Empatia e treinadores esportivos brasileiros: um estudo exploratório

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Meireles, Livia Gomes Viana
• Orientador(a): Oliva, Angela Josefina Donato
• Banca de defesa: Conde, Erick Francisco Quintas , Carneiro, Eliane Gerk Pinto , Bastos, Ana Carolina Monnerat Fioravanti , Falcone, Eliane Mary de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social
• Departamento: Centro de Educação e Humanidades::Instituto de Psicologia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Empatia; Psicologia do esporte; Relação técnico-atleta; Psicologia Social; Esportes - Aspectos psicológicos; Treinadores de atletas; Atletas
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Empathy; Sports psychology; Coach-athlete relationship
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15142

Empathy is considered a human trait that is built on the relationship between people and is involved in the establishing of relationships and in the quality of social interactions. The term empathy is used to describe feelings, expressions and behaviors that is responsible to recognize, understand and respond appropriately to the emotional states of others. Psychology studies empathy in different contexts and in different theoretical perspectives. Among these theoretical perspectives, evolutionary psychology, which underlies this study, comprises empathy as an evolutionarily important skill for survival of the human species to increase group cohesion and maintenance of social relationships. Particularly in the sporting context the study of empathy between coaches and athletes, compared to other areas of psychology (such as counseling, therapy and education), almost non-existent, especially with Brazilian coaches. In this sense, the objective of this study was to investigate the empathy in Brazilian sports coaches. To meet this purpose a descriptive and correlational research was conducted. Data were obtained from a total of one hundred coaches who responded to the Inventory of Empathy (IE) (Falcone et al, 2008), the Empathy Questionnaire in Sports Context (QECE) and the Questionnaire of sociodemographic information. Descriptive data show that participants coaches' average age was 37.05 years (SD = 8.27) and worked for an average of 12.19 years (SD = 8.52). Test were performed Student t test, with data collected through IE, and Chi-square, with the data collected by QECE. These medical comparison tests allowed to identify the independent effects of the explanatory variables (former athlete, competitive level, category, level of experience, education level and gender) on the scores of IE and QECE. There was a significant difference to the TP factor (p = 0.044) and the variable former athlete, and the group of coaches who were not former athletes who had higher mean this factor. There was a significant difference to the affective sensitivity factor (p = 0.019) and the variable experience, with the highest average is found for respondents with little experience. In Interpersonal Flexibility factor with respect to the variable competitive level, there was a significant difference (p = 0.038) with the highest average for coaches of sports initiation. In summary, this study indicates that coaches who were not athletes in the past are more likely to understand and meet the requirements of athletes, less experienced coaches tend to have greater concern or regard for the needs of others and a tendency to act on those needs than more experienced and coaches who work in sports initiation coaches showed it easier to accept different points of view than the high performance coaches. We conclude that the fact that the coach was athlete, the experience and the competitive level contribute in different ways in empathy coaches, called sports empathy that develops in the ambivalence of the sporting context and shown to be important in the relationship coach and athlete