Perfil sócio-produtivo de pecuaristas na área de proteção ambiental do rio Ibirapuitã (APA do Ibirapuitã) e avaliação da diversidade funcional de pastagens naturais da região centro-oeste do Rio Grande do Sul

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Liana Pereira de
• Orientador(a): Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de
• Banca de defesa: Silveira, Vicente Celestino Pires , Trindade, José Pedro Pereira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Zootecnia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Grupos de pecuaristas; Manejo sustentável; Tipos funcionais
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Farmers groups; Functional types; Sustainable management
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10757

The work was developed to recognize farmers profiles living in Ibirapuitã s Environmental Protection Area (Ibirapuitã s EPA) and identifies characteristics guiding management decisions and their social reproduction. Evaluation of the use of functional types based on grasses was also considered as an alternative to guide decision making considering appropriate management and sustainable development of areas of native grasslands. The work is divided into two approaches. The first is to collect data through semi-structured interviews, in production units located in Alegrete, Rosário do Sul and Santana do Livramento, within the Ibirapuitã s EPA. Data were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet and multivariate analysis was performed to determine ranchers profiles in the area. Cluster analysis showed three basic profiles: familiar farmers, specialized familiar farmers and enterprise ranchers . All produce cattle and sheep on natural pasture. Through ordination analysis, we determined socioeconomic and cultural characteristics that influence in management of natural resources. In the second approach were conducted four assessments of the floristic composition in Alegrete municipality in October 2008, April 2009, October 2009 and January 2010. In all evaluations were performed to determine the specific leaf area (SLA) and dry matter content (LDMC) of grasses with the greater contribution in forage mass. Data relating to botanical survey were analyzed using software MULTIV. SLA and LDMC collected data were analyzed together with the same attributes already determined in Santa Maria and Bagé, where functional types had already been determined by testing the factors grazing, burning, fertilization, site and functional types. We performed multivariate analysis using the software MULTIV. Variation of herbage mass of botanical families in the evaluated area was relevant to management compared with total variation in herbage mass. The grazing factor allowed the selection of species of types A and B over the species conservation of resources types C and D. The use of functional types of grasses can be extended to other regions like the West Border of the RS by the consistency showed that the functional attributes.