O Consumo de castanha do Brasil influencia positivamente os indicadores do perfil lipídico, da capacidade antioxidante e consequentemente a função microcirculatória em adolescentes obesos

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Maranhão, Priscila Alves
• Orientador(a): Koury, Josely Correa
• Banca de defesa: Carvalho, Cecília Noronha de Miranda , Torres, Alexandre Guedes
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação, Nutrição e Saúde
• Departamento: Centro Biomédico::Instituto de Nutrição
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Estresse oxidativo; Radicais livres; Metabolismo de lipídios; Microcirculação; Obesidade; Oleaginosas; Adolescentes; Castanha-do-Pará; Sementes oleaginosas; Obesidade na adolescência
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Oxidative stress; ROS; Lipids metabolism; Microcirculation; Obesity; Nuts; Teenagers
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/7324

The present study consists of three parts. Two of them are reviews and one is an experimental study. The subject of the first review is the nuts role on lipid profile and oxidative balance. The second one highlights the use of videocapillaroscopy in obesity clinical practice. The experimental article shows the effects of adding Brazil nuts in the diet of obese teenagers, based on the principle the obesity induces inflammatory processes promoting an unbalance in redox state. This process is more severe when it occurs in youth, and consequently induces a dysfunction. The nuts actions on the damage caused by obesity haven t been studied in teenagers. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa) on anthropometry, anti-oxidant capacity, lipid and metabolic profiles and their inter-relations with microcirculatory function in obese teenagers. Seventeen (n = 17) volunteers (mean age 15.4± 2.0 with mean BMI 35.6 ± 3.3 kg/m2) participated in the study during 16 weeks. They wererandomized in two groups, Brazil nuts (BN, n = 8), which received Brazil nuts and placebo group (CG, n = 9). Anthropometric data assessed were body weight, height and waist circumference. Metabolic profile was assessed by the determination of plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-index and C-reactive protein. Redox state was assessed by evaluation of urinary F-8 isoprostane concentrations, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and oxidized LDL (OX-LDL). Serum lipid profile was determined by total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Microcirculation was evaluated by nailfold videocapilaroscopy. All measures were performed at baseline (T0) and after 16 weeks of study (T1). Throughout the study, teenagers of both groups did not present differences in anthropometry, metabolic profile and GPX concentrations. Intra- group differences occurred only in the BN group, with reduction of serum levels of TC (p=0.01) and LDL-c (p=0.05) comparing T0 versus T1. Inter-group differences occurred in the serum level of triglycerides (p=0.05) and OX-LDL (p=0.03), lower in the BN group when compared to PG at T1. Among the microcirculatory parameters, the teenagers in the BN group had better tissue reperfusion (p=0.02) when compared to PG at T1. In conclusion, the obese teenagers who consumed Brazil nuts presented, after 16 weeks, better lipid profile, anti-oxidant capacity and microcirculatory function. These effects may be attributable to the elevated concentrations of selenium, polyphenols and mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids present in the Brazil nut