Rastreamento da infecção pelo vírus da Hepatite B em indivíduos portadores de doenças onco-hematológicas em goiás: subsídios para prevenção e controle

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Pessoni, Grécia Carolina
• Orientador(a): Teles, Sheila Araujo
• Banca de defesa: Teles, Sheila Araujo, Soares, Caroline Cordeiro, Arantes, Adriano de Moraes, Minamisava, Ruth, Tipple, Anaclara Ferreira Veiga
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (FEN)
• Departamento: Faculdade de Enfermagem - FEN (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Epidemiologia; Hepatite B; Leucemia; Linfoma; Oncologia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Epidemiology; Hepatitis B; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Oncology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4954

This is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study of 348 individuals with onco-hematological diseases (OD), ie leukemia, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, conducted in two hospitals in Goiania, Goias. The objective was to track hepatitis B (HBV) infections in the area. Data were obtained through interviews and collecting blood samples from July 2011 to August 2012 and a survey of hospital records from June to October 2014. Initially, all samples were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs and total anti-HBc. HBsAg and anti-HBc samples with isolated reagents were tested for HBeAg and anti-HBe, subjected to extraction and partial amplification of the pre-S / S region of HBV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Samples positive for viral DNA were also sequenced and genotyped. Most participants were aged between 36 and 65 years (55.4%) and were male (54.3%). The most frequent OD were chronic myeloid leukemia (33.5%), and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (32.2%). The overall prevalence of HBV was 14.9% (95% CI, 11.58 to 19.07), being 1.1% (95% CI: 0.45 to 2.92) for HBsAg, 9.5% (95% CI: 6.83 to 13.0) for anti-HBc and anti-HBs, and 4.3% (95% CI: 2.63 to 6.99) for anti-HBc. Of the total participants, 8.6% (95% CI 6.10 to 12.2) tested positive for anti-HBs, suggesting low vaccination coverage. Viral DNA was detected in four samples, three of them non-reactive for HBsAg, showing hidden HBV infection. All samples were identified as genotypes A / A1. The records of eight patients suggested seroconversion for anti-HBc during the treatment period for OD. Only history of acupuncture (RP: 2.07; p = 0.035) was predictive of exposure to HBV. The low frequency of individuals immunized against hepatitis B, detection of HBV DNA in HBsAg negative samples, and the suggestion of exposure to HBV during treatment show the potential to spread this virus in this population, reinforcing the importance of serological monitoring, vaccination against hepatitis B and adoption of precautionary measures in patients with OD.