Políticas de ingresso na educação superior pública no Brasil: contextos, concepções, movimentos e processos seletivos em perspectiva

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Luz , Jackeline Nascimento Noronha da
• Orientador(a): Oliveira , João Ferreira de
• Banca de defesa: Oliveira , João Ferreira de , Moraes , Karine Nunes de, Lima , Daniela da Costa Britto Pereira, Veloso , Tereza Christina Mertens Aguiar, Lima , Elizeth Gonzaga dos Santos
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação (FE)
• Departamento: Faculdade de Educação - FE (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Educação superior; Políticas de ingresso; Seleção; Democratização; Entry policies; Selection; Democratization
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: College education
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7692

This study is related to the State of Education, Policies and History of Education research line of the Post-Graduation Program in Education of the Federal University of Goiás. The research problem is about the movements and tendencies of the policies of entrance of public higher education in the Brazil, from 1995 to 2015, and what they represent, in terms of the democratization of this level of education. In order to do so, it presents the following thesis: the politics of entry into higher education, considering the period from 1995 to 2015, are based on a meritocratic and competitive logic, but, contradictorily, offer possibilities for a certain democratization and inclusion in public higher education. The research used the qualitative and quantitative approach, based on the bibliographic research, delimiting the technical-methodological procedure through the following phases: a) exploratory reading of the materials; B) organization and analysis of documentary sources, especially legislation from 1995 to 2015; C) survey of quantitative indicators (number of institutions, vacancies, enrollments and admissions) made available in the Census of higher education, by the National Institute of Studies and Educational Research Anísio Teixeira (Inep) and by the National Household Sample Survey, by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). In order to approach the thematic field, it contemplated the analysis of academic productions about admission policies and selective processes, and chose as the source the Bank of Thesis and Dissertations of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes). In the theoretical construction of the analytical category democratization, the contributions of Coutinho (2002; 2008), Wood (2006) and Silva and Veloso (2013a; 2013b) were used. The concepts of selection, classification, equality of opportunities and meritocracy were also treated, based on the studies of Bourdieu (1996), Bourdieu and Passeron (2008), Silva (2006), Bonetto ), Nogueira and Catani (1998). The research shows that the capitalist system nowadays undergoes reconfigurations, aiming at its maintenance, based on the promotion of inequality and social exclusion. Neoliberalism reinforces the meritocratic logic of this system, insofar as it values individuals, their merits and their conquests, without taking into account the inequalities and historically constituted determinants that determine the distribution of these same individuals in the social space. The policies related to the entrance in higher education in Brazil remain with dictates that choose some and exclude others, supposedly considering only the capacities of each one. It can be observed that the data of the research were differentiated in the period studied, making it possible to separate them: the 1990s with less democratizing perspectives, with little impact on the selectivity, and the decade of 2000, which brings a panorama that contributes to the minimization Of natural selection and more effective perspectives of the democratization of social inclusion and inclusion, mainly through the changes that occurred in the forms of selection, such as the Enem / SiSU (national) and the quota law. There were methodological changes in the application and use of the results, without losing sight of the characteristic of the elitized process. The politics of entry reflect the society of a liberal-capitalist nature, which operates by exclusion, while at the same time extolling the so-called natural capacities. But, contradictorily, it allows punctual policies of inclusion and democratization in order to maintain the very maintenance of the liberal-capitalist system.