Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil
Ano de defesa: | 2012 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana
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Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Doutorado Acad?mico em Bot?nica
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Departamento: |
DEPARTAMENTO DE CI?NCIAS BIOL?GICAS
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País: |
Brasil
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Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/handle/tede/1037 |
Resumo: | The thesis aims to contribute to the knowledge of Brazilian Dry Forests, still little studied, as much with regard to their floristic composition as to their structure. The present work, in considering Brazilian Dry Forests, follows the classification of IBGE and aims to test the hypothesis that, in spite of occurring in various regions of Brazil, the Brazilian Dry Forests show a low degree of floristic affinity, when comparing those from different regions, such as those at the borders of the Caatinga of the North-east with those from the West of Maranh?o, the Cerrados of the Centre-West of Brazil or southern Brazil. Comparative studies on the floristic composition of Dry Forest were carried out in ten selected sites, where the focus was also on environmental aspects. Fieldwork was completed between 2002 and 2010 in the following areas: 1. Parque Estadual do Turvo ? RS; 2. Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo ? SP; 3. Planalto Conquistense ? BA; 4. Serra de Montes Altos ? BA; 5. - Parque Nacional da Serra das Confus?es - PI; 6. Parque Estadual Prof. Vasconcelos Sobrinho ? PE; 7. Reserva Biol?gica Pedra Talhada ? AL; 8. Parque Estadual Terra Ronca ? GO; 9. Parque Estadual dos Pirineus ? GO; 10. Reserva Extrativista do CIRIACO - MA. The phytosociological study was carried out in areas where the vegetation was least disturbed. 15 parcels of 30 ? 10 m were chosen at walking random and all individuals with a circumference at breast height ? 20 cm were numbered, characterized and their height and circumference measured. Herbarium material was also collected for future identification. The following phytosociological parameters were recorded: Cover value (VC), Dominance (Do), Density (D) and Basal area (AB). The diversity of the Dry Forests was evaluated, using species number, floristic similarity and Shannon?s, Pielou?s and Simpson?s diversity indices, as well as the proportion between the number of species and number of individuals (sp/ni). From binary and species abundances matrices in the 10 Dry Forests studied, multivariate analyses of classification and ordination were carried out, as well as phytogeographic analyses, which also considered the influence of environmental factors. Historical factors such as glaciations and emergence of the continental platform were also considered in relation to the evolution of dry forests in Brazil. In all, 756 species in 243 genera and 82 families were recorded, with the Leguminosae representing 21% of the total species, Myrtaceae 9.5%, Rubiaceae 4.2%, Lauraceae 3.7%, Annonaceae 3.3% and Euphorbiaceae 3.3%. Considering all the forests together, the mean tree height was 9.6 m and the mode 7 m, with 87% of the dominant component between 6 and 15 m high, the D mean being 1,224 live individuals/ha., the AB mean 27 m2/ha, the H? mean 3.9, sp/ni mean 0.2 and richness mean 99 species (in 0.45 ha). The proportion of dead individuals at each site fell within normal limits, indicating that the forests are in a good state of conservation. The classification of the studied forests results in large groups, with the Ciriaco Forest (border of Amazonic Forest) quite separate from the others. Also the forests from the South/South-east are in a group separate from the forests from Northeast/Centre-west Brazil. The canonical correspondence analysis show the DF separated by patterns of water deficit, associated with the Aw (tropical climate with winter rain and dry summer) and As (tropical climate with summer rain and dry winter) climes. Dry Forests which we observe today are the result of changing climates and the contraction and expansion of the continental platform as a result of sea-level changes with migration of species from the littoral to the interior and vice versa. These result in changing habitats and possible adaptation changes especially when species distributions become fragmented. Such interacting factors can result in a floristic differentiation of dry forests, with medium to high Diversity and heterogeneous phytogeographical patterns, demonstrated by the low floristic between dry forests from different regions of Brazil. The data obtained, confirm the hypothesis proposed at the outset of the project. |
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Concei??o, Abel Augusto36491446549http://lattes.cnpq.br/4733211136930737Soares Filho, Avaldo de Oliveira2020-04-08T22:18:34Z2012-08-28SOARES FILHO, Avaldo de Oliveira. Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil. 2012. 346 f. Tese (Doutorado Acad?mico em Bot?nica)- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, 2012.http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/handle/tede/1037The thesis aims to contribute to the knowledge of Brazilian Dry Forests, still little studied, as much with regard to their floristic composition as to their structure. The present work, in considering Brazilian Dry Forests, follows the classification of IBGE and aims to test the hypothesis that, in spite of occurring in various regions of Brazil, the Brazilian Dry Forests show a low degree of floristic affinity, when comparing those from different regions, such as those at the borders of the Caatinga of the North-east with those from the West of Maranh?o, the Cerrados of the Centre-West of Brazil or southern Brazil. Comparative studies on the floristic composition of Dry Forest were carried out in ten selected sites, where the focus was also on environmental aspects. Fieldwork was completed between 2002 and 2010 in the following areas: 1. Parque Estadual do Turvo ? RS; 2. Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo ? SP; 3. Planalto Conquistense ? BA; 4. Serra de Montes Altos ? BA; 5. - Parque Nacional da Serra das Confus?es - PI; 6. Parque Estadual Prof. Vasconcelos Sobrinho ? PE; 7. Reserva Biol?gica Pedra Talhada ? AL; 8. Parque Estadual Terra Ronca ? GO; 9. Parque Estadual dos Pirineus ? GO; 10. Reserva Extrativista do CIRIACO - MA. The phytosociological study was carried out in areas where the vegetation was least disturbed. 15 parcels of 30 ? 10 m were chosen at walking random and all individuals with a circumference at breast height ? 20 cm were numbered, characterized and their height and circumference measured. Herbarium material was also collected for future identification. The following phytosociological parameters were recorded: Cover value (VC), Dominance (Do), Density (D) and Basal area (AB). The diversity of the Dry Forests was evaluated, using species number, floristic similarity and Shannon?s, Pielou?s and Simpson?s diversity indices, as well as the proportion between the number of species and number of individuals (sp/ni). From binary and species abundances matrices in the 10 Dry Forests studied, multivariate analyses of classification and ordination were carried out, as well as phytogeographic analyses, which also considered the influence of environmental factors. Historical factors such as glaciations and emergence of the continental platform were also considered in relation to the evolution of dry forests in Brazil. In all, 756 species in 243 genera and 82 families were recorded, with the Leguminosae representing 21% of the total species, Myrtaceae 9.5%, Rubiaceae 4.2%, Lauraceae 3.7%, Annonaceae 3.3% and Euphorbiaceae 3.3%. Considering all the forests together, the mean tree height was 9.6 m and the mode 7 m, with 87% of the dominant component between 6 and 15 m high, the D mean being 1,224 live individuals/ha., the AB mean 27 m2/ha, the H? mean 3.9, sp/ni mean 0.2 and richness mean 99 species (in 0.45 ha). The proportion of dead individuals at each site fell within normal limits, indicating that the forests are in a good state of conservation. The classification of the studied forests results in large groups, with the Ciriaco Forest (border of Amazonic Forest) quite separate from the others. Also the forests from the South/South-east are in a group separate from the forests from Northeast/Centre-west Brazil. The canonical correspondence analysis show the DF separated by patterns of water deficit, associated with the Aw (tropical climate with winter rain and dry summer) and As (tropical climate with summer rain and dry winter) climes. Dry Forests which we observe today are the result of changing climates and the contraction and expansion of the continental platform as a result of sea-level changes with migration of species from the littoral to the interior and vice versa. These result in changing habitats and possible adaptation changes especially when species distributions become fragmented. Such interacting factors can result in a floristic differentiation of dry forests, with medium to high Diversity and heterogeneous phytogeographical patterns, demonstrated by the low floristic between dry forests from different regions of Brazil. The data obtained, confirm the hypothesis proposed at the outset of the project.A tese visou contribuir para o conhecimento das Florestas Estacionais do Brasil, ainda pouco estudadas, tanto em rela??o ? composi??o flor?stica como ? estrutura. O presente trabalho considerou as Florestas Estacionais Deciduais (FEDs) segundo classifica??o do IBGE e visou testar a hip?tese de que, apesar das FEDs existirem em v?rias regi?es do Brasil, elas apresentam uma baixa rela??o flor?stica, quando se comparam FEDs na borda da Caatinga do Nordeste, com as do oeste do Maranh?o, as do Cerrado do Centro-Oeste e as do Sul do Brasil. Foram realizados estudos comparativos da composi??o flor?stica e estrutura de dez ?reas selecionadas de FEDs no Brasil, enfocando tamb?m aspectos ambientais. O trabalho de campo foi desenvolvido entre 2002 e 2010, nas seguintes ?reas: 1. Parque Estadual do Turvo ? RS; 2. Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo ? SP; 3. Planalto Conquistense ? BA; 4. Serra de Montes Altos ? BA; 5. - Parque Nacional da Serra das Confus?es - PI; 6. Parque Estadual Prof. Vasconcelos Sobrinho ? PE; 7. Reserva Biol?gica Pedra Talhada ? AL; 8. Parque Estadual Terra Ronca ? GO; 9. Parque Estadual dos Pirineus ? GO; 10. Reserva Extrativista do Ciriaco - MA. O estudo fitossociol?gico foi desenvolvido em trechos de vegeta??o mais bem preservados, onde foram estabelecidas por cainhada aleatoria 15 parcelas de 30 x 10 m em cada uma das ?reas, sendo inclu?dos todos os indiv?duos com per?metro ao n?vel do peito ? 20 cm. Os indiv?duos arborescentes foram numerados, caracterizados e medidos quanto ? altura e ao per?metro, sendo coletado material bot?nico para herboriza??o e identifica??o. Foram calculados os seguintes par?metros fitossociol?gicos: Valor de cobertura (VC), Domin?ncia (Do), Densidade (D) e ?rea Basal (AB). A diversidade das FEDs foi avaliada pelo n?mero de esp?cies, similaridade flor?stica e ?ndices de diversidade de Shannon (H?), Pielou e Simpson, assim como a propor??o entre n?mero de esp?cie e de indiv?duos (sp/ni). A partir de matrizes bin?rias e de abund?ncias das esp?cies nas 10 FEDs, foram realizadas an?lises multivariadas de classifica??o e ordena??o para an?lises de similaridades flor?sticas e estruturais, assim como fitogeogr?ficas, que tamb?m consideraram influ?ncias de fatores ambientais. Fatores hist?ricos como glacia??es e emers?o da plataforma continental foram considerados na evolu??o das FEDs no Brasil. Foram encontradas 756 esp?cies, comportadas em 243 g?neros de 82 fam?lias, sendo a fam?lia Leguminosae representada por 21% do total das esp?cies da flora, seguida de Myrtaceae com 9,5%, Rubiaceae com 4,2%, Lauraceae com 3,7%, Annonaceae com 3,3% e Euphorbiaceae com 3,3%. Considerando o conjunto das florestas estudadas, a altura m?dia foi 9,6 m e a moda 7 m, com 87% do componente dominante entre 6 e 15 m de altura, sendo a D m?dia de 1.224 indiv?duos vivos/ha, AB m?dia de 27 m2/ha, H? m?dio de 3,9, sp/ni m?dia de 0,2 e riqueza m?dia de 99 esp?cies (em 0,45 ha). A curva do coletor mostrou sufici?ncia flor?stica nas FEDs estudadas. A mortalidade nas FEDs analisadas est? na faixa usual para florestas consideradas em bom estado de conserva??o. A classifica??o das florestas resultou em grandes grupos, com a floresta do norte da borda amaz?nica (Ciriaco) distinta das demais florestas, com distin??es entre as florestas do Sul/sudeste das do Nordeste/centroeste do Brasil. A an?lise de correspond?ncia can?nica mostrou que as FEDs foram separadas principalmente pelos padr?es de d?ficit h?drico associados aos climas tropicais de chuvas de inverno e ver?o seco (Aw), de chuvas de ver?o e inverno seco (As) e subtropical (Cf). As Florestas Estacionais Deciduais como observamos hoje ? resultado das mudan?as clim?ticas e a expans?o e contra??o da plataforma continental como resultado das mudan?as do n?vel do mar com a migra??o das esp?cies no sentido interior para o litoral e vice versa. Essas, resultaram em mudan?as de habitats e poss?veis mudan?as adaptativas, especialmente quando ?s distribui??es das esp?cies tornaram-se fragmentadas. Tal conjunto de fatores interagindo levaram a diferencia??es flor?sticas parciais nas Florestas Estacionais. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que as FEDs do Brasil apresentam diversidade m?dia a alta e um padr?o fitogeogr?fico heterog?neo, revelado pela ocorr?ncia de correla??o flor?stica baixa entre FEDs da borda da Amaz?nia e do agreste do Nordeste e do Sul/Sudeste. Confirmou-se, portanto, a hip?tese levantada no in?cio do projeto.Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2020-04-08T22:18:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Avaldo.pdf: 46685233 bytes, checksum: d77aa13da395ecba33df945733cc5cfd (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-08T22:18:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Avaldo.pdf: 46685233 bytes, checksum: d77aa13da395ecba33df945733cc5cfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-28Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPESFunda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de S?o Paulo - FAPESPapplication/pdfporUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaDoutorado Acad?mico em Bot?nicaUEFSBrasilDEPARTAMENTO DE CI?NCIAS BIOL?GICASFitogeografiaFitossociologiaFloresta decidualPhytogeographyPhytosociologyDeciduous forestCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICAFitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis-49082295437210861916006006006006005026123383450589282-340614789241430750135904625501369753663003932023866377114info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFSinstname:Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS)instacron:UEFSORIGINALTese_Avaldo.pdfTese_Avaldo.pdfapplication/pdf46685233http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/bitstream/tede/1037/2/Tese_Avaldo.pdfd77aa13da395ecba33df945733cc5cfdMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82089http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/bitstream/tede/1037/1/license.txt7b5ba3d2445355f386edab96125d42b7MD51tede/10372020-04-08 19:18:34.225oai:tede2.uefs.br:8080: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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede2.uefs.br:8080/PUBhttp://tede2.uefs.br:8080/oai/requestbcuefs@uefs.br|| bcref@uefs.br||bcuefs@uefs.bropendoar:2020-04-08T22:18:34Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS - Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil |
title |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil |
spellingShingle |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil Soares Filho, Avaldo de Oliveira Fitogeografia Fitossociologia Floresta decidual Phytogeography Phytosociology Deciduous forest CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA |
title_short |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil |
title_full |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil |
title_fullStr |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil |
title_sort |
Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil |
author |
Soares Filho, Avaldo de Oliveira |
author_facet |
Soares Filho, Avaldo de Oliveira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Concei??o, Abel Augusto |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
36491446549 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4733211136930737 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Soares Filho, Avaldo de Oliveira |
contributor_str_mv |
Concei??o, Abel Augusto |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Fitogeografia Fitossociologia Floresta decidual |
topic |
Fitogeografia Fitossociologia Floresta decidual Phytogeography Phytosociology Deciduous forest CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Phytogeography Phytosociology Deciduous forest |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA |
description |
The thesis aims to contribute to the knowledge of Brazilian Dry Forests, still little studied, as much with regard to their floristic composition as to their structure. The present work, in considering Brazilian Dry Forests, follows the classification of IBGE and aims to test the hypothesis that, in spite of occurring in various regions of Brazil, the Brazilian Dry Forests show a low degree of floristic affinity, when comparing those from different regions, such as those at the borders of the Caatinga of the North-east with those from the West of Maranh?o, the Cerrados of the Centre-West of Brazil or southern Brazil. Comparative studies on the floristic composition of Dry Forest were carried out in ten selected sites, where the focus was also on environmental aspects. Fieldwork was completed between 2002 and 2010 in the following areas: 1. Parque Estadual do Turvo ? RS; 2. Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo ? SP; 3. Planalto Conquistense ? BA; 4. Serra de Montes Altos ? BA; 5. - Parque Nacional da Serra das Confus?es - PI; 6. Parque Estadual Prof. Vasconcelos Sobrinho ? PE; 7. Reserva Biol?gica Pedra Talhada ? AL; 8. Parque Estadual Terra Ronca ? GO; 9. Parque Estadual dos Pirineus ? GO; 10. Reserva Extrativista do CIRIACO - MA. The phytosociological study was carried out in areas where the vegetation was least disturbed. 15 parcels of 30 ? 10 m were chosen at walking random and all individuals with a circumference at breast height ? 20 cm were numbered, characterized and their height and circumference measured. Herbarium material was also collected for future identification. The following phytosociological parameters were recorded: Cover value (VC), Dominance (Do), Density (D) and Basal area (AB). The diversity of the Dry Forests was evaluated, using species number, floristic similarity and Shannon?s, Pielou?s and Simpson?s diversity indices, as well as the proportion between the number of species and number of individuals (sp/ni). From binary and species abundances matrices in the 10 Dry Forests studied, multivariate analyses of classification and ordination were carried out, as well as phytogeographic analyses, which also considered the influence of environmental factors. Historical factors such as glaciations and emergence of the continental platform were also considered in relation to the evolution of dry forests in Brazil. In all, 756 species in 243 genera and 82 families were recorded, with the Leguminosae representing 21% of the total species, Myrtaceae 9.5%, Rubiaceae 4.2%, Lauraceae 3.7%, Annonaceae 3.3% and Euphorbiaceae 3.3%. Considering all the forests together, the mean tree height was 9.6 m and the mode 7 m, with 87% of the dominant component between 6 and 15 m high, the D mean being 1,224 live individuals/ha., the AB mean 27 m2/ha, the H? mean 3.9, sp/ni mean 0.2 and richness mean 99 species (in 0.45 ha). The proportion of dead individuals at each site fell within normal limits, indicating that the forests are in a good state of conservation. The classification of the studied forests results in large groups, with the Ciriaco Forest (border of Amazonic Forest) quite separate from the others. Also the forests from the South/South-east are in a group separate from the forests from Northeast/Centre-west Brazil. The canonical correspondence analysis show the DF separated by patterns of water deficit, associated with the Aw (tropical climate with winter rain and dry summer) and As (tropical climate with summer rain and dry winter) climes. Dry Forests which we observe today are the result of changing climates and the contraction and expansion of the continental platform as a result of sea-level changes with migration of species from the littoral to the interior and vice versa. These result in changing habitats and possible adaptation changes especially when species distributions become fragmented. Such interacting factors can result in a floristic differentiation of dry forests, with medium to high Diversity and heterogeneous phytogeographical patterns, demonstrated by the low floristic between dry forests from different regions of Brazil. The data obtained, confirm the hypothesis proposed at the outset of the project. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2012-08-28 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-04-08T22:18:34Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SOARES FILHO, Avaldo de Oliveira. Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil. 2012. 346 f. Tese (Doutorado Acad?mico em Bot?nica)- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, 2012. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/handle/tede/1037 |
identifier_str_mv |
SOARES FILHO, Avaldo de Oliveira. Fitogeografia e estrutura das florestas estacionais deciduais no Brasil. 2012. 346 f. Tese (Doutorado Acad?mico em Bot?nica)- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, 2012. |
url |
http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/handle/tede/1037 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.program.fl_str_mv |
-4908229543721086191 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 600 600 |
dc.relation.department.fl_str_mv |
5026123383450589282 |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
-3406147892414307501 |
dc.relation.sponsorship.fl_str_mv |
3590462550136975366 3003932023866377114 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Doutorado Acad?mico em Bot?nica |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UEFS |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
DEPARTAMENTO DE CI?NCIAS BIOL?GICAS |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS instname:Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) instacron:UEFS |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) |
instacron_str |
UEFS |
institution |
UEFS |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/bitstream/tede/1037/2/Tese_Avaldo.pdf http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/bitstream/tede/1037/1/license.txt |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS - Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
bcuefs@uefs.br|| bcref@uefs.br||bcuefs@uefs.br |
_version_ |
1796793640924741632 |