Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre
Ano de defesa: | 2021 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências Rurais |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
|
Departamento: |
Agronomia
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País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21994 |
Resumo: | Pampa biome is one of the most diverse countryside ecosystems in the world. In Brazil, the conservation of this ecosystem has been neglected, and more than 54% of its original area has been eliminated. Nevertheless, the viticulture has been identified as sustainable activity to use Pampa areas, as it allows the maintenance of genetic resources of native species between the lines of culture. However, the cultivation of vines is frequently associated with the enrichment of the soil with copper (Cu), derived from frequent use of cupric fungicides. In this case, the soil Cu excess can cause environmental contamination and plants toxicity. Which, over the years, lead to the native plant species diversity degradation. On the other hand, the soil Cu excess can favor the establishment of plants, native or exotic, that develop adaptive tolerance mechanisms to the metal. These plants, adapted to environments contaminated with Cu, play an important role in the maintenance of vegetation and in the reduction of soil metal toxicity, including for the vines themselves. Thus, the goal of this thesis was to evaluate the composition of vegetal community that cohabits the vineyards and to identify tolerance mechanisms of plants to high soil Cu levels, expressed by vegetal species that predominate in these areas. As well as, evaluate the potential of these species to phytoremediation of Cu contaminated areas. To achieve the objective, four studies were carried out in this thesis, some of them in field and others in a greenhouse. In the first study (study I) three vineyards were selected, with increasing levels of soil available Cu, and an area of natural field, adjacent to the vineyards. In each of them, soil was sampled in the 0-20 cm topsoil layer to analyze Cu levels and the vegetation analyzed by: botanical composition, dry matter and shoot Cu concentration of the most frequent species in each area. To carried out the studies II and III, four species were selected from the first study (Cynodon dactylon, Axonopus affinis, Paspalum notatum and Paspalum plicatulum) and cultivated in nutrient solution with increasing concentrations of Cu (0.32, 15, 30 e 45 μM). In study II, the impacts of Cu levels on specific plant characteristics, such as photosynthetic activity, metal distribution in biomass, growth, root morphology and nutritional status were analyzed. In study III, the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in shoot part and in the root system of plants were evaluated; as well as the responses of your antioxidant system to Cu excess. In study IV, the same species were grown in soil contaminated with increasing rates of Cu (0, 35 and 70 mg of Cu kg-1). In this study, growth and gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigment concentration, activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD and the phytoremediation potential of the species were evaluated. As a result, in study I, the increase of available soil Cu concentrations of vineyards did not alter the biodiversity of the plant community that lives in these areas. However, the botanical composition has been modified. This may be the result of the increase in soil Cu levels or due to increase in soil fertility. In the study II, it was observed that the species P. plicatulum and A. conyzoides presented the highest values of Cu bioaccumulation factor in shoot and have potential for phytoremediation techniques. Other herbaceous plants that cohabit the vineyards, such as the native species P. notatum and the exotic C. dactylon, stood out for their wide distribution in the studied areas. In study III, the exposure of A. affinis, P. notatum, P. plicatulum and C. dactylon grasses to high concentrations of Cu in the growing environment increased the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the lipid peroxidation of plant cell membranes. Moreover, excessive Cu absorption decreased the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, compromised photosynthetic activity, and altered the root morphology and nutritional status of plants (studies II and III). The Cu tolerance mechanisms expressed by plants consisted of metal accumulation in root system and the increase of antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD activity to combat the excessive production of ROS. Furthermore, in the root and leaves cells, most of the absorbed Cu was retained in the cell wall and vacuoles. Another strategy used by plants to minimize Cu toxicity was the complexation of the metal with pectates and proteins, phosphate and oxalates (study III). The study IV support that these grasses are potential phytostabilizers. Nevertheless, the use of native species as stabilizers in soil with moderate or high Cu contamination requires the adoption of strategies capable of reducing the soil Cu availability in order to minimize the phytotoxic effects of the metal and favor the development of native vegetation. Where the preservation of the Pampa native vegetation is not a priority, C. dactylon is the species with the greatest capacity to immobilize Cu in its biomass and can minimize the erosive processes and consequent dispersion of pollutants. |
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2021-08-18T23:22:06Z2021-08-18T23:22:06Z2021-01-21http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21994Pampa biome is one of the most diverse countryside ecosystems in the world. In Brazil, the conservation of this ecosystem has been neglected, and more than 54% of its original area has been eliminated. Nevertheless, the viticulture has been identified as sustainable activity to use Pampa areas, as it allows the maintenance of genetic resources of native species between the lines of culture. However, the cultivation of vines is frequently associated with the enrichment of the soil with copper (Cu), derived from frequent use of cupric fungicides. In this case, the soil Cu excess can cause environmental contamination and plants toxicity. Which, over the years, lead to the native plant species diversity degradation. On the other hand, the soil Cu excess can favor the establishment of plants, native or exotic, that develop adaptive tolerance mechanisms to the metal. These plants, adapted to environments contaminated with Cu, play an important role in the maintenance of vegetation and in the reduction of soil metal toxicity, including for the vines themselves. Thus, the goal of this thesis was to evaluate the composition of vegetal community that cohabits the vineyards and to identify tolerance mechanisms of plants to high soil Cu levels, expressed by vegetal species that predominate in these areas. As well as, evaluate the potential of these species to phytoremediation of Cu contaminated areas. To achieve the objective, four studies were carried out in this thesis, some of them in field and others in a greenhouse. In the first study (study I) three vineyards were selected, with increasing levels of soil available Cu, and an area of natural field, adjacent to the vineyards. In each of them, soil was sampled in the 0-20 cm topsoil layer to analyze Cu levels and the vegetation analyzed by: botanical composition, dry matter and shoot Cu concentration of the most frequent species in each area. To carried out the studies II and III, four species were selected from the first study (Cynodon dactylon, Axonopus affinis, Paspalum notatum and Paspalum plicatulum) and cultivated in nutrient solution with increasing concentrations of Cu (0.32, 15, 30 e 45 μM). In study II, the impacts of Cu levels on specific plant characteristics, such as photosynthetic activity, metal distribution in biomass, growth, root morphology and nutritional status were analyzed. In study III, the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in shoot part and in the root system of plants were evaluated; as well as the responses of your antioxidant system to Cu excess. In study IV, the same species were grown in soil contaminated with increasing rates of Cu (0, 35 and 70 mg of Cu kg-1). In this study, growth and gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigment concentration, activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD and the phytoremediation potential of the species were evaluated. As a result, in study I, the increase of available soil Cu concentrations of vineyards did not alter the biodiversity of the plant community that lives in these areas. However, the botanical composition has been modified. This may be the result of the increase in soil Cu levels or due to increase in soil fertility. In the study II, it was observed that the species P. plicatulum and A. conyzoides presented the highest values of Cu bioaccumulation factor in shoot and have potential for phytoremediation techniques. Other herbaceous plants that cohabit the vineyards, such as the native species P. notatum and the exotic C. dactylon, stood out for their wide distribution in the studied areas. In study III, the exposure of A. affinis, P. notatum, P. plicatulum and C. dactylon grasses to high concentrations of Cu in the growing environment increased the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the lipid peroxidation of plant cell membranes. Moreover, excessive Cu absorption decreased the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, compromised photosynthetic activity, and altered the root morphology and nutritional status of plants (studies II and III). The Cu tolerance mechanisms expressed by plants consisted of metal accumulation in root system and the increase of antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD activity to combat the excessive production of ROS. Furthermore, in the root and leaves cells, most of the absorbed Cu was retained in the cell wall and vacuoles. Another strategy used by plants to minimize Cu toxicity was the complexation of the metal with pectates and proteins, phosphate and oxalates (study III). The study IV support that these grasses are potential phytostabilizers. Nevertheless, the use of native species as stabilizers in soil with moderate or high Cu contamination requires the adoption of strategies capable of reducing the soil Cu availability in order to minimize the phytotoxic effects of the metal and favor the development of native vegetation. Where the preservation of the Pampa native vegetation is not a priority, C. dactylon is the species with the greatest capacity to immobilize Cu in its biomass and can minimize the erosive processes and consequent dispersion of pollutants.O bioma Pampa é um dos ecossistemas campestres mais diversos do Mundo. No Brasil, a conservação desse ecossistema tem sido negligenciada, e mais de 54% da sua área original já foi suprimida. Em contrapartida, atividades como a viticultura têm sido apontadas como formas de uso sustentável do Pampa, por possibilitar a manutenção de recursos genéticos de espécies nativas nas entrelinhas da cultura. Entretanto, o cultivo de videiras está quase sempre associado ao enriquecimento do solo com cobre (Cu), derivado de aplicações frequentes de fungicidas cúpricos. Neste caso, o excesso de Cu no solo pode causar contaminação ambiental e toxidez às plantas. E, ao longo dos anos, conduzir a degradação da diversidade de espécies vegetais nativas. Por outro lado, o excesso de Cu no solo pode favorecer o estabelecimento de plantas, nativas ou exóticas, que desenvolvam mecanismos adaptativos de tolerância ao metal. Plantas adaptadas a ambientes contaminados com Cu desempenham importante papel na manutenção da vegetação de cobertura e na diminuição da toxidez do metal nestes locais, inclusive para as próprias videiras. Neste escopo, o estudo objetivou avaliar a composição da comunidade vegetal que coabita os vinhedos e identificar mecanismos de tolerância aos elevados níveis de Cu no solo expressos por espécies vegetais que predominam estas áreas. Assim como, avaliar o potencial destas espécies em fitorremediar áreas contaminadas pelo metal. Para isso, quatro estudos foram realizados, parte a campo e parte em casa de vegetação. No estudo I foram selecionados três vinhedos, com teores crescentes de Cu disponível no solo, e uma área de campo natural, adjacente aos vinhedos. Em cada uma das áreas foi realizada a coleta do solo na camada de 0-20 cm para análise dos teores de Cu; a avaliação da composição botânica, determinação da biomassa da parte aérea e concentração de Cu na parte aérea das espécies mais frequentes de cada área. Nos estudos II e III, quatro espécies selecionadas a partir do primeiro estudo (Cynodon dactylon, Axonopus affinis, Paspalum notatum, e Paspalum plicatulum) foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva com concentrações crescentes de Cu (0,32, 15, 30 e 45 μM). No estudo II foram avaliados os impactos do aumento dos níveis de Cu sobre características específicas das plantas, como atividade fotossintética, distribuição do metal na biomassa, crescimento, morfologia radicular e estado nutricional. No estudo III foram avaliados a distribuição subcelular e as formas químicas do Cu na parte aérea e no sistema radicular das plantas; bem como as respostas do seu sistema antioxidante ao excesso de Cu. No estudo IV, as mesmas espécies foram cultivadas em solo contaminado com doses crescentes de Cu (0, 35 e 70 mg de Cu kg-1). Neste estudo, foram avaliados parâmetros de crescimento e de trocas gasosas, concentração de pigmentos fotossintéticos, atividade das enzimas antioxidantes SOD e POD e o potencial fitorremediador das espécies. No estudo I, o aumento das concentrações de Cu disponível no solo de vinhedos não alterou a biodiversidade da comunidade vegetal que coabita essas áreas. Porém, a composição botânica foi modificada, e isso pode ser resultado do aumento dos teores de Cu no solo e da melhoria da sua fertilidade. As espécies P. plicatulum e A. conyzoides apresentaram os maiores valores de fator de bioacumulação de Cu na parte aérea e são candidatas potenciais a técnicas de fitorremediação. Outras herbáceas que coabitam os vinhedos, como a espécie nativa P. notatum e a exótica C. dactylon, destacaram-se pela sua ampla distribuição nas áreas estudadas. No estudo III a exposição das gramíneas A. affinis, P. notatum, P. plicatulum e C. dactylon a altas concentrações de Cu no ambiente de cultivo aumentou a concentração de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) e a peroxidação lipídica das membranas celulares das plantas. Além disso, a absorção excessiva de Cu diminuiu a concentração de pigmentos fotossintéticos, comprometeu a atividade fotossintética, e alterou a morfologia radicular e o estado nutricional das plantas (Estudos II e III). Os mecanismos de tolerância ao Cu expressos pelas plantas consistiram no acúmulo do metal no sistema radicular, no aumento da atividade das enzimas antioxidantes SOD e POD para combater a produção excessiva de EROs. Além disso, nas células radiculares e das folhas, a maior parte do Cu absorvido foi retido na parede celular e nos vacúolos. Outra estratégia utilizada pelas plantas para minimizar a toxidez do Cu foi a complexação do metal com pectatos e proteínas, fosfato e com oxalatos (Estudo III). No estudo IV verificou-se que essas gramíneas são fitoestabilizadoras potenciais. No entanto, o uso das espécies nativas como fitoestabilizadoras de solo com contaminação moderada ou elevada requer a adoção de estratégias capazes de diminuir a disponibilidade de Cu no solo, de modo a minimizar os efeitos fitotóxicos do metal e favorecer o desenvolvimento da vegetação nativa. C. dactylon é a espécie com maior capacidade de imobilizar Cu em sua biomassa. O seu cultivo em áreas contaminadas, onde a preservação da vegetação nativa do Pampa não é prioridade, pode minimizar os processos erosivos e consequente a dispersão de poluentes.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - FAPERGSporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBrasilAgronomiaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessMetal pesadoBiodiversidadePampaBiodisponibilidade de CuEficiência de uso de nutrientesDistribuição subcelularFracionamento químicoEstresse oxidativoHeavy metalBiodiversityCu bioavailabilityNutrient use efficiencySubcellular distributionChemical fractionationOxidative stressCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOVariabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobreSpatial variability of the plant community and tolerance mechanisms of coverage plants species present in vineyards with high soil copper levelinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisBrunetto, Gustavohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1185169003700830Ferreira, Paulo Ademar AvelarGirotto, EduardoQuadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira deNicoloso, Fernando TeixeiraDe Conti, Lessandrohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1305849727224653Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da5001001000056006006006006006006006009722b6ea-23a3-4bcf-bb63-6ba069fdb11a7c4b60d9-6e55-4b28-8088-b15ce65b4ef67352c5d4-48e5-4d03-b80e-5d34f6a5614bf4070538-3010-4310-ae3e-608c2f0c4f48108064ed-80df-4ecf-9af7-76fa38ca3c75d308cda3-16c2-4129-96a8-1e610df362b2fa95c2c4-69c6-4749-9533-ca949f80e028reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Spatial variability of the plant community and tolerance mechanisms of coverage plants species present in vineyards with high soil copper level |
title |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre |
spellingShingle |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da Metal pesado Biodiversidade Pampa Biodisponibilidade de Cu Eficiência de uso de nutrientes Distribuição subcelular Fracionamento químico Estresse oxidativo Heavy metal Biodiversity Cu bioavailability Nutrient use efficiency Subcellular distribution Chemical fractionation Oxidative stress CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre |
title_full |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre |
title_fullStr |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre |
title_sort |
Variabilidade espacial da comunidade vegetal e mecanismos de tolerância de espécies de plantas de cobertura do solo presentes em vinhedos com altos teores de cobre |
author |
Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da |
author_facet |
Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Brunetto, Gustavo |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1185169003700830 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Girotto, Eduardo |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
De Conti, Lessandro |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1305849727224653 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da |
contributor_str_mv |
Brunetto, Gustavo Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar Girotto, Eduardo Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira De Conti, Lessandro |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Metal pesado Biodiversidade Pampa Biodisponibilidade de Cu Eficiência de uso de nutrientes Distribuição subcelular Fracionamento químico Estresse oxidativo |
topic |
Metal pesado Biodiversidade Pampa Biodisponibilidade de Cu Eficiência de uso de nutrientes Distribuição subcelular Fracionamento químico Estresse oxidativo Heavy metal Biodiversity Cu bioavailability Nutrient use efficiency Subcellular distribution Chemical fractionation Oxidative stress CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Heavy metal Biodiversity Cu bioavailability Nutrient use efficiency Subcellular distribution Chemical fractionation Oxidative stress |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
Pampa biome is one of the most diverse countryside ecosystems in the world. In Brazil, the conservation of this ecosystem has been neglected, and more than 54% of its original area has been eliminated. Nevertheless, the viticulture has been identified as sustainable activity to use Pampa areas, as it allows the maintenance of genetic resources of native species between the lines of culture. However, the cultivation of vines is frequently associated with the enrichment of the soil with copper (Cu), derived from frequent use of cupric fungicides. In this case, the soil Cu excess can cause environmental contamination and plants toxicity. Which, over the years, lead to the native plant species diversity degradation. On the other hand, the soil Cu excess can favor the establishment of plants, native or exotic, that develop adaptive tolerance mechanisms to the metal. These plants, adapted to environments contaminated with Cu, play an important role in the maintenance of vegetation and in the reduction of soil metal toxicity, including for the vines themselves. Thus, the goal of this thesis was to evaluate the composition of vegetal community that cohabits the vineyards and to identify tolerance mechanisms of plants to high soil Cu levels, expressed by vegetal species that predominate in these areas. As well as, evaluate the potential of these species to phytoremediation of Cu contaminated areas. To achieve the objective, four studies were carried out in this thesis, some of them in field and others in a greenhouse. In the first study (study I) three vineyards were selected, with increasing levels of soil available Cu, and an area of natural field, adjacent to the vineyards. In each of them, soil was sampled in the 0-20 cm topsoil layer to analyze Cu levels and the vegetation analyzed by: botanical composition, dry matter and shoot Cu concentration of the most frequent species in each area. To carried out the studies II and III, four species were selected from the first study (Cynodon dactylon, Axonopus affinis, Paspalum notatum and Paspalum plicatulum) and cultivated in nutrient solution with increasing concentrations of Cu (0.32, 15, 30 e 45 μM). In study II, the impacts of Cu levels on specific plant characteristics, such as photosynthetic activity, metal distribution in biomass, growth, root morphology and nutritional status were analyzed. In study III, the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in shoot part and in the root system of plants were evaluated; as well as the responses of your antioxidant system to Cu excess. In study IV, the same species were grown in soil contaminated with increasing rates of Cu (0, 35 and 70 mg of Cu kg-1). In this study, growth and gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigment concentration, activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD and the phytoremediation potential of the species were evaluated. As a result, in study I, the increase of available soil Cu concentrations of vineyards did not alter the biodiversity of the plant community that lives in these areas. However, the botanical composition has been modified. This may be the result of the increase in soil Cu levels or due to increase in soil fertility. In the study II, it was observed that the species P. plicatulum and A. conyzoides presented the highest values of Cu bioaccumulation factor in shoot and have potential for phytoremediation techniques. Other herbaceous plants that cohabit the vineyards, such as the native species P. notatum and the exotic C. dactylon, stood out for their wide distribution in the studied areas. In study III, the exposure of A. affinis, P. notatum, P. plicatulum and C. dactylon grasses to high concentrations of Cu in the growing environment increased the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the lipid peroxidation of plant cell membranes. Moreover, excessive Cu absorption decreased the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, compromised photosynthetic activity, and altered the root morphology and nutritional status of plants (studies II and III). The Cu tolerance mechanisms expressed by plants consisted of metal accumulation in root system and the increase of antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD activity to combat the excessive production of ROS. Furthermore, in the root and leaves cells, most of the absorbed Cu was retained in the cell wall and vacuoles. Another strategy used by plants to minimize Cu toxicity was the complexation of the metal with pectates and proteins, phosphate and oxalates (study III). The study IV support that these grasses are potential phytostabilizers. Nevertheless, the use of native species as stabilizers in soil with moderate or high Cu contamination requires the adoption of strategies capable of reducing the soil Cu availability in order to minimize the phytotoxic effects of the metal and favor the development of native vegetation. Where the preservation of the Pampa native vegetation is not a priority, C. dactylon is the species with the greatest capacity to immobilize Cu in its biomass and can minimize the erosive processes and consequent dispersion of pollutants. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-18T23:22:06Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-18T23:22:06Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2021-01-21 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21994 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21994 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
500100100005 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
9722b6ea-23a3-4bcf-bb63-6ba069fdb11a 7c4b60d9-6e55-4b28-8088-b15ce65b4ef6 7352c5d4-48e5-4d03-b80e-5d34f6a5614b f4070538-3010-4310-ae3e-608c2f0c4f48 108064ed-80df-4ecf-9af7-76fa38ca3c75 d308cda3-16c2-4129-96a8-1e610df362b2 fa95c2c4-69c6-4749-9533-ca949f80e028 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
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Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
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