Relações entre audibilidade e as habilidades de linguagem em crianças com deficiência auditiva

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Regiane Silva
• Orientador(a): Novaes, Beatriz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Caiuby
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Comunicação Humana e Saúde
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e da Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Percepção de fala; Inteligibilidade da fala; Perda auditiva; Criança; Audição
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Speech perception; Speech intelligibility; Hearing loss; Child; Hearing
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FONOAUDIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/32226

The literature points out that vocabulary is linked to speech perception, considering that the individual is dependent on good discrimination to have access to information. In children with hearing loss, obstacles distance them from typical development, reflecting on the gap in auditory skills generated by stimulus deprivation, leaving them below expectations, making it difficult to equate their results to a child with normal hearing. The auditory perception and the development of the repertoire in these cases are directly influenced by the consistent use of the devices, with significant repercussions on the development in early childhood. Objective: To analyze the role of audibility for speech sounds in auditory perception and language development and to identify how consistency in device use can interfere in this process. Method: The procedures were performed at CeAC/Derdic/PUCSP. Speech Intelligibility Indexes (SII) were established for input sounds of 55 and 65 dBNPS of 29 children with sensorineural hearing loss who use hearing aids bilaterally and have oral language. They were submitted to the task of repetition of words with and without meaning in two different intensities (55 and 65 dBNPS) and to the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test – PPVT for the study of one of the vocabulary aspects. In data analysis, the SII was related to the results obtained in each analysis criterion. Results: The percentage of correct answers in all lists was not related to SII 65dB, probably because almost all children had SII65dB ≥ 64%. In the SII55dB, the group of children with SII 55 dB ≥ 64% had a higherpercentage of correct answers, when compared to children in the SII 55 dB < 64% group,in all considered lists. The group with Peabody ≥ 85 has more hits in the lists and tend tohave more correct word hits in the lists. The group of children with SII 55dB ≥ 64% are more frequent among those with worse hearing aid use consistency (less than 8hours/day). Conclusion: For children with moderate hearing loss, the SII at 55dB is moresensitive to assess auditory perception for speech in hearing aid users. Children with SII55dB lower than 64% make more consistent use of hearing aids. Although there was nosignificant relationship between SII 65dB and 55 dB with vocabulary skills, the group witha standard score on the PPVT ≥ 85 had a higher accuracy of words in the lists presentedin 65dBNPs, highlighting that the type of loss and the configuration influence in the performance of these children. Further research is needed to determine the audibility limits for speech sounds with a view to improving family orientation processes with the aim of greater consistency in the use of the device