Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li
Ano de defesa: | 2013 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Pelotas
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia Vegetal
|
Departamento: |
Biologia
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2003 |
Resumo: | In Brazil, among the temperate climate fruit, the pear (Pyrus sp.) is the third more commonly consumed although most of it is imported (95%) as its cultivation is still in small-scale. The lack of cultivars adapted to the soil and climate conditions of potentially productive regions is the main obstacle for its sustainable production, as these cultivars need to be apt to produce in regularly, with a considerable quality and amount to supply the demand of the of the internal market. Mutation induction techniques, such as the use of gamma radiation, have been quite efficient in the production of genetic variability and, thus, are very used in improvement programs of several species of plants. In pear trees, due to the little genetic variability, long cycles and cross-pollination, characteristics which make it more difficult to obtain new cultivars through the conventional improvement, the usage of the gamma radiation may fulfill these difficulties. This technique, along the tissue culture is an alternative which enables the development of specific cultivars, in a short term, in large scale and with a high health quality. However, to help the usage of in vitro propagation it is necessary to obtain propagation protocols. In this context, the present work aimed to optimize the in vitro and ex vitro cultivation of three pear cultivars (Pyrus sp.): Carrick, Ya-Li and Cascatense (a cultivar recently launched by the Genetic Improvement Program from Embrapa Temperate Climate), in order to foster its production and the mutations induction, aiming to select new genotypes with interest characteristics, from the original genotypes. The study was conducted in experiments which focused on multiplying in vitro the cultivar mentioned above, as well as radiate and, from this, micropropagation the cv. Ya-Li. For the carrying out of the experiments, nodal segments were used (1,0 cm) with two to three axilliary gems. To reach an efficient protocol of multiplication in vitro, the explants were inoculated in different cultivation means and salt concentrations, BAP and sucrose. To check the effects of different dosage of gamma radiation (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Gy) during the micropropagation, were carried experiments out of multiplication and rooting in vitro and aclimmatization. The results obtained showed that the multiplication in vitro of the cultivar Carrick can be fostered by using MS commercial Himédia, with supplementation of 1,2 mg L-1 of BAP and 30 g L-1 of sucrose, while the most appropriate mean for the multiplication in vitro of the cultivar Ya-Li is the MS, with 1,2 mg L-1 of BAP and 45 g L-1 of sucrose. For the Cascatense‟, the MS Himédia, supplemented by 0,8 mg L-1 of BAP and 30 g L-1 of sucrose presented the best responses. Concerning the use of irradiation, the gamma radiation led to morphological changes in the explants of the cultivar Ya-Li, during the micropropagation, being that these might be due to epigenetic and/or genetic (inheritable) changes. Thus, based on the results of this study, due to obtaining high rates of in vitro multiplication from the optimization of protocols, it appears that is possible to multiply the three cultivars on a large scale, as well as possible to obtain mutants of cv. Ya-Li via gamma radiation. However, to determine whether the morphological changes found are positive or negative and is transmitted by the progeny, although future research is needed in the materials obtained. |
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2014-08-20T13:59:07Z2013-12-132014-08-20T13:59:07Z2013-10-29SILVA, Ilda Mariclei de Castro da. In vitro Cultivation of Pyrus sp., cultivars Carrick, Cascatense and Ya-Li. 2013. 173 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 2013.http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2003In Brazil, among the temperate climate fruit, the pear (Pyrus sp.) is the third more commonly consumed although most of it is imported (95%) as its cultivation is still in small-scale. The lack of cultivars adapted to the soil and climate conditions of potentially productive regions is the main obstacle for its sustainable production, as these cultivars need to be apt to produce in regularly, with a considerable quality and amount to supply the demand of the of the internal market. Mutation induction techniques, such as the use of gamma radiation, have been quite efficient in the production of genetic variability and, thus, are very used in improvement programs of several species of plants. In pear trees, due to the little genetic variability, long cycles and cross-pollination, characteristics which make it more difficult to obtain new cultivars through the conventional improvement, the usage of the gamma radiation may fulfill these difficulties. This technique, along the tissue culture is an alternative which enables the development of specific cultivars, in a short term, in large scale and with a high health quality. However, to help the usage of in vitro propagation it is necessary to obtain propagation protocols. In this context, the present work aimed to optimize the in vitro and ex vitro cultivation of three pear cultivars (Pyrus sp.): Carrick, Ya-Li and Cascatense (a cultivar recently launched by the Genetic Improvement Program from Embrapa Temperate Climate), in order to foster its production and the mutations induction, aiming to select new genotypes with interest characteristics, from the original genotypes. The study was conducted in experiments which focused on multiplying in vitro the cultivar mentioned above, as well as radiate and, from this, micropropagation the cv. Ya-Li. For the carrying out of the experiments, nodal segments were used (1,0 cm) with two to three axilliary gems. To reach an efficient protocol of multiplication in vitro, the explants were inoculated in different cultivation means and salt concentrations, BAP and sucrose. To check the effects of different dosage of gamma radiation (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Gy) during the micropropagation, were carried experiments out of multiplication and rooting in vitro and aclimmatization. The results obtained showed that the multiplication in vitro of the cultivar Carrick can be fostered by using MS commercial Himédia, with supplementation of 1,2 mg L-1 of BAP and 30 g L-1 of sucrose, while the most appropriate mean for the multiplication in vitro of the cultivar Ya-Li is the MS, with 1,2 mg L-1 of BAP and 45 g L-1 of sucrose. For the Cascatense‟, the MS Himédia, supplemented by 0,8 mg L-1 of BAP and 30 g L-1 of sucrose presented the best responses. Concerning the use of irradiation, the gamma radiation led to morphological changes in the explants of the cultivar Ya-Li, during the micropropagation, being that these might be due to epigenetic and/or genetic (inheritable) changes. Thus, based on the results of this study, due to obtaining high rates of in vitro multiplication from the optimization of protocols, it appears that is possible to multiply the three cultivars on a large scale, as well as possible to obtain mutants of cv. Ya-Li via gamma radiation. However, to determine whether the morphological changes found are positive or negative and is transmitted by the progeny, although future research is needed in the materials obtained.No Brasil, entre as frutas de clima temperado, a pera (Pyrus sp.) é a terceira mais consumida, porém, a maior parte é importada (95%), pois seu cultivo ainda é pequeno. A falta de cultivares adaptadas às condições edafoclimáticas das regiões potencialmente produtoras são os principais obstáculos à sua produção sustentável, em vista que estas cultivares necessitam estar aptas a produzir em quantidade e qualidade e com regularidade para suprir a demanda do mercado interno. Técnicas de indução de mutação, como o uso de radiação gama, têm se mostrado eficientes na produção de variabilidade genética e, por isso, muito utilizadas em programas de melhoramento de várias espécies de plantas. Em pereira, devido a pouca variabilidade genética, ciclos longos e alogamia, características estas que dificultam a obtenção de novas cultivares através do melhoramento convencional, a utilização da radiação gama pode suprir estas dificuldades. Esta técnica, acoplada à cultura de tecidos é uma alternativa que permite o desenvolvimento de cultivares específicas, em um curto espaço de tempo, em larga escala e com alta qualidade sanitária. Porém, para viabilizar a utilização da propagação in vitro se faz necessária a obtenção de protocolos de propagação. Neste contexto, o trabalho teve como objetivo otimizar o cultivo in vitro de três cultivares de pereira (Pyrus sp.): Carrick, Ya-Li e Cascatense (cultivar lançada recentemente pelo Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Embrapa Clima Temperado), visando potencializar sua produção e a indução de mutações, almejando selecionar novos genótipos com características de interesse, a partir dos genótipos originais. O estudo foi conduzido em experimentos que buscaram multiplicar in vitro as cultivares acima citadas, bem como irradiar e, a partir disso, micropropagar a cv. Ya-Li. Para a realização dos experimentos foram utilizados segmentos nodais (1,0 cm) contendo de duas a três gemas axilares. Visando a obtenção de um protocolo eficiente de multiplicação in vitro, os explantes foram inoculados em diferentes meios de cultivo e concentrações de sais, BAP e sacarose. Para verificar os efeitos de diferentes doses de radiação gama (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40 Gy) durante a micropropagação, foram realizados experimentos de multiplicação e enraizamento in vitro e aclimatização. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a multiplicação in vitro da cultivar Carrick pode ser potencializada com o uso do meio MS Himédia comercial, com suplementação de 1,2 mg L-1 de BAP e 30 g L-1 de sacarose, enquanto que o meio mais adequado para a multiplicação in vitro da cultivar Ya-Li é o MS, com 1,2 mg L-1 de BAP e 45 g L-1 de sacarose. Para a Cascatense‟, o MS Himédia, suplementado de 0,8 mg L-1 de BAP e 30 g L-1 de sacarose foi o que apresentou melhores respostas. Em relação ao uso de irradiação, a radiação gama induziu alterações morfofisiológicas nos explantes da cultivar Ya-Li, durante a micropropagação, sendo que estas podem ser devido a variações epigenéticas e/ou genéticas (herdáveis). Desta forma, baseando-se nos resultados do presente estudo, devido à obtenção de altas taxas de multiplicação in vitro a partir da otimização dos protocolos, verifica-se que é possível multiplicar as três cultivares em larga escala, bem como obter possíveis mutantes da cv. Ya-Li via irradiação com raios gama. Porém, para determinar se as alterações morfofisiológicas encontradas são positivas ou negativas e se transmitem pela progênie, ainda se fazem necessárias pesquisas futuras nos materiais obtidos.application/pdfporUniversidade Federal de PelotasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia VegetalUFPelBRBiologiaPereirasMicropropagaçãoReguladores de crescimentoRadiação gamaMutaçãoPear treesMicropropagationPlant growth regulatorsGamma radiationMutationCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA::FISIOLOGIA VEGETALCultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-LiIn vitro Cultivation of Pyrus sp., cultivars Carrick, Cascatense and Ya-Liinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6296861297942513http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540625238777673Dutra, Leonardo Ferreirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0976057121045070Bianchi, Valmor Joãohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9373170196787637Peters, José AntônioSilva, Ilda Mariclei de Castro dainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiacainstname:Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL)instacron:UFPELORIGINALtese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdfapplication/pdf1329611http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/2003/1/tese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdfa99573a2ac01311a53266115797bd1b2MD51open accessTEXTtese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdf.txttese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdf.txtExtracted Texttext/plain164073http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/2003/2/tese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdf.txt13f3187b595ca5bf6d2e3cb09373a70eMD52open accessTHUMBNAILtese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdf.jpgtese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1221http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/2003/3/tese_ilda_mariclei_de_castro_da_silva.pdf.jpgd561084be4244d2eae7c88ee77738c5cMD53open access123456789/20032019-08-23 11:03:05.199open accessoai:guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br:123456789/2003Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/oai/requestrippel@ufpel.edu.br || repositorio@ufpel.edu.br || aline.batista@ufpel.edu.bropendoar:2019-08-23T14:03:05Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiaca - Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
In vitro Cultivation of Pyrus sp., cultivars Carrick, Cascatense and Ya-Li |
title |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li |
spellingShingle |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li Silva, Ilda Mariclei de Castro da Pereiras Micropropagação Reguladores de crescimento Radiação gama Mutação Pear trees Micropropagation Plant growth regulators Gamma radiation Mutation CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA::FISIOLOGIA VEGETAL |
title_short |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li |
title_full |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li |
title_fullStr |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li |
title_sort |
Cultivo in vitro de Pyrus sp., cultivares Carrick, Cascatense e Ya-Li |
author |
Silva, Ilda Mariclei de Castro da |
author_facet |
Silva, Ilda Mariclei de Castro da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6296861297942513 |
dc.contributor.advisorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540625238777673 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Dutra, Leonardo Ferreira |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0976057121045070 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Bianchi, Valmor João |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9373170196787637 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Peters, José Antônio |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Ilda Mariclei de Castro da |
contributor_str_mv |
Dutra, Leonardo Ferreira Bianchi, Valmor João Peters, José Antônio |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Pereiras Micropropagação Reguladores de crescimento Radiação gama Mutação |
topic |
Pereiras Micropropagação Reguladores de crescimento Radiação gama Mutação Pear trees Micropropagation Plant growth regulators Gamma radiation Mutation CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA::FISIOLOGIA VEGETAL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Pear trees Micropropagation Plant growth regulators Gamma radiation Mutation |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA::FISIOLOGIA VEGETAL |
description |
In Brazil, among the temperate climate fruit, the pear (Pyrus sp.) is the third more commonly consumed although most of it is imported (95%) as its cultivation is still in small-scale. The lack of cultivars adapted to the soil and climate conditions of potentially productive regions is the main obstacle for its sustainable production, as these cultivars need to be apt to produce in regularly, with a considerable quality and amount to supply the demand of the of the internal market. Mutation induction techniques, such as the use of gamma radiation, have been quite efficient in the production of genetic variability and, thus, are very used in improvement programs of several species of plants. In pear trees, due to the little genetic variability, long cycles and cross-pollination, characteristics which make it more difficult to obtain new cultivars through the conventional improvement, the usage of the gamma radiation may fulfill these difficulties. This technique, along the tissue culture is an alternative which enables the development of specific cultivars, in a short term, in large scale and with a high health quality. However, to help the usage of in vitro propagation it is necessary to obtain propagation protocols. In this context, the present work aimed to optimize the in vitro and ex vitro cultivation of three pear cultivars (Pyrus sp.): Carrick, Ya-Li and Cascatense (a cultivar recently launched by the Genetic Improvement Program from Embrapa Temperate Climate), in order to foster its production and the mutations induction, aiming to select new genotypes with interest characteristics, from the original genotypes. The study was conducted in experiments which focused on multiplying in vitro the cultivar mentioned above, as well as radiate and, from this, micropropagation the cv. Ya-Li. For the carrying out of the experiments, nodal segments were used (1,0 cm) with two to three axilliary gems. To reach an efficient protocol of multiplication in vitro, the explants were inoculated in different cultivation means and salt concentrations, BAP and sucrose. To check the effects of different dosage of gamma radiation (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Gy) during the micropropagation, were carried experiments out of multiplication and rooting in vitro and aclimmatization. The results obtained showed that the multiplication in vitro of the cultivar Carrick can be fostered by using MS commercial Himédia, with supplementation of 1,2 mg L-1 of BAP and 30 g L-1 of sucrose, while the most appropriate mean for the multiplication in vitro of the cultivar Ya-Li is the MS, with 1,2 mg L-1 of BAP and 45 g L-1 of sucrose. For the Cascatense‟, the MS Himédia, supplemented by 0,8 mg L-1 of BAP and 30 g L-1 of sucrose presented the best responses. Concerning the use of irradiation, the gamma radiation led to morphological changes in the explants of the cultivar Ya-Li, during the micropropagation, being that these might be due to epigenetic and/or genetic (inheritable) changes. Thus, based on the results of this study, due to obtaining high rates of in vitro multiplication from the optimization of protocols, it appears that is possible to multiply the three cultivars on a large scale, as well as possible to obtain mutants of cv. Ya-Li via gamma radiation. However, to determine whether the morphological changes found are positive or negative and is transmitted by the progeny, although future research is needed in the materials obtained. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2013-12-13 2014-08-20T13:59:07Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2013-10-29 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2014-08-20T13:59:07Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SILVA, Ilda Mariclei de Castro da. In vitro Cultivation of Pyrus sp., cultivars Carrick, Cascatense and Ya-Li. 2013. 173 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 2013. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2003 |
identifier_str_mv |
SILVA, Ilda Mariclei de Castro da. In vitro Cultivation of Pyrus sp., cultivars Carrick, Cascatense and Ya-Li. 2013. 173 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 2013. |
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http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2003 |
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Universidade Federal de Pelotas |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia Vegetal |
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UFPel |
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BR |
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Biologia |
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Universidade Federal de Pelotas |
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