Avaliação energética e de custo em unidades armazenadoras

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Teixeira, Carlos Alberto
• Orientador(a): Oliveira Filho, Delly
• Banca de defesa: Lopes, Roberto Precci , Costa, José Márcio , Monteiro, Paulo Marcos de Barros
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Construções rurais e ambiência; Energia na agricultura; Mecanização agrícola; Processamento de produ
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Auditoria energética; Armazenamento; Motores elétricos; Secadores em cascata
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Energy auditing; Storage units; Electric motors
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/789

The agroindustry sector has an important role in Brazilian economy. In 2004, the exports of the agrobusiness corresponded to 40.4% of the total Brazilian export, as totaling US$ 96.475 billion. The lack of investments in the energy sector, that caused electric power rationing for a period of one year from June 2001, associated to the seasonableness of the resources necessary to generation of hydroelectric energy, turns the rationalization of the electric power use an indispensable supporting tool to the sustainable growth of the country. The use of the electric power in several sectors is around 9% (industrial sector), 24% (residential sector), 12% (commercial sector), 12% (government sector) and 3% (rural sector). In the industrial sector, the final use of electric power is distributed as follows: about 49% for driving force, 32% for ovens, 10% for boiler, 7% for chemical electrolysis, and 2% for illumination. The electric motors represent about 35% of the total consumption of electric power in the country, since there are more than 10 million electric motors under operation. Among several productive sectors of the Brazilian economy, the storage units of agricultural products present a high economic potential in their facilities and processes, since they have actually about 100 million tons of stored grain capacity. In this work, the rationalization of the energy use in storage units included: (i) evaluation of storage units for pre-processing grains; (ii) rationalization of the electric power use; (iii) energy solutions applied to storage units; and (iv) technical and energetic analysis of both commercialization and quality of agricultural products in Brazil. The high economic potential for the mechanical, thermal and electric energy in the storage units were shown in this study. Besides, some energy solutions could aggregate price to the drying operation, as well as the correction propositions in the laws concerning to the commercialization and quality of agricultural products would provide greater probity in the operation and a great energetic economy for the country.