As diásporas chinesas e o Brasil: a comunidade sino-brasileira em São Paulo

• Ano de defesa: 2008
• Autor(a) principal: Véras, Daniel Bicudo
• Orientador(a): Chaia, Miguel Wady
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Sociais
• Departamento: Ciências Sociais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: China; Imigração; Diáspora; Cultura; São Paulo; Asiaticos > Diaspora; Chineses > Emigracao e imigracao > Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Immigration; Culture
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/3954

This research aims to understand the Chinese diaspora, particularly in Brazil. Also, to analyze the transformations that this immigration triggered in Brazilian society. About 35 million overseas Chinese are estimated to have settled in nearly 150 countries. Brazil is the home of approximately 200,000 overseas Chinese. Thus, we seek to identify the compelling factors for the emigration of Chinese population, highlighting its cultural multiplicity, political divergences, in addition to understand the factors for attracting people from all over the world towards Brazil. This, besides allowing a better view of the displacement of population, economic policy and globalization, allows the identification of relations between this global framework and the composition of Brazilian society. In this society, it also defines the complexity of the identity. Taking into account that, for historical reasons, Brazil and China have been in permanent contact, there are three basic hypotheses: 1) Internally, in China there are economic, political, cultural and demographic factors that compel part of its population to leave; 2) Brazil, in turn, for the development of its market, becomes a pole of attraction for people from all over the world, including the Chinese; 3) Analyzing the Chinese diaspora and their presence in São Paulo leads to a view of the meeting between East and West, as well as the redefinition of the Chinese culture among Sino-Brazilians. The Brazilian society, in turn, is also modified by the new influence. The methodology consisted of historical and theoretical literature research, in addition to documents (statistics from the Brazilian government and other sources) and information from the press. Moreover, the files of São Paulo s Museum of Immigration, from 1997 to 2003, contains interviews with Chinese living in Brazil. Furthermore, we performed five in-depth interviews with Chinese immigrants in São Paulo, in 2006. We sought interviewees from different origins, so that their profile would reflect, even precariously, the diaspora s multiplicity. The interviewees talk about the issues listed on the hypotheses above. The research was also enriched by informal conversations with Brazilians and Chinese, collection of photographs, gathering of documents, and visits to places where the Chinese influence would be visible in São Paulo city and the surroundings. Meetings and celebrations in the Sino-Brazilian community have been registered. For the data analysis concerning the conceptualizing of diaspora, theoretical references by Stuart Hall, Adam McKeown and others, have been taken into account. Abdelmalek Sayad s works were important in the issue of the immigrant condition. Karl Marx s concept of industrial reserve army , as well as Paul Singer s and Herbert Klein s theories had fundamental roles in explaining population movements. The thoughts of Jeffrey Lesser on the construction of a new Brazilian identity, to include also Asians and descendants, should be highlighted. About the Chinese s adaptation in the Brazilian society, theories of Sigmund Freud, Eric Hobsbawn, Edward Said and others had a guiding role in the reflection. About certain thought differences between East and West, we resorted to Tom Chung s and François Jullien s works. Among many particular findings, it can be also said that the research hypotheses were confirmed