Segurança microbiológica dos resíduos sólidos de fecularia e aplicação em bolos para a alimentação humana

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: SOUZA, Thaísa Anders Carvalho
• Orientador(a): SOARES JÚNIOR, Manoel Soares
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
• Departamento: Ciencias Agrárias - Agronomia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Casca de mandioca; Bagaço de mandioca; Qualidade microbiológica; Farinhas de resíduos; Bolos sem glúten; Mandioca - Qualidade microbiológica - Resíduos sólidos; Bolo - Mandioca
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Cassava peel; Cassava bagasse; Microbiological quality; Residues of flour; Gluten free cakes
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1432

This study aimed to verify the microbiological safety of solid waste from cassava starch (peel and bagasse), with different times of storage at room temperature with and without chemical treatment and apply peels and dried cassava bagasse in the formulation of gluten-free cake mixes substituting rice flour. The pH values ranged from 5.3 to 4.3 in fresh cassava peel, while the cassava peel sanitized between 5.6 and 4.4. The pH values ranged from 5.24 to 5.92 on fresh cassava bagasse, while in the acidified cassava bagasse these values were between 4.7 and 5.5. The time significantly influenced the pH values of all samples of peel and cassava bagasse during storage at room temperature. None of the samples of flour and cake analyzed was detected Salmonella, and counting of Bacillus cereus, Clostridium sp. and fecal coliform (45 °C). There were only counts of coliforms, yeasts and molds in peel flour and cassava bagasse flour. All instrumental parameters of color, pH and moisture of the samples of rice flour, peel flour and cassava bagasse flour, showed differences. The rice flour had become clearer, with less red and yellow color when compared to the peel flour and cassava bagasse flour. The pH differed among the three flours, being the pH of the rice flour larger than those observed in flours of peel and cassava bagasse. The moisture content of rice flour was lower than the peel flour and cassava bagasse flour. The flours of peel and cassava bagasse showed higher contents of ash, total dietary fiber, soluble and insoluble fiber and lower protein and carbohydrates, in addition to the total energy. The specific volumes of experimental cakes made with rice flour and cassava peel flour did not differ in any treatment, already in those made with cassava bagasse flour, treatments with 75% and 100% substitution of rice flour by cassava bagasse flour differed from other treatments. The crumbs of cakes tended to stain darker with increasing levels of replacement of rice flour by peel flour and cassava bagasse flour. In relation to moisture all the cakes made with experimental flours were different, except the cake without replacement and with 25% substitution of rice flour with cassava bagasse flour. The performance index also tended to increase proportionately to the increase levels of replacement of rice flour by flour of peel and cassava bagasse flour. The ash, lipids and total and insoluble dietary fibers tended to increase in the cakes with replacement of rice flour by peel flour and cassava bagasse flour, carbohydrates, protein and total energy were lower in cakes with increasing replacement of flour waste. All experimental cakes exceeded the cutoff point (score 6) for acceptance testing in sensorial analysis. Cassava peel sanitized and acidified cassava bagasse can be considered safe for use as an ingredient (flour) in the formulation of food products, especially those who suffer heat treatment. The results obtained in the formulations of the cakes were adequate, since they showed satisfactory results in relation to the physical, nutritional, microbiological safety and sensory characteristics.