Programa coleta seletiva solidária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro um estudo de caso no município de Porciúncula

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Magalhães, Nilmar Vieira
• Orientador(a): Silva, Elmo Rodrigues da
• Banca de defesa: Mattos, Ubirajara Aluizio de Oliveira , Santos, Luciano Bispo dos , Rosa, Márcia Ferreira Mendes
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental
• Departamento: Centro de Tecnologia e Ciências::Faculdade de Engenharia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Engenharia ambiental; Coleta seletiva; Resíduos sólidos; Município de Porciúncula; Indicadores de sustentabilidade; Catadores de materiais recicláveis
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Environmental engineering; Selective collection; Solid waste; Porciúncula; Sustainability indicators; Waste pickers
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11078

The National Solid Waste Policy considers Selective Collection (CS) essential for the management of Urban Solid Waste (RSU). In Brazil, SC is still not very comprehensive, it has low performance and suffers from discontinuities. This is generally due to the fact that public policies are governed by immediate political interests and are interrupted by alternating power without an evaluation of their results. In 2009, the Government of the State of Rio de Janeiro (ERJ) created the Solidarity Selective Collection Program (PCSS), offering advice and training to municipal Environment, the State Institute of Environment and the State University of Rio de Janeiro. This paper aims to evaluate the results of the PCSS, completed in 2015. It also performs a case study in the municipality of Porciúncula, applying a method of evaluation of CS performance, selected in the literature. The method for calculating CS sustainability index contains 16 indicators, grouped into five aspects: institutional; relations with society; efficiency; working conditions, health and safety of workers and costs. The research was exploratory and qualitative, the information about the PCSS was obtained by consulting the reports and updated by means of an interview with the municipal secretaries of the environment of the ERJ. In the data collection in Porciúncula a questionnaire was applied to the CS coordinator. The PCSS presented as results until 2015: 70 qualified municipalities; selective collection implemented in 27 municipalities and 204 public schools and insertion of 522 collectors in the municipal programs. In December 2016, 29 municipalities performed CSS. The main problems encountered for the implementation of CSS in the municipalities were: no insertion of CS in integrated RSU management; lack of information; little infrastructure; limited financial resources; disarticulation between secretaries; management policy changes; reduced technical staff; low community involvement and scavengers with little or no education. Some of the difficulties observed in the administration of the PCSS: conflicts of interest and visions between the partners; bureaucratic obstacles and constant delays in the transfer of financial resources, especially after the political alternation of the state government in 2014. The municipality of Porciúncula was one of the most advanced in CS, and its operation was carried out by the Association of Collectors (Assocata). coverage of 100% of the neighborhoods and an average recovery of 11% of recyclables due to the total RSU generated. After applying the method, the municipality presented a low CS sustainability index, which occurred, among other factors, due to the lack of municipal legislation for CSS; lack of service agreement with Assocata; discontinuous environmental education program; precarious shed and lack of data on CS costs. For the continuity of the ERJ waste policy, the PCSS methodology is recommended. For future studies, the evaluation of sustainability in the CS programs in operation in the municipalities of the ERJ is indicated, according to the method used in this dissertation.