Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag"
Ano de defesa: | 2006 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia
|
Departamento: |
Agricultura
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2234 |
Resumo: | The majority of mineral fertilizers used in Brazil are sold in the form of granules mixture in order to provide, lower storage and transportation costs, lower probability of hardening, easier handling and also to simplify its use. Despite the advantages mentioned, such mixtures, which might present two or three primary macronutrients, secondary macronutrients and micronutrients, must have these nutrients uniformly distributed, so that the distribution in the field is homogeneous. However, in this kind of mixture some problems of heterogeneity might occur due to the segregation of granules, which might result in segregation of nutrients that will produce irregular application. The segregation is worrying concerning the application of the fertilizer as well as the sampling by the inspector, once it might generate analysis result that does not match the product real composition. The volume of fertilizers in a Big Bag makes it impossible for the inspector to homogenize the product prior to sampling, as required by law, in the case of smaller packets, thus requiring its own sampling methodology. Therefore, with the aim of evaluating the segregation of fertilizers and determining a sampling methodology for the Big Bag packaging, a study was developed, based on two formulas 02-30-10 and 12-15-15 distributed into four Big Bags each. Three sampling at three different times were carried out. The first was performed soon after packaging, the second, after the Big Bags had been transported on a truck for 407 km and the last after 696 km, both on dirty road and on asphalt. A conic tip double tube steering steel probe, for the sampling of five distinct horizontal levels, five vertical, one in the middle and one in each corner of the packet as well as one diagonal, which went through granulometric and chemical analysis individually. One compound sample was produced by pushing the probe vertically at three distinct points, and later on adding to the four packets portions for analysis. The results of granulometric and chemical analysis , at several points of sampling carried out in the vertical, horizontal e diagonal as well as the compound, after packaging and transportation of the Big Bags, in both formulas studied, show that if a grain mixture fertilizer is produced with raw-material with granules of homogeneous size, within the variation of SGN ± 5%, it presents fewer segregation problems regardless the sampling points mentioned, according to what happened to the formula 12-15-15, and the use of certain raw-material with granules which are incompatible to the other components in the mixture, lead to condenation of the product both chemically and granulometrically, according to what happened to the formula 02-30-10. The compound sample method proved itself efficient despite failing the granulometric analysis of the formula 02-30-10 (after packaging and transportation for 696 km), due to greater amount, size and round format of the triple superphosphate granules (TSP). |
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Justino, AltairCPF:05088787804http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4768677U6Caires, Eduardo FáveroCPF:07143754897http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796865P7Jahnel, Marcelo CabralCPF:10587214880http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4727337D1CPF:09605419858http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4753869T1Tosato, João Miguel Toledo2017-07-25T19:29:57Z2006-12-212017-07-25T19:29:57Z2006-09-19TOSATO, João Miguel Toledo. Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag". 2006. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura) - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, Ponta Grossa, 2006.http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2234The majority of mineral fertilizers used in Brazil are sold in the form of granules mixture in order to provide, lower storage and transportation costs, lower probability of hardening, easier handling and also to simplify its use. Despite the advantages mentioned, such mixtures, which might present two or three primary macronutrients, secondary macronutrients and micronutrients, must have these nutrients uniformly distributed, so that the distribution in the field is homogeneous. However, in this kind of mixture some problems of heterogeneity might occur due to the segregation of granules, which might result in segregation of nutrients that will produce irregular application. The segregation is worrying concerning the application of the fertilizer as well as the sampling by the inspector, once it might generate analysis result that does not match the product real composition. The volume of fertilizers in a Big Bag makes it impossible for the inspector to homogenize the product prior to sampling, as required by law, in the case of smaller packets, thus requiring its own sampling methodology. Therefore, with the aim of evaluating the segregation of fertilizers and determining a sampling methodology for the Big Bag packaging, a study was developed, based on two formulas 02-30-10 and 12-15-15 distributed into four Big Bags each. Three sampling at three different times were carried out. The first was performed soon after packaging, the second, after the Big Bags had been transported on a truck for 407 km and the last after 696 km, both on dirty road and on asphalt. A conic tip double tube steering steel probe, for the sampling of five distinct horizontal levels, five vertical, one in the middle and one in each corner of the packet as well as one diagonal, which went through granulometric and chemical analysis individually. One compound sample was produced by pushing the probe vertically at three distinct points, and later on adding to the four packets portions for analysis. The results of granulometric and chemical analysis , at several points of sampling carried out in the vertical, horizontal e diagonal as well as the compound, after packaging and transportation of the Big Bags, in both formulas studied, show that if a grain mixture fertilizer is produced with raw-material with granules of homogeneous size, within the variation of SGN ± 5%, it presents fewer segregation problems regardless the sampling points mentioned, according to what happened to the formula 12-15-15, and the use of certain raw-material with granules which are incompatible to the other components in the mixture, lead to condenation of the product both chemically and granulometrically, according to what happened to the formula 02-30-10. The compound sample method proved itself efficient despite failing the granulometric analysis of the formula 02-30-10 (after packaging and transportation for 696 km), due to greater amount, size and round format of the triple superphosphate granules (TSP).Os fertilizantes minerais utilizados no Brasil são em sua grande maioria comercializados na forma de misturas de grânulos por propiciar, menores custos de armazenamento e transporte, além de apresentarem menor possibilidade de empedramento, maior facilidade de manuseio, simplificando a sua aplicação. Apesar das vantagens citadas, estas misturas, que podem apresentar dois ou três macronutrientes primários, macronutrientes secundários e micronutrientes, é de fundamental importância que os nutrientes estejam uniformemente distribuídos em todo o seu volume, para que haja uma distribuição homogênea na área de cultivo. Contudo, neste tipo de mistura podem ocorrer problemas de heterogeneidade pela segregação dos grânulos que também resultará na separação dos nutrientes, ocasionando uma aplicação irregular. A segregação é preocupante tanto do ponto de vista da aplicação do fertilizante, quanto do momento da amostragem por parte da fiscalização, podendo obter um resultado de análise que não corresponde à realidade da composição do produto. O volume de fertilizantes acondicionado em embalagem Big Bag impossibilita aos fiscais a homogeneização do produto previamente à amostragem, como é estabelecido pela legislação, no caso de embalagens menores, necessitando, portanto de uma metodologia de amostragem apropriada. Diante destes fatos, com o objetivo de avaliar a segregação de fertilizantes e determinar uma metodologia de amostragem para embalagem tipo Big Bag foi desenvolvido um estudo com duas fórmulas 02-30-10 e 12-15-15 acondicionadas em quatro Big Bag cada uma. Foram estabelecidas amostragens em três momentos distintos, sendo uma logo após o envase, outra após os Big Bags terem sido transportados em caminhão por 407 Km e a última após completar 696 Km, realizados em estradas de asfalto e de terra. Foi utilizada uma sonda de aço inox cano duplo com ponta cônica, para amostragem de cinco níveis distintos na horizontal, cinco no sentido vertical, uma no centro e em cada um dos cantos da embalagem e uma na diagonal, as quais individualmente foram acondicionadas para análise química e granulométrica. Retirou-se também uma amostra composta, que foi feita inserindo verticalmente a sonda em cada Big Bag em três pontos distintos, e depois foram juntadas as porções das quatro embalagens para a realização das análises. Os resultados das análises químicas e de granulometria, nos vários pontos de amostragens realizados na vertical, horizontal, diagonal, e composta, após o envase e os transportes dos Big Bag, nas duas fórmulas pesquisadas, nos indicam que se um fertilizante mistura de grânulos for elaborado com matérias-primas com grânulos de tamanhos homogêneos, dentro da variação de ± 5% do SGN, apresentam menores problemas de segregação independente dos pontos de amostragens citados, conforme o ocorrido com a fórmula 12-15-15, e o uso de determinada matéria-prima com grânulos incompatíveis aos demais componentes da mistura, levam à condenação do produto tanto química quanto granulometricamente, conforme o ocorrido com a fórmula 02- 30-10. O método de amostra composta mostrou ser eficiente apesar da reprovação granulométrica da formulação 02-30-10 (após envase e transporte de 696 km), fato justificado pela maior quantidade, tamanho e formato arredondado dos grânulos do superfosfato triplo (TSP).Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-25T19:29:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joaomigueltosato.pdf: 1509704 bytes, checksum: 7feec9d7e4ee880e76e5c9e750d8c419 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-19application/pdfporUNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSAPrograma de Pós-Graduação em AgronomiaUEPGBRAgriculturafertilizantessegregaçãoBig BagamostragemfertilizerssegregationBig BagsamplingCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIASegregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEPGinstname:Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG)instacron:UEPGORIGINALjoaomigueltosato.pdfapplication/pdf1509704http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/bitstream/prefix/2234/1/joaomigueltosato.pdf7feec9d7e4ee880e76e5c9e750d8c419MD51prefix/22342017-07-25 16:29:57.014oai:tede2.uepg.br:prefix/2234Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/PUBhttp://tede2.uepg.br/oai/requestbicen@uepg.br||mv_fidelis@yahoo.com.bropendoar:2017-07-25T19:29:57Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEPG - Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" |
title |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" |
spellingShingle |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" Tosato, João Miguel Toledo fertilizantes segregação Big Bag amostragem fertilizers segregation Big Bag sampling CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" |
title_full |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" |
title_fullStr |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" |
title_full_unstemmed |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" |
title_sort |
Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag" |
author |
Tosato, João Miguel Toledo |
author_facet |
Tosato, João Miguel Toledo |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Justino, Altair |
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv |
CPF:05088787804 |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4768677U6 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Caires, Eduardo Fávero |
dc.contributor.referee1ID.fl_str_mv |
CPF:07143754897 |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796865P7 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Jahnel, Marcelo Cabral |
dc.contributor.referee2ID.fl_str_mv |
CPF:10587214880 |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4727337D1 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
CPF:09605419858 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4753869T1 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Tosato, João Miguel Toledo |
contributor_str_mv |
Justino, Altair Caires, Eduardo Fávero Jahnel, Marcelo Cabral |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
fertilizantes segregação Big Bag amostragem |
topic |
fertilizantes segregação Big Bag amostragem fertilizers segregation Big Bag sampling CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
fertilizers segregation Big Bag sampling |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
The majority of mineral fertilizers used in Brazil are sold in the form of granules mixture in order to provide, lower storage and transportation costs, lower probability of hardening, easier handling and also to simplify its use. Despite the advantages mentioned, such mixtures, which might present two or three primary macronutrients, secondary macronutrients and micronutrients, must have these nutrients uniformly distributed, so that the distribution in the field is homogeneous. However, in this kind of mixture some problems of heterogeneity might occur due to the segregation of granules, which might result in segregation of nutrients that will produce irregular application. The segregation is worrying concerning the application of the fertilizer as well as the sampling by the inspector, once it might generate analysis result that does not match the product real composition. The volume of fertilizers in a Big Bag makes it impossible for the inspector to homogenize the product prior to sampling, as required by law, in the case of smaller packets, thus requiring its own sampling methodology. Therefore, with the aim of evaluating the segregation of fertilizers and determining a sampling methodology for the Big Bag packaging, a study was developed, based on two formulas 02-30-10 and 12-15-15 distributed into four Big Bags each. Three sampling at three different times were carried out. The first was performed soon after packaging, the second, after the Big Bags had been transported on a truck for 407 km and the last after 696 km, both on dirty road and on asphalt. A conic tip double tube steering steel probe, for the sampling of five distinct horizontal levels, five vertical, one in the middle and one in each corner of the packet as well as one diagonal, which went through granulometric and chemical analysis individually. One compound sample was produced by pushing the probe vertically at three distinct points, and later on adding to the four packets portions for analysis. The results of granulometric and chemical analysis , at several points of sampling carried out in the vertical, horizontal e diagonal as well as the compound, after packaging and transportation of the Big Bags, in both formulas studied, show that if a grain mixture fertilizer is produced with raw-material with granules of homogeneous size, within the variation of SGN ± 5%, it presents fewer segregation problems regardless the sampling points mentioned, according to what happened to the formula 12-15-15, and the use of certain raw-material with granules which are incompatible to the other components in the mixture, lead to condenation of the product both chemically and granulometrically, according to what happened to the formula 02-30-10. The compound sample method proved itself efficient despite failing the granulometric analysis of the formula 02-30-10 (after packaging and transportation for 696 km), due to greater amount, size and round format of the triple superphosphate granules (TSP). |
publishDate |
2006 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2006-12-21 2017-07-25T19:29:57Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2006-09-19 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-07-25T19:29:57Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
TOSATO, João Miguel Toledo. Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag". 2006. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura) - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, Ponta Grossa, 2006. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2234 |
identifier_str_mv |
TOSATO, João Miguel Toledo. Segregação no transporte de fertilizantes comercializados em embalagens "BiG Bag". 2006. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura) - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, Ponta Grossa, 2006. |
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BR |
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Agricultura |
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UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA |
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