Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais
Ano de defesa: | 2011 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais
|
Departamento: |
Ciências Biológicas
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/13267 |
Resumo: | This study assessed the effect of the structural diversity of the Cerrado vegetation on ant diversity; the effect of conversion of natural areas into crop fields on ant diversity and in their predatory function; and the importance of nature reserves close to crop fields on the ant diversity and predation. I also tested a methodology for collecting hypogaeic ants in the Cerrado. Samples were collected in different areas of Cerrado and at adjacent crop fields. To evaluate the effect of structural diversity of the Cerrado vegetation, ants were collected with pitfall traps and Winkler sacs. To collect hypogaeic ants, initially, I compared trap efficiency at different depths, time of field exposure and the addition of ant attractive and in relation to pitfall traps placed on soil surface. To analyze the effect of the transformation of natural areas into crops fields, epigaeic ants were collected with pitfall traps and hypogaeic ants with subterranean traps, in transects at various distances from reserves. Ant predation in the underground was estimated using Tenebrio molitor larvae buried in traps. On the surface soil and vegetation, ant predation was estimated using artificial caterpillar made with modeling clay. Ant species richness was higher in the cerradão compared to the other types of vegetation, while the vereda had the lowest number of species. Ant species richness was positively correlated with shrub and tree cover, litter cover and biomass, and negatively correlated with grass cover. The species composition also varied according to the structural heterogeneity of the habitats. The most efficient methodology to collect hypogaeic ants consisted of traps exposed for seven days, at 20 cm deep and using palm oil as an additional attractive. The traps placed in the soil surface collect more ants species than subterranean traps and most of the species collected in the underground were also sampled in the surface. However, the subterranean traps collected some species rarely found with other methodologies. The conversion of the natural Cerrado vegetation into crop fields affected ant species richness and composition, with the species found in crop fields being a subset of the species present at the reserves. The predation rate on the soil surface did not differ between the reserves and crop fields, despite the fact that ant species richness was much higher in reserves. In the underground ant predation was higher in the reserves; despite the fact that ant species richness in underground did not differ between the two habitats. It is suggested that differences in predation rates are mediated by differences in total ant abundance rather than by species richness. The distance of the reserves did not affect the structure of ant communities and predation rate in crop fields. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the conservation of ant species diversity depends on the conservation of the habitat mosaic that typically characterize the Cerrado and that farming practices negatively affect the ant species richness and the predatory function performed by these species. |
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2016-06-22T18:34:30Z2012-04-302016-06-22T18:34:30Z2011-08-26NASCIMENTO, Renata Pacheco do. Ant community structure in the Cerrado: diversity, composition and predatory activity in crop fields and natural ecosystems. 2011. 169 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2011.https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/13267This study assessed the effect of the structural diversity of the Cerrado vegetation on ant diversity; the effect of conversion of natural areas into crop fields on ant diversity and in their predatory function; and the importance of nature reserves close to crop fields on the ant diversity and predation. I also tested a methodology for collecting hypogaeic ants in the Cerrado. Samples were collected in different areas of Cerrado and at adjacent crop fields. To evaluate the effect of structural diversity of the Cerrado vegetation, ants were collected with pitfall traps and Winkler sacs. To collect hypogaeic ants, initially, I compared trap efficiency at different depths, time of field exposure and the addition of ant attractive and in relation to pitfall traps placed on soil surface. To analyze the effect of the transformation of natural areas into crops fields, epigaeic ants were collected with pitfall traps and hypogaeic ants with subterranean traps, in transects at various distances from reserves. Ant predation in the underground was estimated using Tenebrio molitor larvae buried in traps. On the surface soil and vegetation, ant predation was estimated using artificial caterpillar made with modeling clay. Ant species richness was higher in the cerradão compared to the other types of vegetation, while the vereda had the lowest number of species. Ant species richness was positively correlated with shrub and tree cover, litter cover and biomass, and negatively correlated with grass cover. The species composition also varied according to the structural heterogeneity of the habitats. The most efficient methodology to collect hypogaeic ants consisted of traps exposed for seven days, at 20 cm deep and using palm oil as an additional attractive. The traps placed in the soil surface collect more ants species than subterranean traps and most of the species collected in the underground were also sampled in the surface. However, the subterranean traps collected some species rarely found with other methodologies. The conversion of the natural Cerrado vegetation into crop fields affected ant species richness and composition, with the species found in crop fields being a subset of the species present at the reserves. The predation rate on the soil surface did not differ between the reserves and crop fields, despite the fact that ant species richness was much higher in reserves. In the underground ant predation was higher in the reserves; despite the fact that ant species richness in underground did not differ between the two habitats. It is suggested that differences in predation rates are mediated by differences in total ant abundance rather than by species richness. The distance of the reserves did not affect the structure of ant communities and predation rate in crop fields. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the conservation of ant species diversity depends on the conservation of the habitat mosaic that typically characterize the Cerrado and that farming practices negatively affect the ant species richness and the predatory function performed by these species.Neste estudo foi avaliado o efeito da diversidade estrutural da vegetação do Cerrado na diversidade de formigas e o efeito da conversão das áreas naturais em agrossistemas para a diversidade e a função predatória das formigas. Além disso, também foi avaliada a importância das reservas naturais próximas aos agrossistemas para a diversidade de formigas e para a predação. Também foi testada uma metodologia para a coleta de formigas hipogéicas no Cerrado. As coletas foram realizadas em diferentes áreas de Cerrado e nas monoculturas adjacentes. Para avaliar o efeito da diversidade estrutural da vegetação do Cerrado na diversidade de espécies, as formigas foram coletadas com armadilhas pitfall e extratores de Winkler. Para coleta de formigas hipogéicas comparou-se, inicialmente, a eficiência de armadilhas subterrâneas em função da profundidade, tempo ou atrativos adicionais e em relação aos pitfalls de superfície. Para analisar o efeito da transformação das áreas naturais em monoculturas na diversidade de espécies e na taxa de predação, as formigas epigéicas foram coletadas com armadilhas pitfall e formigas hipogéicas com armadilhas subterrâneas, em transectos a várias distâncias das reservas. A predação no subsolo foi estimada usando larvas de Tenebrio molitor enterradas dentro de armadilhas. Na superfície do solo e na vegetação a predação foi estimada usando lagartas feitas com massa de modelar. O cerradão apresentou maior riqueza de espécies em comparação aos outros tipos de vegetação, e a vereda apresentou o menor número de espécies. A riqueza de espécies de formigas apresentou-se positivamente correlacionada com a cobertura arbustivo-arbórea, a cobertura e biomassa de serapilheira e negativamente correlacionada com a cobertura de capim. A composição de espécies também variou em função da heterogeneidade estrutural entre os hábitats. Para a coleta de formigas hipogéicas, a metodologia mais eficiente consistiu na exposição das armadilhas por sete dias, a 20 cm de profundidade e com óleo de dendê como atrativo adicional. As armadilhas colocadas na superfície coletam mais espécies do que as armadilhas subterrâneas, sendo a maioria das espécies coletadas no subsolo, também amostrada na superfície. Porém, no subsolo foram coletadas algumas espécies dificilmente encontradas com outras metodologias. A conversão da vegetação natural do Cerrado em monoculturas causou grande perda na riqueza de espécies e mudanças na composição, sendo as espécies encontradas nas monoculturas um subconjunto das espécies presentes nas reservas. A taxa de predação na superfície não diferiu entre as reservas e as monoculturas, apesar da diversidade de espécies ser maior nas reservas. Já a taxa de predação no subsolo foi maior nas reservas, apesar de a diversidade de espécies de formigas no subsolo não diferir entre os dois hábitats. Sugere-se que as diferenças nas taxas de predação são mediadas por diferenças na abundância total de formigas e não pela riqueza de espécies. A distância das reservas não afetou a estrutura das comunidades de formigas e a taxa de predação dentro das monoculturas. De forma geral, os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a conservação da diversidade de espécies de formigas depende da conservação do mosaico de hábitats que tipicamente caracteriza o Cerrado e que as práticas agrícolas afetam a diversidade de formigas e a função predatória realizada por estas espécies.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoDoutor em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturaisapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de UberlândiaPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos NaturaisUFUBRCiências BiológicasDiversidadeHeterogeneidade ambientalCerradoAgrossistemasFormigasArmadilhas subterrâneasPredaçãoConservaçãoFormiga - EcologiaBiodiversidadeCerrados - ConservaçãoDiversityEnvironmental heterogeneityCrop fieldsAntsSubterranean trapsPredationConservationCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIAEstrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturaisAnt community structure in the Cerrado: diversity, composition and predatory activity in crop fields and natural ecosystemsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisVasconcelos, Heraldo Luis dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788572E9Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charleshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787934P3Schoereder, José Henriquehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783461Y6Gonzaga, Marcelo de Oliveirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796456E4Claro, Kleber Delhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4728365J0http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702935Z9Nascimento, Renata Pacheco do81760687info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFUinstname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)instacron:UFUTHUMBNAILt.pdf.jpgt.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1347https://repositorio.ufu.br/bitstream/123456789/13267/3/t.pdf.jpg7b6dae5b67fb48bcae6e054b564d9ac6MD53ORIGINALt.pdfapplication/pdf4686238https://repositorio.ufu.br/bitstream/123456789/13267/1/t.pdfe1d192d665956fbaba32a9f4fdfe0c1bMD51TEXTt.pdf.txtt.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain305566https://repositorio.ufu.br/bitstream/123456789/13267/2/t.pdf.txt97adec08c22f9e6a9f5f7674fa311e86MD52123456789/132672021-10-29 15:14:39.414oai:repositorio.ufu.br:123456789/13267Repositório InstitucionalONGhttp://repositorio.ufu.br/oai/requestdiinf@dirbi.ufu.bropendoar:2021-10-29T18:14:39Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ant community structure in the Cerrado: diversity, composition and predatory activity in crop fields and natural ecosystems |
title |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais |
spellingShingle |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais Nascimento, Renata Pacheco do Diversidade Heterogeneidade ambiental Cerrado Agrossistemas Formigas Armadilhas subterrâneas Predação Conservação Formiga - Ecologia Biodiversidade Cerrados - Conservação Diversity Environmental heterogeneity Crop fields Ants Subterranean traps Predation Conservation CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
title_short |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais |
title_full |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais |
title_fullStr |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais |
title_sort |
Estrutura de comunidades de formigas no cerrado: diversidade, com-posição e atividade predatória em monoculturas e ecossistemas naturais |
author |
Nascimento, Renata Pacheco do |
author_facet |
Nascimento, Renata Pacheco do |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Vasconcelos, Heraldo Luis de |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788572E9 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787934P3 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Schoereder, José Henrique |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783461Y6 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Gonzaga, Marcelo de Oliveira |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796456E4 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Claro, Kleber Del |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4728365J0 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702935Z9 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nascimento, Renata Pacheco do |
contributor_str_mv |
Vasconcelos, Heraldo Luis de Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles Schoereder, José Henrique Gonzaga, Marcelo de Oliveira Claro, Kleber Del |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Diversidade Heterogeneidade ambiental Cerrado Agrossistemas Formigas Armadilhas subterrâneas Predação Conservação Formiga - Ecologia Biodiversidade Cerrados - Conservação |
topic |
Diversidade Heterogeneidade ambiental Cerrado Agrossistemas Formigas Armadilhas subterrâneas Predação Conservação Formiga - Ecologia Biodiversidade Cerrados - Conservação Diversity Environmental heterogeneity Crop fields Ants Subterranean traps Predation Conservation CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Diversity Environmental heterogeneity Crop fields Ants Subterranean traps Predation Conservation |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
description |
This study assessed the effect of the structural diversity of the Cerrado vegetation on ant diversity; the effect of conversion of natural areas into crop fields on ant diversity and in their predatory function; and the importance of nature reserves close to crop fields on the ant diversity and predation. I also tested a methodology for collecting hypogaeic ants in the Cerrado. Samples were collected in different areas of Cerrado and at adjacent crop fields. To evaluate the effect of structural diversity of the Cerrado vegetation, ants were collected with pitfall traps and Winkler sacs. To collect hypogaeic ants, initially, I compared trap efficiency at different depths, time of field exposure and the addition of ant attractive and in relation to pitfall traps placed on soil surface. To analyze the effect of the transformation of natural areas into crops fields, epigaeic ants were collected with pitfall traps and hypogaeic ants with subterranean traps, in transects at various distances from reserves. Ant predation in the underground was estimated using Tenebrio molitor larvae buried in traps. On the surface soil and vegetation, ant predation was estimated using artificial caterpillar made with modeling clay. Ant species richness was higher in the cerradão compared to the other types of vegetation, while the vereda had the lowest number of species. Ant species richness was positively correlated with shrub and tree cover, litter cover and biomass, and negatively correlated with grass cover. The species composition also varied according to the structural heterogeneity of the habitats. The most efficient methodology to collect hypogaeic ants consisted of traps exposed for seven days, at 20 cm deep and using palm oil as an additional attractive. The traps placed in the soil surface collect more ants species than subterranean traps and most of the species collected in the underground were also sampled in the surface. However, the subterranean traps collected some species rarely found with other methodologies. The conversion of the natural Cerrado vegetation into crop fields affected ant species richness and composition, with the species found in crop fields being a subset of the species present at the reserves. The predation rate on the soil surface did not differ between the reserves and crop fields, despite the fact that ant species richness was much higher in reserves. In the underground ant predation was higher in the reserves; despite the fact that ant species richness in underground did not differ between the two habitats. It is suggested that differences in predation rates are mediated by differences in total ant abundance rather than by species richness. The distance of the reserves did not affect the structure of ant communities and predation rate in crop fields. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the conservation of ant species diversity depends on the conservation of the habitat mosaic that typically characterize the Cerrado and that farming practices negatively affect the ant species richness and the predatory function performed by these species. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2011-08-26 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2012-04-30 2016-06-22T18:34:30Z |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-22T18:34:30Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
NASCIMENTO, Renata Pacheco do. Ant community structure in the Cerrado: diversity, composition and predatory activity in crop fields and natural ecosystems. 2011. 169 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2011. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/13267 |
identifier_str_mv |
NASCIMENTO, Renata Pacheco do. Ant community structure in the Cerrado: diversity, composition and predatory activity in crop fields and natural ecosystems. 2011. 169 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2011. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/13267 |
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por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia |
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Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais |
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UFU |
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BR |
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Ciências Biológicas |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia |
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