Efeito protetor da acetamida sobre as intoxica??es experimentais por monofluoroacetato de s?dio e por algumas plantas que causam morte s?bita em ratos

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Laura Iglesias de
• Orientador(a): Peixoto, Paulo Fernando de Vargas
• Banca de defesa: Malafaia, Pedro Antonio Muniz, Kimura, Leda Maria da Silva, Gra?a, Fl?vio Augusto Soares
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Veterin?rias
• Departamento: Instituto de Veterin?ria
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: acetamida; monofluoroacetato de s?dio; plantas que causam morte s?bita; patologia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: acetamide; sodium monofluoroacetate; sudden death causing plants; pathology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Medicina Veterin?ria
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3788

This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the protective effect of acetamide on sodium monofluoroacetate (MF) and eight plants that cause "sudden death" (Palicourea marcgravii, P. juruana, Pseudocalymma elegans, Arrabidaea bilabiata, Mascagnia rigida, M. pubiflora, M. exotropica and M. aff. rigida) in rats; as well as to describe their clinical and pathological picture. 33 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinos) were used, nine of which spontaneously ate fresh leaves of P. marcgravii at 2.0 and 4.0 g / kg doses. Two of those rats received, orally, single doses of acetamide, 2.0 and 4.0 g / kg, one minute before the plant was supplied. Another rat received 4.0 g / kg of acetamide after ingesting 4.0 g / kg of the plant and showing severe symptoms. In the experiments with MF, doses of 4.0 and 8.0 mg / kg were administered to four rats. The interval between the administration of either acetamide and concentrated extracts or MF ranged from 2 to 4 hours; the acetamide ranged from 2.0 to 8.0 g / kg. In the experiments with concentrated extracts of eight Brazilian plants that cause sudden death, 20 rats were orally poisoned with single or repeated doses. All of the rats used in the experiments in which acetamide, previously administered, prevented the clinical signs and/or caused death (except M. aff. rigida), were re-subjected to the same experimental protocol, yet without the administration of acetamide. In those experiments, all of the rats evidenced clinical signs and death, except the rat 67, intoxicated with 51 g / kg of P. juruana. Acetamide, when previously administered, prevented the appearance of clinical signs and death in all of the rats poisoned by MF, as well as by the fresh P. marcgravii leaves and the concentrated extracts of each of the other Brazilian plants that cause sudden death. All of the rats showed mild to markedly engorged atria, and sometimes, also of the cranial and caudal vena cava. In three of the rats, there was a moderate right and left cardiac dilatation. The liver of all animals was slight mild or markedly congested, and with lobular pattern in some of them. A slight to light presence of frothy liquid on the cut surface of the lungs in three of the rats. In the kidney of 6 rats, the histopathology showed slight to mild cytoplasmic swelling of the distal convoluted tubules and sometimes in the collecting tubules. But only in four rats, there was evident vacuolar-hydropic degeneration with nuclear pyknosis. 26 rats presented liver congestion, three of these showed compressive narrowing of the hepatic cords and eight shock corpuscles; another three showed slight to moderate focal necrosis. A slight to moderate hepatocyte vacuolation was observed in 16 rats. The present study evidences that acetamide has a protective effect, capable of preventing clinical signs and avoiding the death of rats poisoned by MF, fresh P. marcgravii leaves and concentrated extracts of seven other Brazilian plants that cause sudden death. Clinical and pathological picture observed in the rats intoxicated by MF and the Brazilian plants that cause sudden death in cattle this study, associated with the protective effect of acetamide, indicate that MF is the toxic principle responsible for the rats deaths, and by extension, the death of the cattle that eat the plants that cause ?sudden death? in Brazil.