Determinação de um índice de sustentabilidade no estuário do rio Vaza- Barris, litoral sul do Estado de Sergipe

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Foppel, Ernesto Frederico da Costa
• Orientador(a): Faccioli, Gregório Guirado
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente
• Palavras-chave em Português: Meio ambiente; Desenvolvimento sustentável; Indicadores; Pesca; Recurso pesqueiro; Comunidade ribeirinha
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Indicators; Fishing resources; Riverside community
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: OUTROS
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/8227

Worldwide, marine and coastal fisheries are experiencing declining catches as the result of both natural and anthropogenic processes. The use of inadequate fishery techniques, overfishing, the disposal of solid waste, contamination of the water, and poor administration by public agencies all contribute to the decline in natural fishery resources. Riverside communities often depend on fishery resources, and when these resources become scarce, they abandon fishing to find work in other locations. These communities are also vulnerable to the loss of their identity through processes such as the spread of holiday homes and increasing tourism. The present study determined the Index of Sustainability (IS) of three riverside communities of the Vaza-Barris estuary on the southern coast of the Brazilian state of Sergipe. The study was based on a combination of two complementary approaches. One method is an adaptation of the MESMIS (Framework for the Evaluation of Natural Resource Management Systems) tool, which is based on the measurement of indices, while the other was proposed by Calório, and is also based on indices, although with emphasis on the compilation of guidelines for the support of public policy. In the target communities, semistructured interviews were conducted using qualitative-quantitative questions and a snowball sampling technique. The IS measured by the MESMIS approach indicated “medium sustainability” (50.54), with the lowest value (9.55) being recorded for the “increase in the number of fishers”. Other negative economic indices included “regulatory measures” (10.90) and “mean income of fishers”, which was below the minimum wage (11.54). The environmental indices with the lowest values were solid waste found in the river (29.14) and prohibited fishing equipment (36.06). Based on the Calório approach, the community of Pedreiras had the lowest index, and one of the principal factors determining its performance was the almost complete absence of tourism at this locality, and the lack of alternative sources of income related to this activity. In the final analysis, the recommended policy measures included the training of community members in fishery techniques, as well as alternative occupations, the more effective monitoring and regulation of fishery activities throughout the estuary, and projects of environmental education designed to instruct the local population on the disposal of solid waste.