falência

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Yunes, Lutfe Mohamed
• Orientador(a): Almeida, Marcus Elidius Michelli de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Direito
• Departamento: Faculdade de Direito
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Avaliação de quotas; Ativismo judicial; Desconsideração da personalidade jurídica; Direito societário; Filosofia e teoria geral do direito
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Evaluation of membership interests; Judicial activism; Disregard of legal personality; Corporate law; Philosophy and general theory of law
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/39391

A person himself/herself, under the current applicable legislation (corporate type of sole proprietorship), or a simple or corporate limited liability company with two or more persons (established as a legal entity) with the purpose of providing services, trading products or act in industry business, aiming to obtain and distribute profits, whose production assets and economy are organized based in the constitutional principles of free enterprise and economic and social justice, under the rule-based democracy, must serve to protect his/her partners from the obligations assumed by the legal entity itself. The legal entity, based on its equity, in principle its net worth, must respond solely and exclusively for negotiable and non-negotiable obligations, based on due process of law also considering the legal exceptions for this situation. Thus, given proven exceptions, the disregard of the legal personality, if applied, could lead to the lato sensu liability of these partners, up to the limit of their membership interest (art. 1,052 of Civil Code /2002). However, part of the judicial branch, more specifically in the labor area, in contrast to what happens in the tax areas and under the Judicial Reorganization and Bankruptcy Law, has been admitting the liability of the partners, for the application of the disregard of the legal personality, within a movement that can be called judicial activism. On this matter, legal practitioners must understand the dynamics of the reasons for this movement, which takes place especially in higher courts, from the roots of philosophy and the general theory of law. The latter ones are based on Saint Thomas Aquinas’s works, mainly the part that deals with the Essence of Laws – Question. XC. – Saint Thomas Aquinas – Summa Theologica – v. IV – and Montesquieu, in The Spirit of the Laws – Book XI – “On the laws that form political freedom in their constitution” The objective is to understand, based on those frameworks, if Brazilian Society is moving towards a haven or chaos in regard to legal security. This is so, since the law, distorted in its essence in one of its parts and even in its whole, can be an instrument of power and manipulation in the hands of a few and many times, applied in favor of fulfilling interests that do not always aim the common good