Diversifica??o de cultivos de hortali?as associada ao uso de insumos para a fertilidade do solo, em sistema org?nico de produ??o

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Batista, Nilcileny da Silva
• Orientador(a): Ara?jo, Ednaldo da Silva
• Banca de defesa: Esp?ndola, Jos? Antonio Azevedo, Balieiro, Fabiano de Carvalho
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agricultura Org?nica
• Departamento: Instituto de Agronomia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cons?rcio; manejo do solo; agricultura org?nica
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Intercropping, ,; soil management; organic agriculture
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Agronomia
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1774

The soil management in organic production systems requires the use of technologies that allow maintaining and improving their properties. In this sense, the use of alternatives such as intercropping, biochar, organic fertilization and inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria in agriculture has been associated with improvements in productivity. In a first experiment, we evaluated the production of cassava in an intercropping system with maize and beans in different arrangements under organic farming. The experiment was carried out in SIPA, "Fazendinha Agroecol?gica Km 47", Serop?dica, RJ. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were: cassava, maize, cassava + maize + beans, cassava + maize, beans and maize. The dimension of the experimental plots was 6 x 5 m and 8 linear meters were sampled to evaluate the productivity of beans and maize. Twelve plants per plot were evaluated for cassava. The sowing of beans and maize took place at the same day cassava was planted. Beans were harvested at 90 days and the following variables were evaluated: yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and weight of 100 grains. The maize was harvested at 91, 92 and 100 days after sowing (DAS) and the productivity of husked and dehusked spikes, spike length and spike diameter were measured. The cassava was harvested at 354 DAP after planting and the following variables were evaluated: productivity of roots and shoots, length and diameter of the roots. There was no significance for cassava production. However, the area equivalency index for the maize and cassava intercrop indicated an advantage of this system over the others. In a second experiment, we evaluated the potential of biochar and its interaction with microbial inoculants and organic fertilizer on crop performance. These tecnologies were evaluated in a crop rotation system: maize (Zea mays) var. Caatingueiro and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) cv. Alessa were used in the first and second cycles, respectively. Maize seeds were inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and beans with both Rhizobium tropici and Azospirillum brasilense. The experiment was in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with eight treatments and three replications, and the experimental design was a randomized block design. The treatments were the combinations of the presence or absence of three factors (biochar, fertilizer and inoculation. The biochar was applied at the dose of 15 Mg ha-?. The organic fertilizer ?Bokashi? was applied at the dose of 113 kg ha-? N. The plots were 3.0 x 3.50 m. The maize was harvested at 90 DAP and the following variables were measured: yield, weight of 100 g, length and diameter of spikes. The snap beans were harvested at 60 DAP and pod productivity and shoot biomass were evaluated. In maize fertilization and inoculation influenced weight of 100 grains under the conditions studied. For coinoculation beans green influenced dry matter mass and pods number, biochar influenced number of pods and dry mass of shoots in the presence of residual fertilization. We can conclude that the intercrop system and that the use biochar, Bokashi fertilization and, especially, inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria are possible alternatives for the production of cassava, maize and beans in organic farming.