Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas
Ano de defesa: | 2013 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Pós-Graduação em Química
|
Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6103 |
Resumo: | The need for energy is increasing rapidly directed by increased industrialization and population growth beyond environmental issues. So has focused for obtaining energy from renewable sources such as biomass. The production of 2nd generation biofuels from this feedstock, through the thermal conversion process, has been a viable alternative due to its natural availability, which can be converted into liquid, solid and gaseous biofuels. One potential source of biomass is the water hyacinth, due to its high rate of uncontrolled growth, which has affected various water bodies. Thus this paper proposes a microscale studies to evaluate the thermal conversion into liquid biofuel of Eichhornia crassipes (EC), Eichhornia azurea (EA) and Nymphaea spp. (Ny), aquatic plants present in River Poxim and Weir Macela around Aracaju-SE and Itabaiana-SE. The biomasses were characterized for moisture content, oil content, ash content, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared (IR), elemental analysis and Fluorescence Spectrometry X-ray Energy Dispersive (EDX). The bio-oil product from micropyrolysis at 525 ± 10 °C was trapped in actived charcoal being tested as eluting solvents dichloromethane, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and methanol. The solvent that showed the best extraction capacity was tetrahydrofuran. As the polar characteristic of chemical constituents, solutions of bio-oils have been subjected to derivatization with MSTFA, seeking help identify components through their silanes derivatives. The plants had high moisture content between 90-93%, oil content of 6.0% and 2.6% for EA and EC respectively. The ash content for EA, EC and Ny were 14.5, 19.2 and 13.0%, respectively. According to the TGA curve from 41% to 47% of weight loss can be attributed to the decomposition of hemicellulose and cellulose (184-390 °C) and 71% to 72.6% is attributed to lignin degradation (390-590 °C), leaving 18.5% (EA), 21.4% (EC) and 24.5% (Ny) of ash and charcoal. The IR spectra of biomasses showed absorption band in the region of 3000-3600 cm-1 which is attributed to stretching of the binding of alcohols and / or phenols, absorptions in the region 3000-2800 cm-1 typical of aliphatic and bands in C-H 1560-1575 cm-1 related to C=C vibration of aromatics. The composition of bio-oils showed predominantly the presence of oxygenates, aromatics (phenols), and aliphatic (fatty acids), being the main compounds found the 2-furanemethanol, 1,2-benzenediol, hexadecanoic acid. Preliminary studies indicate the possibility of conversion of biomass to bio-oil. Pyrolysis of EC at low temperature (300 °C) gave a yield of 14.39% bio-oil, 77.98% biochar and 7.63% of biogas. |
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Santos, Luana Oliveira doshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3060823745804732Wisniewski Junior, Albertohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/43660018464744522017-09-27T13:57:43Z2017-09-27T13:57:43Z2013-02-21https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6103The need for energy is increasing rapidly directed by increased industrialization and population growth beyond environmental issues. So has focused for obtaining energy from renewable sources such as biomass. The production of 2nd generation biofuels from this feedstock, through the thermal conversion process, has been a viable alternative due to its natural availability, which can be converted into liquid, solid and gaseous biofuels. One potential source of biomass is the water hyacinth, due to its high rate of uncontrolled growth, which has affected various water bodies. Thus this paper proposes a microscale studies to evaluate the thermal conversion into liquid biofuel of Eichhornia crassipes (EC), Eichhornia azurea (EA) and Nymphaea spp. (Ny), aquatic plants present in River Poxim and Weir Macela around Aracaju-SE and Itabaiana-SE. The biomasses were characterized for moisture content, oil content, ash content, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared (IR), elemental analysis and Fluorescence Spectrometry X-ray Energy Dispersive (EDX). The bio-oil product from micropyrolysis at 525 ± 10 °C was trapped in actived charcoal being tested as eluting solvents dichloromethane, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and methanol. The solvent that showed the best extraction capacity was tetrahydrofuran. As the polar characteristic of chemical constituents, solutions of bio-oils have been subjected to derivatization with MSTFA, seeking help identify components through their silanes derivatives. The plants had high moisture content between 90-93%, oil content of 6.0% and 2.6% for EA and EC respectively. The ash content for EA, EC and Ny were 14.5, 19.2 and 13.0%, respectively. According to the TGA curve from 41% to 47% of weight loss can be attributed to the decomposition of hemicellulose and cellulose (184-390 °C) and 71% to 72.6% is attributed to lignin degradation (390-590 °C), leaving 18.5% (EA), 21.4% (EC) and 24.5% (Ny) of ash and charcoal. The IR spectra of biomasses showed absorption band in the region of 3000-3600 cm-1 which is attributed to stretching of the binding of alcohols and / or phenols, absorptions in the region 3000-2800 cm-1 typical of aliphatic and bands in C-H 1560-1575 cm-1 related to C=C vibration of aromatics. The composition of bio-oils showed predominantly the presence of oxygenates, aromatics (phenols), and aliphatic (fatty acids), being the main compounds found the 2-furanemethanol, 1,2-benzenediol, hexadecanoic acid. Preliminary studies indicate the possibility of conversion of biomass to bio-oil. Pyrolysis of EC at low temperature (300 °C) gave a yield of 14.39% bio-oil, 77.98% biochar and 7.63% of biogas.A necessidade energética vem aumentando rapidamente, impulsionada pelo aumento da industrialização e aumento populacional, além das questões ambientais. Por isso, tem-se focado pela obtenção de energia a partir de fontes renováveis, como a biomassa. A produção de biocombustíveis de 2ª geração a partir desta fonte, através do processo de conversão térmica, tem sido uma alternativa viável devido sua disponibilidade natural, a qual pode ser produzida em grandes quantidades e ser convertida em combustíveis líquidos, sólidos e gasosos. Uma potencial fonte de biomassa é o aguapé, devido sua elevada e descontrolada taxa de crescimento, o que tem afetado diversas massas de água. Dessa forma este trabalho propõe estudos em microescala para avaliar a conversão da Eichhornia crassipes (EC), Eichhornia azurea (EA) e Nymphaea spp. (Ny), espécies presentes no Rio Poxim e Açude Macela no entorno de Aracaju-SE e Itabaiana, em bio-óleo pelo processo de pirólise. As biomassas foram caracterizadas quanto ao teor de umidade, teor de óleo, teor de cinzas, análise termogravimétrica (TGA), infravermelho (IV), analise elementar e Espectrometria de fluorescência de raios X por energia Dispersiva (EDX). O bio-óleo, produto da micropirólise realizada a 525 ± 10 °C foi aprisionado em carvão ativo sendo testados como solventes de eluição o diclorometano, a acetonitrila, o tetrahidrofurano e o metanol. O solvente que apresentou a melhor capacidade de extração foi o tetrahidrofurano. Em função da característica química polar dos constituintes, as soluções de bio-óleos foram submetidas a derivatização com MSTFA, buscando auxiliar na identificação dos componentes através dos respectivos derivados silanizados. As plantas apresentaram um alto teor de umidade, entre 90-93%, teor de óleo de 6% e 2,6% para a EA e EC respectivamente. Os teores de cinzas para EA, EC e Ny foram 14,5, 19,2 e 13,0% , respectivamente. De acordo com a curva de TGA de 41% a 47% da perda de massa pode ser atribuída a decomposição da hemicelulose e celulose (184-390 ºC), de 71% a 72,6% é atribuída a degradação da lignina (390-590 ºC), restando 18,5% (EA), 21,4% (EC) e 24,5% (Ny) de cinzas e carvão. Os espectros de IV das biomassas apresentaram banda de absorção na região de 3000-3600 cm-1 que está atribuída ao estiramento da ligação de álcoois e/ou fenóis, absorções na região de 3000-2800 cm-1 típica de C-H alifáticos e bandas em 1560-1575 cm-1 associadas a vibrações C=C de aromáticos. A composição dos bio-óleos apresentaram majoritariamente a presença de compostos oxigenados, aromáticos (fenóis), e alifáticos (ácidos graxos), sendo os principais compostos encontrados o 2-furanometanol, 1,2-benzenodiol e ácido hexadecanóico. Os estudos preliminares apontam para a possibilidade da conversão deste tipo de biomassa em bio-óleo. A pirólise da EC a baixa temperatura (300 oC) forneceu um rendimento de 14,39% de bio-óleo, 77,98% de biocarvão e 7,63% de biogás.application/pdfporQuímicaPlantas aquáticasBiomassaPiróliseBiomassAquatic plantsChemistryCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICAEstudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticasinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisPós-Graduação em Químicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSinstname:Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)instacron:UFSORIGINALLUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdfapplication/pdf2295578https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/6103/1/LUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdf7fa72bd7882ab6f567616bbfd58c01e1MD51TEXTLUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdf.txtLUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain107664https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/6103/2/LUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdf.txt809bab976259fa8308c44d4154bcc3feMD52THUMBNAILLUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdf.jpgLUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1276https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/6103/3/LUANA_OLIVEIRA_SANTOS.pdf.jpgcd6969674782c0276db5650fa352751fMD53riufs/61032018-01-16 19:47:54.416oai:ufs.br:riufs/6103Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://ri.ufs.br/oai/requestrepositorio@academico.ufs.bropendoar:2018-01-16T22:47:54Repositório Institucional da UFS - Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas |
title |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas |
spellingShingle |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas Santos, Luana Oliveira dos Química Plantas aquáticas Biomassa Pirólise Biomass Aquatic plants Chemistry CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
title_short |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas |
title_full |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas |
title_fullStr |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas |
title_sort |
Estudo para obtenção de bio-óleo de 2ª geração através da pirólise de plantas aquáticas |
author |
Santos, Luana Oliveira dos |
author_facet |
Santos, Luana Oliveira dos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Luana Oliveira dos |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3060823745804732 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Wisniewski Junior, Alberto |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4366001846474452 |
contributor_str_mv |
Wisniewski Junior, Alberto |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Química Plantas aquáticas Biomassa Pirólise |
topic |
Química Plantas aquáticas Biomassa Pirólise Biomass Aquatic plants Chemistry CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Biomass Aquatic plants Chemistry |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
description |
The need for energy is increasing rapidly directed by increased industrialization and population growth beyond environmental issues. So has focused for obtaining energy from renewable sources such as biomass. The production of 2nd generation biofuels from this feedstock, through the thermal conversion process, has been a viable alternative due to its natural availability, which can be converted into liquid, solid and gaseous biofuels. One potential source of biomass is the water hyacinth, due to its high rate of uncontrolled growth, which has affected various water bodies. Thus this paper proposes a microscale studies to evaluate the thermal conversion into liquid biofuel of Eichhornia crassipes (EC), Eichhornia azurea (EA) and Nymphaea spp. (Ny), aquatic plants present in River Poxim and Weir Macela around Aracaju-SE and Itabaiana-SE. The biomasses were characterized for moisture content, oil content, ash content, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared (IR), elemental analysis and Fluorescence Spectrometry X-ray Energy Dispersive (EDX). The bio-oil product from micropyrolysis at 525 ± 10 °C was trapped in actived charcoal being tested as eluting solvents dichloromethane, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and methanol. The solvent that showed the best extraction capacity was tetrahydrofuran. As the polar characteristic of chemical constituents, solutions of bio-oils have been subjected to derivatization with MSTFA, seeking help identify components through their silanes derivatives. The plants had high moisture content between 90-93%, oil content of 6.0% and 2.6% for EA and EC respectively. The ash content for EA, EC and Ny were 14.5, 19.2 and 13.0%, respectively. According to the TGA curve from 41% to 47% of weight loss can be attributed to the decomposition of hemicellulose and cellulose (184-390 °C) and 71% to 72.6% is attributed to lignin degradation (390-590 °C), leaving 18.5% (EA), 21.4% (EC) and 24.5% (Ny) of ash and charcoal. The IR spectra of biomasses showed absorption band in the region of 3000-3600 cm-1 which is attributed to stretching of the binding of alcohols and / or phenols, absorptions in the region 3000-2800 cm-1 typical of aliphatic and bands in C-H 1560-1575 cm-1 related to C=C vibration of aromatics. The composition of bio-oils showed predominantly the presence of oxygenates, aromatics (phenols), and aliphatic (fatty acids), being the main compounds found the 2-furanemethanol, 1,2-benzenediol, hexadecanoic acid. Preliminary studies indicate the possibility of conversion of biomass to bio-oil. Pyrolysis of EC at low temperature (300 °C) gave a yield of 14.39% bio-oil, 77.98% biochar and 7.63% of biogas. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2013-02-21 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-09-27T13:57:43Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-09-27T13:57:43Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
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https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6103 |
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