Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos
Ano de defesa: | 2022 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Não Informado pela instituição
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Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente
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Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
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País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/15752 |
Resumo: | The negative impacts of human actions on the natural environment have caused serious risks to the survival of ecosystems; water demands, for example, are already scarce in several countries around the world. There are many reasons that lead to water scarcity, ranging from poor territorial distribution to the contamination of springs, thus requiring a proper environmental management and intelligent use of available resources. To this end, techniques and solutions are needed, such as the reuse of grey water or the use of rainwater for non-potable purposes such as irrigation, washing floors, car washes, and toilet flushes. The most common treatment for these effluents is the traditional sand filter, which despite being considered a low cost treatment, requires limited natural resources such as sand, limestone and coal. In order to combine the reuse of waste with the reuse of graywater, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an alternative filter with used sponges, biochar based on orange bagasse and construction waste to treat graywater from sinks. The research approach is hypothetical-deductive, starting from the hypothesis that the proposed treatment is sustainable and capable of filtering greywater for subsequent application as an alternative to comply with socio-environmental indicators. The materials that compose the filter were characterized, being the construction waste by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), sponges by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the biochar by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) and SEM pointing them as porous materials and able to filter solids and undesirable substances from the graywater. The graywater samples for the study were collected from a men's bathroom located on the first floor of the biology and forestry engineering laboratory complex at UFS, São Cristóvão Campus, through a 50 liter tank installed below one of the sinks. The analyses performed before and after the treatment unit showed a 6.61% reduction in pH, a 41.62% increase in dissolved oxygen, a 71.56% reduction in turbidity, a 310% increase in electrical conductivity, and 100% removal of thermotolerant coliforms. Finally, as the final effluent is classified by NBR 13.969 for use in sanitary flushing and agriculture, a full-scale filter model was designed based on the production of graywater from sinks in the forum of Indiaroba/SE, with a capacity to filter 243.5 liters of graywater per day. The treatment met the hypothesis, although it did not produce effluent for reuse in gardens and car washes due to the average value of turbidity above 5 NTU, it proved effective in filtration, highlighting the sustainability of materials and their impacts, as well as proposing its application as a technology to meet the socio-environmental indicators of the Judiciary of Sergipe. |
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Passos, Erik SantosFaccioli, Gregório Guirado2022-05-23T19:58:16Z2022-05-23T19:58:16Z2022-02-23PASSOS, Erik Santos. Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos. 2022. 108 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2022.http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/15752The negative impacts of human actions on the natural environment have caused serious risks to the survival of ecosystems; water demands, for example, are already scarce in several countries around the world. There are many reasons that lead to water scarcity, ranging from poor territorial distribution to the contamination of springs, thus requiring a proper environmental management and intelligent use of available resources. To this end, techniques and solutions are needed, such as the reuse of grey water or the use of rainwater for non-potable purposes such as irrigation, washing floors, car washes, and toilet flushes. The most common treatment for these effluents is the traditional sand filter, which despite being considered a low cost treatment, requires limited natural resources such as sand, limestone and coal. In order to combine the reuse of waste with the reuse of graywater, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an alternative filter with used sponges, biochar based on orange bagasse and construction waste to treat graywater from sinks. The research approach is hypothetical-deductive, starting from the hypothesis that the proposed treatment is sustainable and capable of filtering greywater for subsequent application as an alternative to comply with socio-environmental indicators. The materials that compose the filter were characterized, being the construction waste by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), sponges by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the biochar by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) and SEM pointing them as porous materials and able to filter solids and undesirable substances from the graywater. The graywater samples for the study were collected from a men's bathroom located on the first floor of the biology and forestry engineering laboratory complex at UFS, São Cristóvão Campus, through a 50 liter tank installed below one of the sinks. The analyses performed before and after the treatment unit showed a 6.61% reduction in pH, a 41.62% increase in dissolved oxygen, a 71.56% reduction in turbidity, a 310% increase in electrical conductivity, and 100% removal of thermotolerant coliforms. Finally, as the final effluent is classified by NBR 13.969 for use in sanitary flushing and agriculture, a full-scale filter model was designed based on the production of graywater from sinks in the forum of Indiaroba/SE, with a capacity to filter 243.5 liters of graywater per day. The treatment met the hypothesis, although it did not produce effluent for reuse in gardens and car washes due to the average value of turbidity above 5 NTU, it proved effective in filtration, highlighting the sustainability of materials and their impacts, as well as proposing its application as a technology to meet the socio-environmental indicators of the Judiciary of Sergipe.Os impactos negativos das ações antrópicas no meio natural causaram graves riscos na sobrevivência dos ecossistemas, as demandas hídricas, por exemplo, já são escassas em diversos países pelo mundo. São inúmeros os motivos que levam à escassez da água, perpassando desde a má distribuição territorial até à contaminação dos mananciais, exigindo, dessa forma, uma correta gestão ambiental e aproveitamento inteligente dos recursos disponíveis. Para tanto, são necessárias técnicas e soluções como a reutilização de águas cinzas ou aproveitamento de águas pluviais para utilização em fins sem potabilidade como a irrigação, lavagem de pisos, lavagem de carros e descargas sanitárias. O tratamento mais comum para esses efluentes, é o tradicional filtro de areia, que apesar de ser considerado um tratamento de baixo custo, demanda de recursos naturais limitados como areia, brita calcária e carvão mineral. Com o intuito de aliar o reaproveitamento de resíduos à reutilização de águas cinzas, o trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar a eficiência de um filtro alternativo com esponjas usadas, biocarvão à base do bagaço de laranja e resíduos da construção civil para tratar águas cinzas de lavatórios. O método de abordagem da pesquisa é hipotético-dedutivo, partindo da hipótese que o tratamento proposto é sustentável e capaz de filtrar as águas cinzas para posterior aplicação como alternativa para cumprimento de indicadores socioambientais. Os materiais que compõem o filtro foram caracterizados, sendo os resíduos da construção civil por Fluorescência de RaioX (FRX), esponjas por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e o biocarvão por Brunauer, Emmett e Teller (BET) e MEV apontando-os como materiais porosos e capazes de filtrar sólidos e substâncias indesejáveis das águas cinzas. As amostras de águas cinzas do estudo foram coletadas de um banheiro masculino localizado no térreo do complexo laboratorial de biologia e engenharia florestal na UFS, Campus São Cristóvão, por meio de um reservatório de 50 litros instalado abaixo de um dos lavatórios. As análises realizadas antes e após a passagem na unidade de tratamento demonstraram redução no pH de 6,61%, aumento no oxigênio dissolvido de 41,62%, redução de 71,56% de turbidez, aumento em 310% da condutividade elétrica e remoção de 100% de coliformes termotolerantes. Por fim, sendo o efluente final classificado pela NBR 13.969 para utilização em descargas sanitárias e na agricultura, projetou-se um modelo de filtro em escala real tendo como base a produção de águas cinzas de lavatórios do fórum de Indiaroba/SE, com capacidade de filtrar 243,5 litros de águas cinzas por dia. O tratamento atendeu a hipótese, embora não tenha produzido efluente para reúso em jardins e lavagem de carros devido ao valor médio de turbidez superior a 5 NTU, mostrou-se efetivo na filtração, ressaltando a sustentabilidade dos materiais e seus impactos, bem como propondo sua aplicação como uma tecnologia para atendimento a indicadores socioambientais do Judiciário de Sergipe.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESSão CristóvãoporÁguas residuaisReúso da águaEstações de tratamentoSustentabilidadeIndicadores ambientaisTratamento sustentávelÁguas residuáriasIndicadores de sustentabilidadeSustainable treatmentWastewaterIndicators of sustainabilityOUTROSReúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativosinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisPós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio AmbienteUniversidade Federal de Sergipereponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSinstname:Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)instacron:UFSinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessTEXTERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdf.txtERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain201828https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/15752/3/ERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdf.txtc5003af2878f6229c402f4dde7c36a33MD53THUMBNAILERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdf.jpgERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1191https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/15752/4/ERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdf.jpg56cadf813bda475fa7af2ebce8fedce3MD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81475https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/15752/1/license.txt098cbbf65c2c15e1fb2e49c5d306a44cMD51ORIGINALERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdfERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdfapplication/pdf5862309https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/15752/2/ERIK_SANTOS_PASSOS.pdfb88b8e54643e6c38c0106dfd4e6e9813MD52riufs/157522022-05-23 16:58:36.002oai:ufs.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://ri.ufs.br/oai/requestrepositorio@academico.ufs.bropendoar:2022-05-23T19:58:36Repositório Institucional da UFS - Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos |
title |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos |
spellingShingle |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos Passos, Erik Santos Águas residuais Reúso da água Estações de tratamento Sustentabilidade Indicadores ambientais Tratamento sustentável Águas residuárias Indicadores de sustentabilidade Sustainable treatment Wastewater Indicators of sustainability OUTROS |
title_short |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos |
title_full |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos |
title_fullStr |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos |
title_sort |
Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos |
author |
Passos, Erik Santos |
author_facet |
Passos, Erik Santos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Passos, Erik Santos |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Faccioli, Gregório Guirado |
contributor_str_mv |
Faccioli, Gregório Guirado |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Águas residuais Reúso da água Estações de tratamento Sustentabilidade Indicadores ambientais Tratamento sustentável Águas residuárias Indicadores de sustentabilidade Sustainable treatment Wastewater Indicators of sustainability |
topic |
Águas residuais Reúso da água Estações de tratamento Sustentabilidade Indicadores ambientais Tratamento sustentável Águas residuárias Indicadores de sustentabilidade Sustainable treatment Wastewater Indicators of sustainability OUTROS |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
OUTROS |
description |
The negative impacts of human actions on the natural environment have caused serious risks to the survival of ecosystems; water demands, for example, are already scarce in several countries around the world. There are many reasons that lead to water scarcity, ranging from poor territorial distribution to the contamination of springs, thus requiring a proper environmental management and intelligent use of available resources. To this end, techniques and solutions are needed, such as the reuse of grey water or the use of rainwater for non-potable purposes such as irrigation, washing floors, car washes, and toilet flushes. The most common treatment for these effluents is the traditional sand filter, which despite being considered a low cost treatment, requires limited natural resources such as sand, limestone and coal. In order to combine the reuse of waste with the reuse of graywater, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an alternative filter with used sponges, biochar based on orange bagasse and construction waste to treat graywater from sinks. The research approach is hypothetical-deductive, starting from the hypothesis that the proposed treatment is sustainable and capable of filtering greywater for subsequent application as an alternative to comply with socio-environmental indicators. The materials that compose the filter were characterized, being the construction waste by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), sponges by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the biochar by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) and SEM pointing them as porous materials and able to filter solids and undesirable substances from the graywater. The graywater samples for the study were collected from a men's bathroom located on the first floor of the biology and forestry engineering laboratory complex at UFS, São Cristóvão Campus, through a 50 liter tank installed below one of the sinks. The analyses performed before and after the treatment unit showed a 6.61% reduction in pH, a 41.62% increase in dissolved oxygen, a 71.56% reduction in turbidity, a 310% increase in electrical conductivity, and 100% removal of thermotolerant coliforms. Finally, as the final effluent is classified by NBR 13.969 for use in sanitary flushing and agriculture, a full-scale filter model was designed based on the production of graywater from sinks in the forum of Indiaroba/SE, with a capacity to filter 243.5 liters of graywater per day. The treatment met the hypothesis, although it did not produce effluent for reuse in gardens and car washes due to the average value of turbidity above 5 NTU, it proved effective in filtration, highlighting the sustainability of materials and their impacts, as well as proposing its application as a technology to meet the socio-environmental indicators of the Judiciary of Sergipe. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2022-05-23T19:58:16Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2022-05-23T19:58:16Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2022-02-23 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
PASSOS, Erik Santos. Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos. 2022. 108 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2022. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/15752 |
identifier_str_mv |
PASSOS, Erik Santos. Reúso de águas cinzas: análise da eficiência de filtro composto por materiais alternativos. 2022. 108 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2022. |
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Universidade Federal de Sergipe |
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