Efeitos do uso do solo sobre o balanço de radiação e energia em Cuiabá – MT

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Angelini, Pablinne Cynthia Batista
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Brasil; Instituto de Física (IF); UFMT CUC - Cuiabá; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física Ambiental
• Palavras-chave em Português: Urbanização; Alterações antrópicas; Classificação da cobertura do solo; Algoritmo SEBAL; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA; Urbanization; Anthropic changes; Land cover classification; SEBAL algorithm
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/3678

The intensification of the world urbanization process and the replacement of natural environments by built areas, brought profound socio-environmental changes to the urban space. In the last years, in the face of the complexity of urban architecture and the high cost of meteorological stations, remote sensing techniques have been used as alternative and effective tools for the space-time monitoring of urban areas. The general objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of urbanization from 1985 to 2017, on the surface energy balance by remote sensing in Cuiabá - MT. The study area was the urban perimeter of the Municipality of Cuiabá - MT. The study was made using images from the TM and OLI / TIRS sensors on the Landsat 5 and 8 satellites, obtained from the USGS ESPA platform. The classification of land cover in 1985 and 2017 was made using a decision algorithm, based on spectral indices. The effects of urbanization were assessed using the NDVI, albedo, surface temperature and energy balance estimates using the SEBAL method. The classification of land cover showed urban growth from 1985 to 2017, as a result of the replacement of shrub vegetation by built areas. There was a decrease in NDVI from 0.26 to 0.19 and an increase in surface albedo values from 0.26 to 0.29 in built-up areas. The surface temperature increased by up to 4 ° C in anthropized areas between 1985 and 2017. There was a decrease in the radiation balance, latent heat flow and evapotranspiration in anthropized areas of 60 W m-2 , 72 W m-2 and 0.8 mm d-1 , respectively. Sensitive heat and soil flows increased by 21 W m-2 and 3 W m-2 in anthropized areas, respectively. Sensitive heat flux and soil heat flux increased by 21 W m-2 and 3 W m-2 in anthropized areas, respectively. It is concluded that the expansion of urbanized areas in the municipality of Cuiabá - MT changed the partitioning of the energy balance. The study showed to be appropriate for urban areas and can provide information that will enable the improvement of urban planning and the quality of life of the population.