Evidências científicas sobre o uso de plantas medicinais e avaliação do extrato de cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) na pancreatite aguda experimental

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Santana, Danielle Gomes
• Orientador(a): Camargo, Enilton Aparecido
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ciências da saúde; Pancreatite; Plantas medicinais; Oxicoco; Stress (Fisiologia); Vaccinium macrocarpon; Inflamação; Hiperalgesia; Estresse oxidativo; Revisão sistemática; Animais
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Pancreatitis; Inflammation; Medicinal plants; Hyperalgesia; Oxidative stress; Systematic review; Animals
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3646

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas, which causes high mortality in the severe forms. Although the incidence of AP is increasing in the last years, there is no specific treatment for this condition. Preclinical evidence suggests that medicinal plants (MP) may be a viable alternative for the treatment of AP. The standardized extract of Vaccinium macrocarpon (SeVm) possesses antioxidant activity and may be useful in the treatment of this disease. The objetives of this study were to carry out a systematic review regarding the use of MP in preclinical models of AP and to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antinociceptive properties of SeVm in a model of AP in mice. Therefore, pre-clinical studies of AP in which a MP was administered and outcomes were compared to a control group (placebo treatment) were selected. Electronic searches were conducted using MEDLINE via PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Embase, and gray literature (Google Scholar) and hand search by using specific keywords. Two independent reviewers identified the relevant studies, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias following the Systematic Review Protocol for Animal Intervention Studies (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool. Data from eligible studies were qualitatively extracted and synthesized. Thirty-one studies were selected, analyzed, and from these studies we concluded that the treatment with MP can be effective to treat experimental AP. For the experimental study, AP was induced in male Swiss mice (30-35 g, n=6 per group) by two successive injections of L-arginine (4 g/kg, i.p.), and euthanized 72 h after induction. Animals were treated with SeVm (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.), dexamethasone (5 mg/kg, s.c.), morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), or vehicle (NaCl, 0,9%) every 24 h, starting from 1 h after the induction of AP. After euthanasia, inflammatory parameters (myeloperoxidase activity and concentration of tumoral necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-1β and IL-6 in pancreas and lung tissues, leucocyte counts in blood and edema index in pancreas), oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS], non-protein sulfhydryl groups content [NPSH], carbonyl radicals content and ferric reducing/antioxidant power [FRAP] assay in lung and pancreas), antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px] in pancreas and lung), biochemical parameters (concentration of amylase, lipase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea and creatinine in serum) and abdominal hyperalgesia were measured. The induction of AP by L-arginine significantly altered inflammatory parameters and oxidative stress markers, as well as abdominal hyperalgesia induced by AP. Treatment with SeVm inhibited the abdominal hyperalgesia caused by AP. All inflammatory parameters were reduced in animals treated with SeVm. Treatment with SeVm partially decreased the alterations in biochemical parameters in serum. The reduction of SOD and CAT activities in pancreas and lung of animals with AP, were reverted by the treatment with SeVm, but the activity of GSH-Px was not changed. The formation of TBARS and carbonil radicals were reduced after treatment with SeVm and the NPSH was increased after this treatment, as well as did total antioxidant potential. In summary, these results demonstrate that MP have potential in the treatment of experimental AP and that SeVm decreases inflammation, oxidative stress and hyperalgesia in AP, making it of interest in future approaches to treat this condition.