Avaliação genotípica e fenotípica de cepas de Staphylococcus ssp. isoladas em hospitais do Distrito Federal no período de 2009 a 2016

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Araújo, Rômulo Leles da Silva
• Orientador(a): Dias, Simoni Campos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Brasília
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Stricto Sensu em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia
• Departamento: Escola de Saúde e Medicina
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: MRSA; Staphylococcus; Caracterização genotípica
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Genotypic characterization
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
• Resumo em Inglês: The genus Staphylococcus has 36 species and several subspecies, being S. aureus, species of greater clinical interest. For even if it belongs to the human's microbiota, this microorganism, when it can penetrate the tissues due to trauma, injury or low immunity, can develop asymptomatic infections or even serious infections. The vast majority of strains of this genus have resistance against the most different types of antibiotics, which has become a concern from the clinical and control point of these bacteria. Methicillin-resistant strains are called MRSA and can become multi-resistant to other antibiotics, making treatment difficult and costly. The phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the strains is of paramount importance for the knowledge of resistance genes and pathogenicity molecules in order to aid the control as well as the cost of the treatment. In this work, 31 strains of Staphylococcus ssp. belonging to the bacterioteca of the Central Laboratory of Public Health of the Federal District. The phenotypic characterization was performed in a manual and automated way, being carried out tests for identification of the species through analysis of biochemical tests and characterization of resistance profile by antibiogram. The genotypic characterization was performed using molecular tests by multiplex PCR, where the presence of mecA and lukF/S genes was analyzed. For the strains whose result was positive for the mecA gene, the staphylococcal chromosome cassettes (SCCmec) were typed. The results of this study confirm the conclusions made by other authors, where they observed that MRSA strains in addition to being resistant to beta-lactams, showed resistance to other antibiotics (eg clindamycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim). In this study, 72% of the mecA-positive strains (MRSA and SCN) were identified as SCCmec I or II, suggesting that these infections were contracted in the hospital environment, and 28% of MRSA strains were identified as SCCmec type IV, suggesting that such infections originate in the Community environment. The lukF / S gene was present in 3 samples, all containing the SCCmec IV, confirming the studies of several authors, reporting the production of PVL in strains of community origin.
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2562

The genus Staphylococcus has 36 species and several subspecies, being S. aureus, species of greater clinical interest. For even if it belongs to the human's microbiota, this microorganism, when it can penetrate the tissues due to trauma, injury or low immunity, can develop asymptomatic infections or even serious infections. The vast majority of strains of this genus have resistance against the most different types of antibiotics, which has become a concern from the clinical and control point of these bacteria. Methicillin-resistant strains are called MRSA and can become multi-resistant to other antibiotics, making treatment difficult and costly. The phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the strains is of paramount importance for the knowledge of resistance genes and pathogenicity molecules in order to aid the control as well as the cost of the treatment. In this work, 31 strains of Staphylococcus ssp. belonging to the bacterioteca of the Central Laboratory of Public Health of the Federal District. The phenotypic characterization was performed in a manual and automated way, being carried out tests for identification of the species through analysis of biochemical tests and characterization of resistance profile by antibiogram. The genotypic characterization was performed using molecular tests by multiplex PCR, where the presence of mecA and lukF/S genes was analyzed. For the strains whose result was positive for the mecA gene, the staphylococcal chromosome cassettes (SCCmec) were typed. The results of this study confirm the conclusions made by other authors, where they observed that MRSA strains in addition to being resistant to beta-lactams, showed resistance to other antibiotics (eg clindamycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim). In this study, 72% of the mecA-positive strains (MRSA and SCN) were identified as SCCmec I or II, suggesting that these infections were contracted in the hospital environment, and 28% of MRSA strains were identified as SCCmec type IV, suggesting that such infections originate in the Community environment. The lukF / S gene was present in 3 samples, all containing the SCCmec IV, confirming the studies of several authors, reporting the production of PVL in strains of community origin.