Qualidade da água dos reservatórios situados na bacia hidrográfica dos rios Piauí – Real : uma avaliação com base em técnicas estatísticas multivariadas e razões iônicas

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Robson Silva de
• Orientador(a): Alves, José do Patrocínio Hora
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Recursos Hídricos
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Recursos hídricos; Reservatórios; Bacias hidrográficas; Rio Piauí; Rio Real; Qualidade da água
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6174

In this work the quality of the water and its variations were evaluated for the Dionísio Machado (DM), Taboca (TB), Amargosa (AG) and Jabiberi (JB) reservoirs, located in the South Central region of the State of Sergipe. Surface water samples were collected in three sampling campaigns, two in the rainy season and one in the dry period, included between June 2013 and August 2014. In each sample the following parameters were determined: pH, electric conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, hardness, biochemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, colour, total organic carbon, total phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite, ammoniacal nitrogen, phosphate, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulphate, bicarbonate, thermotolerant coliforms and temperature. The principal component analysis, correlation analysis Spearman and cluster analysis were applied to all data, in order to compare the standard quality of the water between reservoirs and to obtain information about the differences between the dry and rainy seasons on the variables involved in discrimination and their origin sources. To the Dionísio and Taboca reservoirs, the samples collected during the rainy season of 2014 showed similarity to those collected in the 2013 dry season and difference from samples collected in the rainy season of 2013. While for Jabiberi reservoir, all samples were similar, no difference was observed in the dry and rainy period. The sample of Amargosa showed no similarity to any sample of the remaining reservoirs and it could not be verified a seasonal variation, since for this reservoir, a single sample was collected in the rainy season of 2013. Through the principal component analysis, we found that the salinization is the main process that explains the variations in the quality of the water in the reservoirs. The electrical conductivity of the samples ranged from 0.160 to 4.175 dS m-1, showing a growing process of salinization, reaching a maximum value in the Amargosa reservoir. Through the ionic fractions it was possible to infer that the main factors that control the process of the reservoir water salinity are of natural origin and are associated with the cation exchange reactions and subsequent dissolution of soluble minerals such as halite, gypsum and possibly epsomita.