Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras
Ano de defesa: | 2023 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências Rurais |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola
|
Departamento: |
Engenharia Agrícola
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29329 |
Resumo: | Biological invasion refers to the process of entry, establishment and dissemination of an alien species in an environment where it did not previously occur. Currently, biological invasion is a challenge also faced by Conservation Units (UCs). The Quarta Colônia State Park (PEQC) is classified as an Integral protection UC, located in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In its limits are present large portions of degraded areas with the presence of invasive exotic species, causing negative impacts to the processes of natural succession. Faced with this scenario, the PEQC management carried out a previous control of invasive exotic plants using combined mechanical and chemical methods. After that, a high percentage of regeneration of invasive exotic grasses was observed, even after the implementation of control practices for these species. Given the above, this work aims to test and validate strategies that favor ecological succession in post-control areas of invasive exotic grasses in the PEQC, in order to provide subsidies to initiate ecological restoration in the UC. The experiment followed the experimental design of randomized blocks and four treatments were tested, referring to different types of biomass: Woody residues (T1), Rice husks (T2), Cover species (T3) and Control (T4). Methodologies were applied for the evaluation of soil cover, quantification of biomass and survey of natural regeneration in two experiments: 1) Postcontrol area of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach; 2) Urochloa sp. Data on land cover, biomass, abundance and richness of natural regeneration of the shrub-tree stratum were submitted to ANOVA and the means of treatments were compared by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Phytosociological indices were also calculated for the shrub-tree stratum. All statistical analyzes were processed in R. The most effective treatment for the two invasive exotic grass species studied was the T1 “Woody residues”. This biomass refers to a material commonly produced during the execution of management and control plans in large areas on a large scale, a reality found in the PEQC. The natural regeneration of native species is occurring satisfactorily, taking into account the historical degradation of the site. Most regenerating species are dispersed by animals, so we suggest that after the implementation of biomass, active restoration techniques be installed, such as planting in cores and artificial perches in order to enhance the ecological succession of the post-control areas. |
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2023-06-06T20:17:58Z2023-06-06T20:17:58Z2023-01-20http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29329Biological invasion refers to the process of entry, establishment and dissemination of an alien species in an environment where it did not previously occur. Currently, biological invasion is a challenge also faced by Conservation Units (UCs). The Quarta Colônia State Park (PEQC) is classified as an Integral protection UC, located in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In its limits are present large portions of degraded areas with the presence of invasive exotic species, causing negative impacts to the processes of natural succession. Faced with this scenario, the PEQC management carried out a previous control of invasive exotic plants using combined mechanical and chemical methods. After that, a high percentage of regeneration of invasive exotic grasses was observed, even after the implementation of control practices for these species. Given the above, this work aims to test and validate strategies that favor ecological succession in post-control areas of invasive exotic grasses in the PEQC, in order to provide subsidies to initiate ecological restoration in the UC. The experiment followed the experimental design of randomized blocks and four treatments were tested, referring to different types of biomass: Woody residues (T1), Rice husks (T2), Cover species (T3) and Control (T4). Methodologies were applied for the evaluation of soil cover, quantification of biomass and survey of natural regeneration in two experiments: 1) Postcontrol area of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach; 2) Urochloa sp. Data on land cover, biomass, abundance and richness of natural regeneration of the shrub-tree stratum were submitted to ANOVA and the means of treatments were compared by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Phytosociological indices were also calculated for the shrub-tree stratum. All statistical analyzes were processed in R. The most effective treatment for the two invasive exotic grass species studied was the T1 “Woody residues”. This biomass refers to a material commonly produced during the execution of management and control plans in large areas on a large scale, a reality found in the PEQC. The natural regeneration of native species is occurring satisfactorily, taking into account the historical degradation of the site. Most regenerating species are dispersed by animals, so we suggest that after the implementation of biomass, active restoration techniques be installed, such as planting in cores and artificial perches in order to enhance the ecological succession of the post-control areas.Invasão biológica refere-se ao processo de entrada, estabelecimento e disseminação de uma espécie exótica em um ambiente onde não havia a sua ocorrência anterior. Atualmente, a invasão biológica é um desafio enfrentado, também, pelas Unidades de Conservação (UCs). O Parque Estadual da Quarta Colônia (PEQC) é classificado como UC de proteção Integral, localizado na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Em seus limites estão presentes grandes porções de áreas degradadas com presença de espécies exóticas invasoras, causando impactos negativos aos processos de sucessão natural. Frente a este cenário, a direção do PEQC realizou um controle prévio de plantas exóticas invasoras a partir do uso dos métodos mecânico e químico combinados. Após isso, foi observado um alto percentual de regeneração das gramíneas exóticas invasoras, mesmo após a execução das práticas de controle destas espécies. Diante do exposto, este trabalho tem como objetivo testar e validar estratégias que favoreçam a sucessão ecológica em áreas de pós-controle de gramíneas exóticas invasoras no PEQC, a fim de fornecer subsídios para iniciar a restauração ecológica na UC. O experimentou seguiu o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados e foram testados quatro tratamentos, referentes a diferentes tipos de biomassas: Resíduos lenhosos (T1), Cascas de arroz (T2), Espécies de cobertura (T3) e Controle (T4). Foram aplicadas metodologias para a avaliação da cobertura do solo, quantificação de biomassa e levantamento da regeneração natural em dois experimentos: 1) Área de pós-controle de Pennisetum purpureum Schumach; 2) Área de pós-controle de Urochloa sp. Os dados de cobertura do solo, biomassa, abundância e riqueza da regeneração natural do estrato arbustivo-arbóreo foram submetidos à ANOVA e as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Também foram calculados índices fitossociológicos para o estrato arbustivo-arbóreo. Todas as análises estatísticas foram processadas no R. O tratamento mais eficaz para as duas espécies de gramíneas exóticas invasoras estudadas foi o T1 “Resíduos lenhosos”. Esta biomassa refere-se a um material comumente produzido no decorrer da execução de planos de manejo e controle em grandes áreas em larga escala, realidade encontrada no PEQC. A regeneração natural das espécies nativas está ocorrendo de maneira satisfatória, levando em consideração o histórico de degradação do local. A maioria das espécies regenerantes são dispersas por animais, dessa forma indicamos que após a implementação da biomassa, seja instalado técnicas ativas de restauração como plantio em núcleos e poleiros artificias visando potencializar a sucessão ecológica das áreas de pós-controle.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia AgrícolaUFSMBrasilEngenharia AgrícolaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessInvasão biológicaRestauração ecológicaUnidades de conservaçãoBiomassaBiological invasionEcological restorationConservation unitsBiomassCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLAEstratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasorasEcological sucession facilitation strategies in post-control invasive grassinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisRovedder, Ana Paula Moreirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5274469660466638Araujo, Ana Claudia Bentancord’Avila, MárciaSilva Filho, Pedro Joel Silva daCostalonga, Schirleyhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3799017864364917Silva, Marcela Peuckert Kamphorst Leal da5003000000086006006006006006006003a58e6ed-5033-4f8a-b8b8-92d94f074e0a170afae5-f7ec-48f8-86a0-267f4db53995b4580557-bd5a-46d8-b380-cf8c5aac7503bc0aad3b-6fb6-4c04-bcd2-d9799c31091c2a01c806-0e03-4454-b970-9b72547e749841ad8c25-0ca9-4087-bab3-c0daf7904aecreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALTES_PPGEA_2023_SILVA_MARCELA.pdfTES_PPGEA_2023_SILVA_MARCELA.pdfTese de doutoradoapplication/pdf1152570http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/29329/1/TES_PPGEA_2023_SILVA_MARCELA.pdff83bb5d48df91ef091e0c24a3706fa2cMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ecological sucession facilitation strategies in post-control invasive grass |
title |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras |
spellingShingle |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras Silva, Marcela Peuckert Kamphorst Leal da Invasão biológica Restauração ecológica Unidades de conservação Biomassa Biological invasion Ecological restoration Conservation units Biomass CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA |
title_short |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras |
title_full |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras |
title_fullStr |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras |
title_sort |
Estratégias de facilitação da sucessão ecológica no póscontrole de gramíneas invasoras |
author |
Silva, Marcela Peuckert Kamphorst Leal da |
author_facet |
Silva, Marcela Peuckert Kamphorst Leal da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Rovedder, Ana Paula Moreira |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5274469660466638 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Araujo, Ana Claudia Bentancor |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
d’Avila, Márcia |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Silva Filho, Pedro Joel Silva da |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Costalonga, Schirley |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3799017864364917 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Marcela Peuckert Kamphorst Leal da |
contributor_str_mv |
Rovedder, Ana Paula Moreira Araujo, Ana Claudia Bentancor d’Avila, Márcia Silva Filho, Pedro Joel Silva da Costalonga, Schirley |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Invasão biológica Restauração ecológica Unidades de conservação Biomassa |
topic |
Invasão biológica Restauração ecológica Unidades de conservação Biomassa Biological invasion Ecological restoration Conservation units Biomass CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Biological invasion Ecological restoration Conservation units Biomass |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA |
description |
Biological invasion refers to the process of entry, establishment and dissemination of an alien species in an environment where it did not previously occur. Currently, biological invasion is a challenge also faced by Conservation Units (UCs). The Quarta Colônia State Park (PEQC) is classified as an Integral protection UC, located in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In its limits are present large portions of degraded areas with the presence of invasive exotic species, causing negative impacts to the processes of natural succession. Faced with this scenario, the PEQC management carried out a previous control of invasive exotic plants using combined mechanical and chemical methods. After that, a high percentage of regeneration of invasive exotic grasses was observed, even after the implementation of control practices for these species. Given the above, this work aims to test and validate strategies that favor ecological succession in post-control areas of invasive exotic grasses in the PEQC, in order to provide subsidies to initiate ecological restoration in the UC. The experiment followed the experimental design of randomized blocks and four treatments were tested, referring to different types of biomass: Woody residues (T1), Rice husks (T2), Cover species (T3) and Control (T4). Methodologies were applied for the evaluation of soil cover, quantification of biomass and survey of natural regeneration in two experiments: 1) Postcontrol area of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach; 2) Urochloa sp. Data on land cover, biomass, abundance and richness of natural regeneration of the shrub-tree stratum were submitted to ANOVA and the means of treatments were compared by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Phytosociological indices were also calculated for the shrub-tree stratum. All statistical analyzes were processed in R. The most effective treatment for the two invasive exotic grass species studied was the T1 “Woody residues”. This biomass refers to a material commonly produced during the execution of management and control plans in large areas on a large scale, a reality found in the PEQC. The natural regeneration of native species is occurring satisfactorily, taking into account the historical degradation of the site. Most regenerating species are dispersed by animals, so we suggest that after the implementation of biomass, active restoration techniques be installed, such as planting in cores and artificial perches in order to enhance the ecological succession of the post-control areas. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-06-06T20:17:58Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-06-06T20:17:58Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2023-01-20 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29329 |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29329 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
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500300000008 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Engenharia Agrícola |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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