Modelos matemáticos para dispersão de poluentes : análise temporal da dispersão de esgotos descartados em trechos urbanos do rio Capibaribe

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Melo, Ridelson Tavares de
• Orientador(a): Lima, Emerson Alexandre de Oliveira
• Banca de defesa: Fernandes, Sérgio Murilo Maciel , Dantas, Carlos Costa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Pernambuco
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Desenvolvimento de Processos Ambientais
• Departamento: Desenvolvimento de Processos Ambientais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: modelos matemáticos; água - poluição; simulação (computadores); água - purificação; saneamento; dissertações
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: mathematical models; water - pollution; computer simulation; water - purification; sanitation; dissertations
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/612

It is undeniable that the advancement of technology and industrial development comes from this bring many benefits to humanity, especially with regard to improvement in quality of life of the general population. Indeed, such advances are such present in modern life that it is difficult to imagine life without some of these, such as electricity and water widely available, sanitation and distribution systems and transportation.While most of the human population is distributed in large urban centers, the growing demand for non-renewable resources such as water and energy seems to be a global trend in the short term and irrevocable. Even in agricultural centers, the introduction of mechanization and practices such as irrigation extend the speed of growth of demand for these resources.Moreover, the overall picture does not appear promising since, to meet growing demand from a growing human population also more than six billion people, you can count on only 0.02% of available water on the planet: that which is in direct use of scenarios such as rivers, lakes and underground reservoirs affordable.To make the situation even worse, consider is the fact that the same overall picture indicates strong growth in the rate of degradation generating, so influenced mainly by new realities weather also imposed by human action, a growing scarcity of the resource.ln this context, Brazil is the only one time, a privileged position and risk with respect to global scenario. Indeed, Brazil has 12 river basin having one of the largest global availability of drinking water or easy treatment, however, given that the rate of urbanization in some of these basins be over 90% and that less than 20% of urban domestic sewage passes through some type of treatment before final disposal in a river or the ocean, such basins are being rapidly degraded and, in a few years, some of them may become viable for human consumption or agricultural use.Thus, the main problems to be addressed by mechanisms for management of water resources are: The subsequent degradation and pollution of water available in different river basins and the management of competition for appeal.Mathematical models suitable for modeling real dynamic systems can contribute as a tool for decision-making measures that regarded water quality. The improvement of mathematical models in urban hydrology, contributes to the reduction of uncertainties in the diagnostic studies of existing systems, design and dimensioning of solutions to pollution. Given therefore that the major cause of pollution direct a spring water flows from the improper disposal of urban waste health, this research project aims to carry out the mathematical modeling of such Descartes allowing the generation of various scenarios and development based on these scenarios, public policies for managing water, the level of pollution control and generation of acts of violation. This model should be immediately applicable - and even be calibrated by data from the historical series of measurements available on the consultation CPRH - to specific parts of the water system composed of the urban sections of rivers Beberibe and Capibaribe in excerpts to be selected by criteria described over design