Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite
Ano de defesa: | 2014 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UEM Maringá, PR Centro de Ciências Agrárias |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Não Informado pela instituição
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Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1610 |
Resumo: | Studies were carried out to evaluate a propolis extract as a source of antioxidants for dairy cows. In the first experiment a propolis extract was incubated with microbial population from dairy cows to determine, in vitro, its influence on fermentation and gas emission. Propolis extract was used in doses: 1.1, 2.2, 6.7, 11.1, 16.7, 22.2, 27.8, 38.9, and 55.6 ug/mg of substrate. Propolis extract linearly reduced the final pH of the medium and linearly increased propionate production. In a linear form, use of propolis extract reduced methane production and increased carbon dioxide production at five and 24 hours of fermentation. In the second experiment, a propolis-based product and vitamin E were supplemented, in association or not, in diets with flaxseed oil to dairy cows to determine the effects on digestibility and nutrient utilization. Four Holstein cows with rumen cannula, averaging 584 ± 52 kg body weight and 90 ± 39 days in milk were used in a Latin square design 4 × 4, with four treatments and four periods. Experimental diets were: 1) control diet; 2) diet with flaxseed oil, 25 g/kg DM; 3) diet containing flaxseed oil + propolis-based product, 1.2 g/kg DM; 4) diet containing flaxseed oil + propolis-based product + vitamin E, 375 IU/kg DM. Supplying propolis-based product in association or not with vitamin E had no effect on intake and ruminal and total tract digestibility of the diet. Rumen pH, ammonia nitrogen content, rumen microbial production, efficiency of microbial synthesis and excretion of nitrogenous metabolites were not altered by diets. In the third experiment, propolis-based product and vitamin E, in association or not, were added to diets containing flaxseed oil to dairy cows in order to assess the influence on blood parameters, blood lipid peroxidation, milk chemical composition, fatty acid composition and antioxidant quality of milk. Animals and treatments were the same as in the second experiment. Propolis-based product associated or not to vitamin E in diets caused a decrease in blood concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL and blood lipid peroxidation. Providing propolis extract with or without vitamin E to cows had no effect on milk yield and composition. Addition of Propolis-based product in diets elevated concentrations of FA 18:1 and cis9, trans11 18:2, and also the total CLA concentration in milk. Association of propolis extract and vitamin E in diets also caused an increase on milk CLA content. Total polyphenols concentration in milk was increased by using propolis extract isolated or with vitamin E in diets. Propolis-based product provided higher antioxidant activity of milk by the reducing power method. Providing propolis extract combined or not to vitamin E did not improve the oxidative stability of milk. In the fourth experiment, a milk naturally enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, by feeding the cows and obtained in the third experiment, was supplemented to growing rats in order to verify the milk functionality on health of these animals. Forty male Wistar rats presenting 21 days-old were used in a completely randomized design, with experimental period of 85 days. Supplementation was performed by gavage at dose 0.005 mL/kg body weight. Experimental groups were: control with water, common milk, PUFAenriched milk, and PUFA and antioxidants-enriched milk. The supply of milk enriched with PUFA and antioxidants to rats did not modify the feed intake, digestibility, blood glucose, blood antioxidant capacity, organs weight and growth of rats. Supplementation with this milk moderately elevated blood concentrations of total and LDL cholesterol and significantly increased the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue. Propolis showed being a good source of phenolic compounds for dairy cows not influencing digestion and nutrient utilization of diet, with improvement of fatty acid composition and antioxidant content of milk. Milk rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants did not modify the rat growth, although a higher accumulation of visceral adipose tissue was observed. |
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Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leiteVacas leiteirasDietasProdutos à base de própolisVitamina ESuplementoÓleo de linhaçaÁcidos fenólicoÁcidos graxos poli-insaturadosComposição de leiteDigestibilidadePrópolis e vitamina EBrasil.DigestibilityMilk compositionPhenolic acidsPolyunsaturated fatty acidsPropolis and vitamin EBrazil.Ciências AgráriasZootecniaStudies were carried out to evaluate a propolis extract as a source of antioxidants for dairy cows. In the first experiment a propolis extract was incubated with microbial population from dairy cows to determine, in vitro, its influence on fermentation and gas emission. Propolis extract was used in doses: 1.1, 2.2, 6.7, 11.1, 16.7, 22.2, 27.8, 38.9, and 55.6 ug/mg of substrate. Propolis extract linearly reduced the final pH of the medium and linearly increased propionate production. In a linear form, use of propolis extract reduced methane production and increased carbon dioxide production at five and 24 hours of fermentation. In the second experiment, a propolis-based product and vitamin E were supplemented, in association or not, in diets with flaxseed oil to dairy cows to determine the effects on digestibility and nutrient utilization. Four Holstein cows with rumen cannula, averaging 584 ± 52 kg body weight and 90 ± 39 days in milk were used in a Latin square design 4 × 4, with four treatments and four periods. Experimental diets were: 1) control diet; 2) diet with flaxseed oil, 25 g/kg DM; 3) diet containing flaxseed oil + propolis-based product, 1.2 g/kg DM; 4) diet containing flaxseed oil + propolis-based product + vitamin E, 375 IU/kg DM. Supplying propolis-based product in association or not with vitamin E had no effect on intake and ruminal and total tract digestibility of the diet. Rumen pH, ammonia nitrogen content, rumen microbial production, efficiency of microbial synthesis and excretion of nitrogenous metabolites were not altered by diets. In the third experiment, propolis-based product and vitamin E, in association or not, were added to diets containing flaxseed oil to dairy cows in order to assess the influence on blood parameters, blood lipid peroxidation, milk chemical composition, fatty acid composition and antioxidant quality of milk. Animals and treatments were the same as in the second experiment. Propolis-based product associated or not to vitamin E in diets caused a decrease in blood concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL and blood lipid peroxidation. Providing propolis extract with or without vitamin E to cows had no effect on milk yield and composition. Addition of Propolis-based product in diets elevated concentrations of FA 18:1 and cis9, trans11 18:2, and also the total CLA concentration in milk. Association of propolis extract and vitamin E in diets also caused an increase on milk CLA content. Total polyphenols concentration in milk was increased by using propolis extract isolated or with vitamin E in diets. Propolis-based product provided higher antioxidant activity of milk by the reducing power method. Providing propolis extract combined or not to vitamin E did not improve the oxidative stability of milk. In the fourth experiment, a milk naturally enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, by feeding the cows and obtained in the third experiment, was supplemented to growing rats in order to verify the milk functionality on health of these animals. Forty male Wistar rats presenting 21 days-old were used in a completely randomized design, with experimental period of 85 days. Supplementation was performed by gavage at dose 0.005 mL/kg body weight. Experimental groups were: control with water, common milk, PUFAenriched milk, and PUFA and antioxidants-enriched milk. The supply of milk enriched with PUFA and antioxidants to rats did not modify the feed intake, digestibility, blood glucose, blood antioxidant capacity, organs weight and growth of rats. Supplementation with this milk moderately elevated blood concentrations of total and LDL cholesterol and significantly increased the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue. Propolis showed being a good source of phenolic compounds for dairy cows not influencing digestion and nutrient utilization of diet, with improvement of fatty acid composition and antioxidant content of milk. Milk rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants did not modify the rat growth, although a higher accumulation of visceral adipose tissue was observed.Estudos foram conduzidos para avaliar o potencial do extrato de própolis como fonte de compostos antioxidantes para vacas leiteiras. No primeiro experimento, um extrato de própolis foi incubado com população microbiana proveniente de vacas leiteiras para determinar, in vitro, sua influência sobre a fermentação e emissão de gases. O extrato de própolis foi empregado nas doses: 1,1, 2,2, 6,7, 11,1, 16,7, 22,2, 27,8, 38,9, e 55,6 μg/mg de substrato. O extrato de própolis reduziu linearmente o pH final do meio e elevou linearmente a produção de propionato. De forma linear, o uso do extrato de própolis reduziu a produção de metano e elevou a produção de dióxido de carbono em cinco horas e 24 horas de fermentação. No segundo experimento, produto à base de própolis e vitamina E foram adicionados, em associação ou não, em dietas com óleo de linhaça para vacas leiteiras para determinar os efeitos sobre a digestibilidade e o aproveitamento de nutrientes. Utilizaram-se quatro vacas da raça Holandesa, portadoras de cânulas ruminais, com média de 584 ± 52 kg de peso corporal e 90 ± 39 dias de lactação, em delineamento quadrado latino 4×4, com quatro dietas e quatro períodos. As dietas experimentais foram: 1) dieta controle; 2) dieta com óleo de linhaça, 25 g/kg de MS; 3) dieta com óleo de linhaça + produto à base de própolis, 1,2 g/kg de MS; 4) dieta com óleo de linhaça + produto à base de própolis + vitamina E, 375 UI/kg de MS. O fornecimento do produto à base de própolis em associação ou não à vitamina E não apresentou efeitos sobre o consumo e digestibilidades ruminal e total da dieta. Os parâmetros pH, teor de nitrogênio amoniacal, produção microbiana ruminal, eficiência de síntese microbiana e excreção de metabólitos nitrogenados não foram alterados pelas dietas. No terceiro experimento, produto à base de própolis e vitamina E, em associação ou não, foram adicionados às dietas contendo óleo de linhaça para vacas leiteiras a fim de avaliar a influência sobre os parâmetros sanguíneos, lipoperoxidação sanguínea, composição química do leite, composição de ácidos graxos e qualidade antioxidante. Osanimais e dietas utilizadas foram os mesmos daqueles do segundo experimento. O produto à base de própolis, associada ou não à vitamina E nas dietas das vacas, causou diminuição das concentrações sanguíneas de colesterol total, do HDL e da lipoperoxidação sanguínea. O fornecimento de produto à base de própolis e do produto com vitamina E às vacas não apresentou efeitos sobre a produção de leite e composição química. A adição do produto à base de própolis às dietas resultou em elevação das concentrações dos ácidos graxos 18:1 trans9 e 18:2 cis9,trans11, assim como a concentração total de CLA no leite. A associação de própolis e vitamina E nas dietas também causou aumento do teor de CLA no leite. A concentração de polifenóis totais no leite foi elevada com a adição de extrato de própolis a dieta e também com a associação de aditivos. A própolis aumentou a atividade antioxidante do leite pelo método do poder redutor. O fornecimento de produto à base de própolis em associação ou não a vitamina E não melhorou a estabilidade oxidativa do leite. No quarto experimento, leite enriquecido naturalmente com ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AGPI) e antioxidantes, pela alimentação das vacas e obtido no terceiro experimento, foi suplementado a ratos em crescimento visando verificar a funcionalidade do leite na saúde destes animais. Quarenta ratos machos Wistar com 21 dias de idade foram utilizados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com período experimental de 85 dias. A suplementação foi realizada por gavagem, em dose 0,005 ml/kg de peso corporal. Os grupos experimentais foram: controle, com água; leite comum; leite rico em AGPI; e leite rico em AGPI e antioxidantes. O fornecimento de leite enriquecido com AGPI e antioxidantes aos ratos não modificou o consumo, a absorção intestinal, a glicemia, a capacidade antioxidante sanguínea, o peso dos órgãos e o crescimento dos ratos. A suplementação com este leite elevou moderadamente as concentrações sanguíneas de colesterol total e LDL e elevou significativamente o acúmulo de gorduras viscerais. A própolis mostrou-se uma boa fonte de compostos fenólicos para vacas leiteiras, não influenciando a digestão e aproveitamento de nutrientes da dieta, com melhora da composição de ácidos graxos e antioxidantes do leite. O leite rico em ácidos graxos poli-insaturados e antioxidantes não modificou o crescimento de ratos, embora um maior acúmulo de gorduras viscerais tenha sido observado.xv, 90, [1] fUniversidade Estadual de MaringáBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaUEMMaringá, PRCentro de Ciências AgráriasLúcia Maria ZeoulaAntonio Ferriani Branco - UEMPaula Toshimi Matumoto Pintro - UEMOdimári Pricila Pires do Prado - UELAdriana de Souza Martins - UEPGSantos, Nadine Woruby2018-04-06T17:19:45Z2018-04-06T17:19:45Z2014info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1610porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)instacron:UEM2018-04-06T17:19:45Zoai:localhost:1/1610Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/oai/requestopendoar:2024-04-23T14:54:34.945871Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite |
title |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite |
spellingShingle |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite Santos, Nadine Woruby Vacas leiteiras Dietas Produtos à base de própolis Vitamina E Suplemento Óleo de linhaça Ácidos fenólico Ácidos graxos poli-insaturados Composição de leite Digestibilidade Própolis e vitamina E Brasil. Digestibility Milk composition Phenolic acids Polyunsaturated fatty acids Propolis and vitamin E Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Zootecnia |
title_short |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite |
title_full |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite |
title_fullStr |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite |
title_full_unstemmed |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite |
title_sort |
Própolis e vitamina E na dieta de vacas leiteiras suplementadas com óleo de linhaça sobre a qualidade e funcionalidade do leite |
author |
Santos, Nadine Woruby |
author_facet |
Santos, Nadine Woruby |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Lúcia Maria Zeoula Antonio Ferriani Branco - UEM Paula Toshimi Matumoto Pintro - UEM Odimári Pricila Pires do Prado - UEL Adriana de Souza Martins - UEPG |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Nadine Woruby |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Vacas leiteiras Dietas Produtos à base de própolis Vitamina E Suplemento Óleo de linhaça Ácidos fenólico Ácidos graxos poli-insaturados Composição de leite Digestibilidade Própolis e vitamina E Brasil. Digestibility Milk composition Phenolic acids Polyunsaturated fatty acids Propolis and vitamin E Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Zootecnia |
topic |
Vacas leiteiras Dietas Produtos à base de própolis Vitamina E Suplemento Óleo de linhaça Ácidos fenólico Ácidos graxos poli-insaturados Composição de leite Digestibilidade Própolis e vitamina E Brasil. Digestibility Milk composition Phenolic acids Polyunsaturated fatty acids Propolis and vitamin E Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Zootecnia |
description |
Studies were carried out to evaluate a propolis extract as a source of antioxidants for dairy cows. In the first experiment a propolis extract was incubated with microbial population from dairy cows to determine, in vitro, its influence on fermentation and gas emission. Propolis extract was used in doses: 1.1, 2.2, 6.7, 11.1, 16.7, 22.2, 27.8, 38.9, and 55.6 ug/mg of substrate. Propolis extract linearly reduced the final pH of the medium and linearly increased propionate production. In a linear form, use of propolis extract reduced methane production and increased carbon dioxide production at five and 24 hours of fermentation. In the second experiment, a propolis-based product and vitamin E were supplemented, in association or not, in diets with flaxseed oil to dairy cows to determine the effects on digestibility and nutrient utilization. Four Holstein cows with rumen cannula, averaging 584 ± 52 kg body weight and 90 ± 39 days in milk were used in a Latin square design 4 × 4, with four treatments and four periods. Experimental diets were: 1) control diet; 2) diet with flaxseed oil, 25 g/kg DM; 3) diet containing flaxseed oil + propolis-based product, 1.2 g/kg DM; 4) diet containing flaxseed oil + propolis-based product + vitamin E, 375 IU/kg DM. Supplying propolis-based product in association or not with vitamin E had no effect on intake and ruminal and total tract digestibility of the diet. Rumen pH, ammonia nitrogen content, rumen microbial production, efficiency of microbial synthesis and excretion of nitrogenous metabolites were not altered by diets. In the third experiment, propolis-based product and vitamin E, in association or not, were added to diets containing flaxseed oil to dairy cows in order to assess the influence on blood parameters, blood lipid peroxidation, milk chemical composition, fatty acid composition and antioxidant quality of milk. Animals and treatments were the same as in the second experiment. Propolis-based product associated or not to vitamin E in diets caused a decrease in blood concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL and blood lipid peroxidation. Providing propolis extract with or without vitamin E to cows had no effect on milk yield and composition. Addition of Propolis-based product in diets elevated concentrations of FA 18:1 and cis9, trans11 18:2, and also the total CLA concentration in milk. Association of propolis extract and vitamin E in diets also caused an increase on milk CLA content. Total polyphenols concentration in milk was increased by using propolis extract isolated or with vitamin E in diets. Propolis-based product provided higher antioxidant activity of milk by the reducing power method. Providing propolis extract combined or not to vitamin E did not improve the oxidative stability of milk. In the fourth experiment, a milk naturally enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, by feeding the cows and obtained in the third experiment, was supplemented to growing rats in order to verify the milk functionality on health of these animals. Forty male Wistar rats presenting 21 days-old were used in a completely randomized design, with experimental period of 85 days. Supplementation was performed by gavage at dose 0.005 mL/kg body weight. Experimental groups were: control with water, common milk, PUFAenriched milk, and PUFA and antioxidants-enriched milk. The supply of milk enriched with PUFA and antioxidants to rats did not modify the feed intake, digestibility, blood glucose, blood antioxidant capacity, organs weight and growth of rats. Supplementation with this milk moderately elevated blood concentrations of total and LDL cholesterol and significantly increased the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue. Propolis showed being a good source of phenolic compounds for dairy cows not influencing digestion and nutrient utilization of diet, with improvement of fatty acid composition and antioxidant content of milk. Milk rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants did not modify the rat growth, although a higher accumulation of visceral adipose tissue was observed. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014 2018-04-06T17:19:45Z 2018-04-06T17:19:45Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
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http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1610 |
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http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1610 |
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por |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UEM Maringá, PR Centro de Ciências Agrárias |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UEM Maringá, PR Centro de Ciências Agrárias |
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reponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) instacron:UEM |
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Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
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